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Debye
 
 
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The debye (symbol: D) is a non-SI
Si

Si, si, or SI may refer to :...
, CGS unit of electrical dipole moment
Electric dipole moment

In physics, the electric dipole moment is a measure of the Polarity of a system of electric charges called dipole.In the simple case of two point charges, one with charge and one with charge , the electric dipole moment is:...
. It is defined as 1 statcoulomb
Statcoulomb

The statcoulomb or franklin or electrostatic unit of charge is the Units of measurement for electrical charge used in the centimetre gram second system of units electrostatic system of units....
 centimeter (or 1 esu m, or 1 Fr cm). In SI
Si

Si, si, or SI may refer to :...
 units, 1 D equals approximately 3.33564 coulomb
Coulomb

The coulomb is the SI unit of electric charge. It is named after Charles-Augustin de Coulomb....
-meter (exactly 1 C m2/s divided by c, the speed of light in vacuum). Conversely 1 C m = 2.9979 D. It is named after the physicist Peter J. W. Debye.

Historically the debye was defined as the dipole moment resulting from two charges of opposite sign but an equal magnitude of 10-10 statcoulomb
Statcoulomb

The statcoulomb or franklin or electrostatic unit of charge is the Units of measurement for electrical charge used in the centimetre gram second system of units electrostatic system of units....
 (generally called esu in older literature), which were separated by 1 angstrom (10-8 cm or 10-10m).
Dipole moment
Dipole moment

Dipole moment refers to the quality of a system to behave like a dipole. Dipole moment is the measured polarity of a polar covalent bond. It is defined as the product magnitude of charge on the atoms and the distance between the two bonded atoms....
 is defined:


1 debye = (10-10)(10-8) statcoulomb
Statcoulomb

The statcoulomb or franklin or electrostatic unit of charge is the Units of measurement for electrical charge used in the centimetre gram second system of units electrostatic system of units....
 centimeter


Note that 10-10 statcoulomb is approximately 0.2083 units of elementary charge.

This gave a convenient unit for molecular dipole moments.






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The debye (symbol: D) is a non-SI
Si

Si, si, or SI may refer to :...
, CGS unit of electrical dipole moment
Electric dipole moment

In physics, the electric dipole moment is a measure of the Polarity of a system of electric charges called dipole.In the simple case of two point charges, one with charge and one with charge , the electric dipole moment is:...
. It is defined as 1 statcoulomb
Statcoulomb

The statcoulomb or franklin or electrostatic unit of charge is the Units of measurement for electrical charge used in the centimetre gram second system of units electrostatic system of units....
 centimeter (or 1 esu m, or 1 Fr cm). In SI
Si

Si, si, or SI may refer to :...
 units, 1 D equals approximately 3.33564 coulomb
Coulomb

The coulomb is the SI unit of electric charge. It is named after Charles-Augustin de Coulomb....
-meter (exactly 1 C m2/s divided by c, the speed of light in vacuum). Conversely 1 C m = 2.9979 D. It is named after the physicist Peter J. W. Debye.

Historically the debye was defined as the dipole moment resulting from two charges of opposite sign but an equal magnitude of 10-10 statcoulomb
Statcoulomb

The statcoulomb or franklin or electrostatic unit of charge is the Units of measurement for electrical charge used in the centimetre gram second system of units electrostatic system of units....
 (generally called esu in older literature), which were separated by 1 angstrom (10-8 cm or 10-10m).
Dipole moment
Dipole moment

Dipole moment refers to the quality of a system to behave like a dipole. Dipole moment is the measured polarity of a polar covalent bond. It is defined as the product magnitude of charge on the atoms and the distance between the two bonded atoms....
 is defined:


1 debye = (10-10)(10-8) statcoulomb
Statcoulomb

The statcoulomb or franklin or electrostatic unit of charge is the Units of measurement for electrical charge used in the centimetre gram second system of units electrostatic system of units....
 centimeter


Note that 10-10 statcoulomb is approximately 0.2083 units of elementary charge.

This gave a convenient unit for molecular dipole moments. Typical dipole moments for simple diatomic molecules are in the range of 0 - 11D, where symmetric homoatomic species, e.g. chlorine
Chlorine

Chlorine...
, Cl2, have a dipole moment of 0D and highly ionic molecular species such as gas phase potassium bromide
Potassium bromide

Potassium bromide is a salt , widely used as an anticonvulsant and a sedative in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Its action is due to the bromide ion ....
, KBr have a dipole moment of 10.5D.
The debye is still used in atomic physics
Atomic physics

Atomic physics is the field of physics that studies atoms as an isolated system of electrons and an atomic nuclei. It is primarily concerned with the Electron configuration and...
 and chemistry
Chemistry

Chemistry is the science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter, as well as the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions....
 because SI units are inconveniently large, particularly since the smallest prefix is (e.g., 2.54 D = 8.47 yCm). Note that SI disallows the application of prefixes to both members of a compound unit (e.g., 2.54 D = 8.47 fC·fm) or the compounding of prefixes (e.g., 2.54 D = 8.47 µyCm), so there is currently no satisfactory solution to this problem of notation.