DOSKey is a utility for
MS-DOSMS-DOS is an operating system for x86-based personal computers. It was the most commonly used member of the DOS family of operating systems, and was the main operating system for IBM PC compatible personal computers during the 1980s to the mid 1990s, until it was gradually superseded by operating...
and
Microsoft WindowsMicrosoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft.Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces . Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal...
that adds
command historyCommand history is a feature in many operating system shells, computer algebra programs, and other software that allows the user to recall, edit and rerun previous commands....
, macro functionality, and improved editing features to the command line interpreters
COMMAND.COMCOMMAND.COM is the filename of the default operating system shell for DOS operating systems and the default command line interpreter on Windows 95, Windows 98 and Windows Me...
and
cmd.exeCommand Prompt is the Microsoft-supplied command-line interpreter on OS/2, Windows CE and on Windows NT-based operating systems...
. It was included as a
TSRTerminate and Stay Resident is a computer system call in DOS computer operating systems that returns control to the system as if the program has quit, but keeps the program in memory...
program with MS-DOS and
PC-DOSIBM PC DOS is a DOS system for the IBM Personal Computer and compatibles, manufactured and sold by IBM from the 1980s to the 2000s....
versions 5 and later, and with Microsoft's
Windows 95Windows 95 is a consumer-oriented graphical user interface-based operating system. It was released on August 24, 1995 by Microsoft, and was a significant progression from the company's previous Windows products...
/
98Windows 98 is a graphical operating system by Microsoft. It is the second major release in the Windows 9x line of operating systems. It was released to manufacturing on 15 May 1998 and to retail on 25 June 1998. Windows 98 is the successor to Windows 95. Like its predecessor, it is a hybrid...
/
MeWindows Millennium Edition, or Windows Me , is a graphical operating system released on September 14, 2000 by Microsoft, and was the last operating system released in the Windows 9x series. Support for Windows Me ended on July 11, 2006....
.
In current
Windows NTWindows NT is a family of operating systems produced by Microsoft, the first version of which was released in July 1993. It was a powerful high-level-language-based, processor-independent, multiprocessing, multiuser operating system with features comparable to Unix. It was intended to complement...
-based operating systems DOSKey's functionality is built into
cmd.exeCommand Prompt is the Microsoft-supplied command-line interpreter on OS/2, Windows CE and on Windows NT-based operating systems...
, although the DOSKey command is still used to change its operation.
Usage
DOSKey allows the use of several command switches:
DOSKEY [/switch ...] [macroname=[text]]
| /REINSTALL |
Installs a new copy of DOSKey. |
| /LISTSIZE=[size] |
Sets size of command history buffer to size. |
| /MACROS |
Displays all DOSKey macros. |
|
|
Displays all DOSKey macros for all executables which have DOSKey macros. |
|
/MACROS:[executable name] |
Displays all DOSKey macros for the given executable. |
| /HISTORY |
Displays all commands stored in memory. |
| /INSERT |
Specifies that new text you type is inserted in old text. |
| /OVERSTRIKE |
Specifies that new text overwrites old text. |
| /EXENAME=exename |
Specifies the executable. |
| /MACROFILE=filename |
Specifies a file of macros to install. |
| [macroname] |
Specifies a name for a macro you create. |
| [text] |
Specifies commands you want to record. |
During a DOSKey session, the following
keyboard shortcutIn computing, a keyboard shortcut is a finite set of one or more keys that invoke a software or operating system operation when triggered by the user. A meaning of term "keyboard shortcut" can vary depending on software manufacturer...
s can be used:
| Up and Down |
Recall commands |
EscOn computer keyboards, the Esc key is a key labeled Esc or Escape that is used to generate the ASCII Escape character , the character code traditionally used to initiate an escape sequence...
|
Clears command line |
Ctrl-HomeThe home key is a key commonly found on computer keyboards. The key has the opposite effect of the end key. In limited-size keyboards where the home key is missing the same functionality can be reached via the key combination of -Microsoft Windows:...
|
Clears command line from the cursor to the beginning of the line. |
Ctrl-EndThe end key is a key commonly found on computer keyboards. The key has the opposite effect of the home key. In limited-size keyboards where the end key is missing the same functionality can be reached via the key combination of -Microsoft Windows:...
|
Clears command line from the cursor to the end of the line. |
| F7 |
Displays command history |
| Alt The Alt key on a computer keyboard is used to change the function of other pressed keys. Thus, the Alt key is a modifier key, used in a similar fashion to the Shift key. For example, simply pressing "A" will type the letter a, but if you hold down either Alt key while pressing A, the computer...
-F7 |
Clears command history |
| F8 |
Searches command history |
| F9 |
Selects a command by number |
| Alt-F10 |
Clears macro definitions |
DOSKey implements support for command macros, a simple text-substitution facility which is used somewhat like command line
aliasesIn computing, alias is a command in various command line interpreters such as Unix shells, 4DOS/4NT and Windows PowerShell, which enables a replacement of a word by another string. It is mainly used for abbreviating a system command, or for adding default arguments to a regularly used command...
in other environments.
| $T |
Command separator. Allows multiple commands in a macro. |
| $1-$9 |
Batch parameters. Equivalent to %1-%9 in batch programs. |
| $* |
Symbol replaced by everything following the macro name on command line. |
Alternatives
The absence of a command history in
COMMAND.COM was a serious inconvenience from the earliest versions of MS-DOS. Numerous third-party programs have been written to address the issue; many were available long before Microsoft supplied DOSKey. Some of these also provide additional editing capabilities lacking in DOSKey, such as filename completion. Some of the better-known DOSKey alternatives are Chris Dunford's ced, Sverre Huseby's dosed, Ashok Nadkarni's cmdedit, Steven Calwas's Anarkey, Eric Tauck's Toddy, and Paul Houle's enhanced DOSKey.
External links