Crus
Encyclopedia
Crus is the portion of the body starting from the ankle
and ending at the knee
. It is sometimes known as the gaiter. The tibia
and fibula are the two bones of the crus.
Fractures of only the tibia include:
Fractures of only the fibula include:
Combined tibia and fibula fractures include:
Ankle
The ankle joint is formed where the foot and the leg meet. The ankle, or talocrural joint, is a synovial hinge joint that connects the distal ends of the tibia and fibula in the lower limb with the proximal end of the talus bone in the foot...
and ending at the knee
Knee
The knee joint joins the thigh with the leg and consists of two articulations: one between the fibula and tibia, and one between the femur and patella. It is the largest joint in the human body and is very complicated. The knee is a mobile trocho-ginglymus , which permits flexion and extension as...
. It is sometimes known as the gaiter. The tibia
Tibia
The tibia , shinbone, or shankbone is the larger and stronger of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates , and connects the knee with the ankle bones....
and fibula are the two bones of the crus.
Fracture
A crus fracture is a fracture of either or both of the tibia and fibula.Fractures of only the tibia include:
- Bumper fractureBumper fractureA Bumper fracture is a fracture of the lateral tibial plateau caused by a forced valgus applied to the knee. This causes the lateral part of the distal femur and the lateral tibial plateau to come into contact, compressing the tibial plateau and causing the tibia to fracture...
- a fracture of the lateral tibiaTibiaThe tibia , shinbone, or shankbone is the larger and stronger of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates , and connects the knee with the ankle bones....
l plateau caused by a forced valgusValgus deformityIn orthopedics, a valgus deformity is a term for outward angulation of the distal segment of a bone or joint. The opposite deformation, medial deviation of the distal bone, is called varus....
applied to the kneeKneeThe knee joint joins the thigh with the leg and consists of two articulations: one between the fibula and tibia, and one between the femur and patella. It is the largest joint in the human body and is very complicated. The knee is a mobile trocho-ginglymus , which permits flexion and extension as... - Segond fractureSegond fractureThe Segond fracture is a type of avulsion fracture of the lateral tibial condyle of the knee, immediately beyond the surface which articulates with the femur.-History and incidence:...
- an avulsion fractureAvulsion fractureAn avulsion fracture is a bone fracture which occurs when a fragment of bone tears away from the main mass of bone as a result of physical trauma. This can occur at the ligament due to the application forces external to the body or at the tendon due to a muscular contraction that is stronger than...
of the lateral tibial condyleTibiaThe tibia , shinbone, or shankbone is the larger and stronger of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates , and connects the knee with the ankle bones.... - Gosselin fractureGosselin fractureThe Gosselin fracture is a V-shaped fracture of the distal tibia which extends into the ankle joint and fractures the tibial plafond into anterior and posterior fragments....
- a fractures of the tibial plafondSynovial jointA Synovial joint, also known as a diarthrosis, is the most common and most movable type of joint in the body of a mammal. As with most other joints, synovial joints achieve movement at the point of contact of the articulating bones....
into anterior and posterior fragments - Toddler's fractureToddler's fractureToddler's fractures or childhood accidental spiral tibial fractures are bone fractures of the distal part of the shin bone in toddlers and other young children . The fracture involves the distal third to distal half of the tibia, is undisplaced and has a spiral pattern...
- an undisplaced and spiral fracture of the distal third to distal half of the tibia
Fractures of only the fibula include:
- Maisonneuve fractureMaisonneuve fractureThe Maisonneuve fracture is a spiral fracture of the proximal third of the fibula associated with a tear of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis and the interosseous membrane. There is an associated fracture of the medial malleolus or rupture of the deep deltoid ligament...
- a spiral fracture of the proximal third of the fibula associated with a tear of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis and the interosseous membrane. - Le Fort fracture of ankleLe Fort fracture of ankleLe Fort's fracture of the ankle is a vertical fracture of the antero-medial part of the distal fibula with avulsion of the anterior tibiofibular ligament.The injury was described by Léon Clément Le Fort in 1886....
- a vertical fracture of the antero-medial part of the distal fibula with avulsionAvulsion fractureAn avulsion fracture is a bone fracture which occurs when a fragment of bone tears away from the main mass of bone as a result of physical trauma. This can occur at the ligament due to the application forces external to the body or at the tendon due to a muscular contraction that is stronger than...
of the anterior tibiofibular ligamentAnterior ligament of the lateral malleolusThe anterior ligament of the lateral malleolus is a flat, triangular band of fibers, broader below than above, which extends obliquely downward and lateralward between the adjacent margins of the tibia and fibula, on the front aspect of the syndesmosis.It is in relation, in front, with the...
. - Bosworth fractureBosworth fractureThe Bosworth fracture is a rare fracture of the distal fibula with an associated fixed posterior dislocation of the proximal fibular fragment which becomes trapped behind the posterior tibial tubercle. The injury is caused by severe external rotation of the ankle...
- a fracture with an associated fixed posterior dislocation of the proximal fibular fragment which becomes trapped behind the posterior tibial tubercleTibiaThe tibia , shinbone, or shankbone is the larger and stronger of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates , and connects the knee with the ankle bones....
. The injury is caused by severe external rotationExternal rotationExternal rotation is rotation away from the center of the body.The muscles of external rotation include:* of arm/humerus at shoulder** Deltoid muscle** Infraspinatus** Teres minor* of thigh/femur at hip ** Gluteus maximus...
of the ankle.
Combined tibia and fibula fractures include:
- Trimalleolar fractureTrimalleolar fractureA trimalleolar fracture is a fracture of the ankle that involves the lateral malleolus, medial malleolus and the distal posterior aspect of the tibia, which can be termed the posterior malleolus....
- involving the lateral malleolus, medial malleolus and the distal posterior aspect of the tibia - Bimalleolar fractureBimalleolar fractureA bimalleolar fracture is a fracture of the ankle that involves the lateral malleolus and the medial malleolus. Studies have shown that bimalleolar fractures are more common in women, people over 60 years of age, and patients with existing comorbidities....
- involving the lateral malleolus and the medial malleolus. - Pott's fracturePott's fracturePott's fracture, , also known as Pott’s syndrome I and Dupuytren fracture, is an archaic term loosely applied to a variety of bimalleolar ankle fractures. The injury is caused by a combined abduction external rotation from an eversion force...