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Deduction

Deduction

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Deduction may refer to:

in logic:
  • Deductive reasoning
    Deductive reasoning
    Deductive reasoning, also called deductive logic, is reasoning which constructs or evaluates deductive arguments. Deductive arguments are attempts to show that a conclusion necessarily follows from a set of premises or hypothesis...

    , inference in which the conclusion is of no greater generality than the premises
  • Natural deduction
    Natural deduction
    In logic and proof theory, natural deduction is a kind of proof calculus in which logical reasoning is expressed by inference rules closely related to the "natural" way of reasoning...

    , an approach to proof theory that attempts to provide a formal model of logical reasoning as it "naturally" occurs


in taxation:
  • Tax deduction
    Tax deduction
    Income tax systems generally allow a tax deduction, i.e., a reduction of the income subject to tax, for various items, especially expenses incurred to produce income. Often these deductions are subject to limitations or conditions...

    , variable tax dollars that you can subtract, or deduct, from your gross income.
    • Itemized deduction
      Itemized deduction
      An itemized deduction is an eligible expense that individual taxpayers in the United States can report on their federal income tax returns in order to decrease their taxable income....

      , eligible expense that individual taxpayers in the United States can report on their Federal income tax returns
    • Standard deduction
      Standard deduction
      The standard deduction, as defined under United States tax law, is a dollar amount that non-itemizers may subtract from their income and is based upon filing status. It is available to US citizens and resident aliens who are individuals, married persons, and heads of household and increases every...

      , dollar amount that non-itemizers may subtract from their income


Other uses:
  • Deduction (food stamps)
    Deduction (food stamps)
    For the food stamp program, Deductions are used to calculate a household’s monthly food stamp benefit. This calculation is done by subtracting a series of dollar deductions from the household’s total cash monthly income, so as to better reflect the amount of money the household has available for...

    , used to calculate a household’s monthly food stamp benefit goods to help you eat