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Crown (heraldry)
Encyclopedia
A Crown
is often an emblem
of the monarchy, a monarch's government, or items endorsed by it; see The Crown
. A specific type of crown (or coronet
for lower ranks of peerage) is employed in heraldry
under strict rules.
Indeed some monarchies never had a physical crown, just a heraldic representation, as in the constitutional kingdom of Belgium
.
Crowns are also often used as symbols of religious status or veneration, by divinities (or their representation such as a statue) or by their representatives, e.g. the Black Crown
of the Karmapa Lama, sometimes used a model for wider use by devotees.
A crown can be a charge
in a coat of arms, or set upon the shield to signify the status of its owner.
or higher (or hereditary knight
in some countries), he or she may display a coronet
of rank above the shield, usually below the helm in British heraldry, often above the crest (if any) in Continental heraldry.
In this case the appearance of the crown follows a strict set of rules. A royal coat of arms may display a royal crown such as that of Norway
. Princely coats of arms display a princely crown and so on right down to the mural crown
which is commonly displayed on coats of arms of towns and some republics. These forms of crowns are often inspired by the actual appearance of the respective country's royal and princely crowns.
Ships and other units of some navies
have a naval crown
above the shield of their coats of arms.
In formal English the word crown is reserved for the crown of a monarch whereas the word coronet is used for all other noble crowns.
In the peerage of the United Kingdom
, the design of a coronet shows the rank of its owner, as in German, French and various other heraldic traditions. The coronet of a duke
has eight strawberry
leaves, that of a marquess
has four strawberry leaves and four silver balls (known as "pearls", but not actually pearl
s), that of an earl
has eight strawberry leaves and eight "pearls" raised on stalks, that of a viscount
has sixteen "pearls", and that of a baron
has six "pearls". Since a person entitled to wear a coronet customarily displays it in their coat of arms
above the shield and below the helm and crest, this can provide a useful clue as to the owner of a given coat of arms.
Members of the British Royal Family
have coronets on their coats of arms, and may wear them at coronations. They are according to regulations made by King Charles II
in 1661 shortly after his return from exile in France (getting a taste for its lavish court style; Louis XIV
started monumental work at Versailles that year) and Restoration, and vary depending upon the prince's relationship to the Monarch. Occasionally additional royal warrants vary the designs for individuals.
In Canadian heraldry
, coronets are used to designate descent from United Empire Loyalists. A military coronet signifies ancestors who served in Loyalist regiments during the American Revolution, while a civil coronet is used by all others. The loyalist coronets are used only in heraldry, never worn.
Indeed there are also some coronets for positions that don't exist, or do not entitle use of a coronet, in the Commonwealth tradition.
Such a case in French ('old', i.e. royal era) heraldry, where coronets of rank did not come into use before the 16th century, is the vidame
, whose coronet (illustrated) is a metal circle mounted with three visible crosses (no physical headgear of this type known).
Often coronets are substituted by helmets, or only worn on a helmet.
The Holy Roman Empire
and consequently its successor states - Austria
, Germany
and others - had a very similar system to the British, though the design varied.
Considering the highly religious nature of the Holy Roman Empire
, one can say that, except for the short-lived Napoleonic states, no continental secular system of heraldry historically was so neatly regulated as under the British crown. Still, there are often traditions (often connected to the Holy Roman Empire, e.g. those in Sweden
, Denmark
or Russia
), including the use of crown and coronets. While most languages don't have a specific term for coronets, but simply use the word meaning crown, it is possible to determine which of those crowns are for peerage or lower level use, and thus can by analogy be called coronets.
, a charge is an image occupying the field
on an escutcheon (or shield). Many coats of arms display a crown as a charge. Most often in order to allude to royal or noble connections of the owner.
Crown (headgear)
A crown is the traditional symbolic form of headgear worn by a monarch or by a deity, for whom the crown traditionally represents power, legitimacy, immortality, righteousness, victory, triumph, resurrection, honour and glory of life after death. In art, the crown may be shown being offered to...
is often an emblem
Emblem
An emblem is a pictorial image, abstract or representational, that epitomizes a concept — e.g., a moral truth, or an allegory — or that represents a person, such as a king or saint.-Distinction: emblem and symbol:...
of the monarchy, a monarch's government, or items endorsed by it; see The Crown
The Crown
The Crown is a corporation sole that in the Commonwealth realms and any provincial or state sub-divisions thereof represents the legal embodiment of governance, whether executive, legislative, or judicial...
. A specific type of crown (or coronet
Coronet
A coronet is a small crown consisting of ornaments fixed on a metal ring. Unlike a crown, a coronet never has arches.The word stems from the Old French coronete, a diminutive of coronne , itself from the Latin corona .Traditionally, such headgear is – as indicated by the German equivalent...
for lower ranks of peerage) is employed in heraldry
Heraldry
Heraldry is the profession, study, or art of creating, granting, and blazoning arms and ruling on questions of rank or protocol, as exercised by an officer of arms. Heraldry comes from Anglo-Norman herald, from the Germanic compound harja-waldaz, "army commander"...
under strict rules.
Indeed some monarchies never had a physical crown, just a heraldic representation, as in the constitutional kingdom of Belgium
Belgium
Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
.
Crowns are also often used as symbols of religious status or veneration, by divinities (or their representation such as a statue) or by their representatives, e.g. the Black Crown
Black Crown
The Black Crown is an important symbol of the Karmapa, the Lama that heads the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism. The crown signifies his power to benefit all sentient beings. A corresponding crown, the Red Crown, is worn by the Shamarpa...
of the Karmapa Lama, sometimes used a model for wider use by devotees.
A crown can be a charge
Charge (heraldry)
In heraldry, a charge is any emblem or device occupying the field of an escutcheon . This may be a geometric design or a symbolic representation of a person, animal, plant, object or other device...
in a coat of arms, or set upon the shield to signify the status of its owner.
As a display of rank
If the bearer of a coat of arms has the title of baronBaron
Baron is a title of nobility. The word baron comes from Old French baron, itself from Old High German and Latin baro meaning " man, warrior"; it merged with cognate Old English beorn meaning "nobleman"...
or higher (or hereditary knight
Knight
A knight was a member of a class of lower nobility in the High Middle Ages.By the Late Middle Ages, the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry, a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior....
in some countries), he or she may display a coronet
Coronet
A coronet is a small crown consisting of ornaments fixed on a metal ring. Unlike a crown, a coronet never has arches.The word stems from the Old French coronete, a diminutive of coronne , itself from the Latin corona .Traditionally, such headgear is – as indicated by the German equivalent...
of rank above the shield, usually below the helm in British heraldry, often above the crest (if any) in Continental heraldry.
In this case the appearance of the crown follows a strict set of rules. A royal coat of arms may display a royal crown such as that of Norway
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
. Princely coats of arms display a princely crown and so on right down to the mural crown
Mural crown
-Usage in ancient times:In Hellenistic culture, a mural crown identified the goddess Tyche, the embodiment of the fortune of a city, familiar to Romans as Fortuna...
which is commonly displayed on coats of arms of towns and some republics. These forms of crowns are often inspired by the actual appearance of the respective country's royal and princely crowns.
Ships and other units of some navies
Navy
A navy is the branch of a nation's armed forces principally designated for naval and amphibious warfare; namely, lake- or ocean-borne combat operations and related functions...
have a naval crown
Naval crown
The Naval Crown was a gold crown surmounted with the prows of ships. It was a Roman military award, given to the first man who boarded an enemy ship during a naval engagement....
above the shield of their coats of arms.
Commonwealth usage
In the peerage of the United Kingdom
Peerage of the United Kingdom
The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801, when it replaced the Peerage of Great Britain...
, the design of a coronet shows the rank of its owner, as in German, French and various other heraldic traditions. The coronet of a duke
Duke
A duke or duchess is a member of the nobility, historically of highest rank below the monarch, and historically controlling a duchy...
has eight strawberry
Strawberry
Fragaria is a genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, commonly known as strawberries for their edible fruits. Although it is commonly thought that strawberries get their name from straw being used as a mulch in cultivating the plants, the etymology of the word is uncertain. There...
leaves, that of a marquess
Marquess
A marquess or marquis is a nobleman of hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies. The term is also used to translate equivalent oriental styles, as in imperial China, Japan, and Vietnam...
has four strawberry leaves and four silver balls (known as "pearls", but not actually pearl
Pearl
A pearl is a hard object produced within the soft tissue of a living shelled mollusk. Just like the shell of a mollusk, a pearl is made up of calcium carbonate in minute crystalline form, which has been deposited in concentric layers. The ideal pearl is perfectly round and smooth, but many other...
s), that of an earl
Earl
An earl is a member of the nobility. The title is Anglo-Saxon, akin to the Scandinavian form jarl, and meant "chieftain", particularly a chieftain set to rule a territory in a king's stead. In Scandinavia, it became obsolete in the Middle Ages and was replaced with duke...
has eight strawberry leaves and eight "pearls" raised on stalks, that of a viscount
Viscount
A viscount or viscountess is a member of the European nobility whose comital title ranks usually, as in the British peerage, above a baron, below an earl or a count .-Etymology:...
has sixteen "pearls", and that of a baron
Baron
Baron is a title of nobility. The word baron comes from Old French baron, itself from Old High German and Latin baro meaning " man, warrior"; it merged with cognate Old English beorn meaning "nobleman"...
has six "pearls". Since a person entitled to wear a coronet customarily displays it in their coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
above the shield and below the helm and crest, this can provide a useful clue as to the owner of a given coat of arms.
Members of the British Royal Family
Royal family
A royal family is the extended family of a king or queen regnant. The term imperial family appropriately describes the extended family of an emperor or empress, while the terms "ducal family", "grand ducal family" or "princely family" are more appropriate to describe the relatives of a reigning...
have coronets on their coats of arms, and may wear them at coronations. They are according to regulations made by King Charles II
Charles II of England
Charles II was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland.Charles II's father, King Charles I, was executed at Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War...
in 1661 shortly after his return from exile in France (getting a taste for its lavish court style; Louis XIV
Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV , known as Louis the Great or the Sun King , was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre. His reign, from 1643 to his death in 1715, began at the age of four and lasted seventy-two years, three months, and eighteen days...
started monumental work at Versailles that year) and Restoration, and vary depending upon the prince's relationship to the Monarch. Occasionally additional royal warrants vary the designs for individuals.
In Canadian heraldry
Canadian heraldry
Canadian heraldry is the cultural tradition and style of coats of arms and other heraldic achievements in both modern and historic Canada. It includes national, provincial, and civic arms, noble and personal arms, ecclesiastical heraldry, heraldic displays as corporate logos, and Canadian heraldic...
, coronets are used to designate descent from United Empire Loyalists. A military coronet signifies ancestors who served in Loyalist regiments during the American Revolution, while a civil coronet is used by all others. The loyalist coronets are used only in heraldry, never worn.
| Sovereign - St. Edward's Crown St. Edward's Crown St Edward's Crown was one of the English Crown Jewels and remains one of the senior British Crown Jewels, being the official coronation crown used in the coronation of first English, then British, and finally Commonwealth realms monarchs... |
Sovereign - Crown of Scotland | Sovereign - Imperial/Tudor Crown | Heir Apparent | ||||
| Prince or Princess - son or daughter of a sovereign | Prince or Princess - children of the Heir Apparent | Prince or Princess - children of other sons of the Sovereign, other princes or princesses | Prince or Princess - Children of a Daughter of the sovereign. | ||||
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Old ducal hat | Duke | Marquess | Earl | |||
| Viscount | Baron |  |
Loyalists military coronet (Canadian) |  |
Loyalists civil coronet (Canadian) | ||
Continental usages
Precisely because there are many traditions and more variation within some of these, there is a plethora of continental coronet types.Indeed there are also some coronets for positions that don't exist, or do not entitle use of a coronet, in the Commonwealth tradition.
Such a case in French ('old', i.e. royal era) heraldry, where coronets of rank did not come into use before the 16th century, is the vidame
Vidame
Vidame, a French corruption of the official Latin term vicedominus , was a feudal title in France...
, whose coronet (illustrated) is a metal circle mounted with three visible crosses (no physical headgear of this type known).
Often coronets are substituted by helmets, or only worn on a helmet.
German-Speaking countries
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
and consequently its successor states - Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
and others - had a very similar system to the British, though the design varied.
- The normal Adelskrone for lower nobility(= Laubkrone) is a golden ring with pearls and precious stones that features eight tines of which typically only five are visible. Out of those the center and the outer tines are normally leaves, whereas the others are headed by pearls. In the southern states of BavariaBavariaBavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
and WürttembergWürttembergWürttemberg , formerly known as Wirtemberg or Wurtemberg, is an area and a former state in southwestern Germany, including parts of the regions Swabia and Franconia....
quite often all tines are headed by pearls. - The Freiherrnkrone (baron's coronet)shows seven tines with pearls.
- The Grafenkrone (count's coronet)shows nine tines with pearls. Some of the senior houses used coronets showing five leaves and four pearls (Some mediatized counties and minor principalities had other types of coronets that distinguished them from normal counts).
- The Fürstenkrone (coronet of a prince; similar in rank to a marchess) is a golden ring with precious stones and five leaves and a crimson cap, that is surrounded by three visible arches with an imperial globe on top.
- The Herzogskrone (duke's coronet) has five arches, but only four tines. Between the arches crimson cloth is visible.
Considering the highly religious nature of the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
, one can say that, except for the short-lived Napoleonic states, no continental secular system of heraldry historically was so neatly regulated as under the British crown. Still, there are often traditions (often connected to the Holy Roman Empire, e.g. those in Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, Denmark
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
or Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
), including the use of crown and coronets. While most languages don't have a specific term for coronets, but simply use the word meaning crown, it is possible to determine which of those crowns are for peerage or lower level use, and thus can by analogy be called coronets.
Holy Roman Empire
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Imperial Crown Imperial crown An Imperial Crown is a crown used for the coronation of emperors.- Imperial Crowns with Mitre :-Legal usage:Throughout the Commonwealth Realms, The Crown is an abstract concept which represents the legal authority for the existence of any government... |
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King of Bohemia Crown of Saint Wenceslas Crown of Saint Wenceslas is the part of Bohemian crown jewels made in 1347. The eleventh king of Bohemia from the House of Luxembourg, and Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV had it made for his coronation and forthwith he dedicated it to the first patron saint of the country St... |
Archducal hat Archducal hat The archducal hat is the insignia of the Archduchy of Austria. It is kept in Klosterneuburg Monastery in perpetuity.-History:The first archducal coronet was shown on a portrait of Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria, though this coronet probably never existed... |
Oldest Electoral hat | ||
| Older Electoral hat | New Electoral hat & New Ducal hat Ducal hat The ducal hat of the Duchy of Styria is a jagged crown made out of silver-gilt. Believed to be produced in the 15th century, it was refashioned with pearls and enameled in 1766.... |
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Ducal hat Ducal hat The ducal hat of the Duchy of Styria is a jagged crown made out of silver-gilt. Believed to be produced in the 15th century, it was refashioned with pearls and enameled in 1766.... of Styria |
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Ducal crown | ||
| Princely hat |  |
Prince Prince Prince is a general term for a ruler, monarch or member of a monarch's or former monarch's family, and is a hereditary title in the nobility of some European states. The feminine equivalent is a princess... ly crown |
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Crown of a Landgraf |  |
Crown of a Landgraf | |
| Older crown of count Count A count or countess is an aristocratic nobleman in European countries. The word count came into English from the French comte, itself from Latin comes—in its accusative comitem—meaning "companion", and later "companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor". The adjective form of the word is... s |
Newer crown of count Count A count or countess is an aristocratic nobleman in European countries. The word count came into English from the French comte, itself from Latin comes—in its accusative comitem—meaning "companion", and later "companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor". The adjective form of the word is... s |
Older crown of a Baron Baron Baron is a title of nobility. The word baron comes from Old French baron, itself from Old High German and Latin baro meaning " man, warrior"; it merged with cognate Old English beorn meaning "nobleman"... /Freiherr Freiherr The German titles Freiherr and Freifrau and Freiin are titles of nobility, used preceding a person's given name or, after 1919, before the surname... |
Newer crown of a Baron Baron Baron is a title of nobility. The word baron comes from Old French baron, itself from Old High German and Latin baro meaning " man, warrior"; it merged with cognate Old English beorn meaning "nobleman"... /Freiherr Freiherr The German titles Freiherr and Freifrau and Freiin are titles of nobility, used preceding a person's given name or, after 1919, before the surname... |
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| Older Crown of Nobility | Newer Crown of Nobility | ||||||
Since 1803 / Austrian Empire
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Imperial Crown (HRR) Imperial Crown of the Holy Roman Empire The Imperial Crown , is the hoop crown of the King of the Romans, the rulers of the German Kingdom, since the High Middle Ages. Most of the kings were crowned with it. It was made probably somewhere in Western Germany, either under Otto I , by Conrad II or Conrad III during the late 10th and early... 1804-1806 |
Imperial Crown (Austria) Imperial Crown of Austria The Crown of the Austrian Empire was originally the personal crown of emperor Rudolf II. It is therefore also known as the Crown of Rudolf II, or the Crown of the Austrian Empire.- History :... 1804-1918 |
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Newer Crown of a King |  |
Newer Crown of a Grand Duke | |
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Mediatized Sovereigns of the Old Empire titled as "Illustrious Highness" |
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German Empire
| Imperial Crown of the German Empire Imperial crown An Imperial Crown is a crown used for the coronation of emperors.- Imperial Crowns with Mitre :-Legal usage:Throughout the Commonwealth Realms, The Crown is an abstract concept which represents the legal authority for the existence of any government... (1871) 1888-1918 |
Empress | Crown Prince | |||
| King of Prussia | King of Bavaria Crown of Bavaria The Crown of the King of Bavaria was ordered and designed 1804-1807 for Maximilian I after Napoleon had raised Bavaria to kingdom status. It was commissioned to the French goldsmith Jean-Baptiste de Lasne, who drew inspiration from the crown of Louis XV of France.Maximilian's alliance with Emperor... |
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Ancien Regime
Some of these styles are still used by old nobility.| Prince | Duke | Marquess | Count | ||||
| Count (Older) |
Viscount | Baron | Crown of Nobility | ||||
Belgium
| King | Prince | Duke | Marquess | ||||
| Count | Viscount | Baron | Hereditary Knight (Chevaliér/Erfridder) |
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Netherlands
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King | |
Prince (royal family) |
Prince (nobility) |
Duke | ||
| Marquess | Count | Count (alternative style) |
Viscount | ||||
| Baron | Hereditary Knight (Erfridder) |
Jonkheer |
Ancien Regime
| King | Dauphin | Enfant de France Fils de France Fils de France was the style and rank held by the sons of the kings and dauphins of France. A daughter was known as a fille de France .The children of the dauphin, who was the king's heir apparent, were accorded the same style and status as if they were the king's children instead of his... |
Prince du Sang Prince du Sang A prince of the blood was a person who was legitimately descended in the male line from the monarch of a country. In France, the rank of prince du sang was the highest held at court after the immediate family of the king during the ancien régime and the Bourbon Restoration... |
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| Duke and "Pair de France" | Duke | Marquis Marquis Marquis is a French and Scottish title of nobility. The English equivalent is Marquess, while in German, it is Markgraf.It may also refer to:Persons:... and "Pair de France" |
Marquess | ||||
| Count and "Pair de France" | Count | Count (older) | Viscount | ||||
| Vidame Vidame Vidame, a French corruption of the official Latin term vicedominus , was a feudal title in France... |
Baron | Knight's crown (Bannerets) | Knight's tortillon |
Napoleonic Empire
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| Emperor | Bonnet d'honneur |
Sovereign Prince |
Prince | Duke | Count | Baron | Knight |
July Monarchy
| King of the French |
Kingdom of Italy (1861 - 1946)
| King |  |
Crown Prince |  |
Prince (royal family) |  |
Prince of Savoy-Aosta | |
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Prince of Savoy-Genova | Duke | Marquess | Count | |||
| Viscount | Baron | Noble | Hereditary Knight | ||||
| Patrician | .svg.png) |
Province |  |
City |  |
Municipality |
Italian states before 1861
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Papal Tiara Tiara A tiara is a form of crown. There are two possible types of crown that this word can refer to.Traditionally, the word "tiara" refers to a high crown, often with the shape of a cylinder narrowed at its top, made of fabric or leather, and richly ornamented. It was used by the kings and emperors of... |
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Grand Duchy of Tuscany | Doge of Venice Doge of Venice The Doge of Venice , often mistranslated Duke was the chief magistrate and leader of the Most Serene Republic of Venice for over a thousand years. Doges of Venice were elected for life by the city-state's aristocracy. Commonly the person selected as Doge was the shrewdest elder in the city... |
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Crown of San Marino San Marino San Marino, officially the Republic of San Marino , is a state situated on the Italian Peninsula on the eastern side of the Apennine Mountains. It is an enclave surrounded by Italy. Its size is just over with an estimated population of over 30,000. Its capital is the City of San Marino... |
Iron Crown of Lombardy Iron Crown of Lombardy The Iron Crown of Lombardy is both a reliquary and one of the most ancient royal insignia of Europe. The crown became one of the symbols of the Kingdom of Lombards and later of the medieval Kingdom of Italy... |
Portugal
| Monarch | Baron |
Brazil
| Emperor | Prince Imperial |
Russia
| Tsar Tsar Tsar is a title used to designate certain European Slavic monarchs or supreme rulers. As a system of government in the Tsardom of Russia and Russian Empire, it is known as Tsarist autocracy, or Tsarism... |
Prince (Illustrious Highness) |
Count | Baron | Baron (alternative style) | Crown of Nobility |
Spain
| King | King (Aragon, Catalonia, Balearics, Valencia) | Crown Prince | Crown Price (Aragon, Catalonia, Balearics, Valencia) | ||||
| Infante | Infante (Aragon, Catalonia, Balearics, Valencia) | Grandee of Spain Grandee Grandee is the word used to render in English the Iberic high aristocratic title Grande , used by the Spanish nobility; Portuguese nobility, and Brazilian nobility.... |
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| Duke |  |
Older ducal crown | Marques | Count | |||
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Older crown of Counts | Viscount | Baron | Older crown of Barons | |||
| Señor (Lord) | Knight's burelete (Caballero Caballero Caballero, the Spanish word for "knight" or "gentleman", may also refer to:People* Caballero , people with the surname Caballero* Celestino Caballero, professional boxer from Panama... ) |
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Older crown of Knights (Caballeros) |
Denmark
| King | Crown Prince | Prince (royal family) |
Marquess | Crown of Nobility |
Norway
| King | Crown Prince | Count | Baron | Crown of Nobility |
Sweden
| King | Crown Prince | Duke | Count | Baron | Crown of Nobility |
Further Examples
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Holy Crown of Hungary |  |
Steel Crown of Romania | Royal Crown of Hawaii Kingdom of Hawaii The Kingdom of Hawaii was established during the years 1795 to 1810 with the subjugation of the smaller independent chiefdoms of Oahu, Maui, Molokai, Lānai, Kauai and Niihau by the chiefdom of Hawaii into one unified government... |
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Crown of the Grand Principality of Transylvania |
Crown of the Kingdom of Bulgaria Kingdom of Bulgaria The Kingdom of Bulgaria was established as an independent state when the Principality of Bulgaria, an Ottoman vassal, officially proclaimed itself independent on October 5, 1908 . This move also formalised the annexation of the Ottoman province of Eastern Rumelia, which had been under the control... |
Royal Crown of Egypt Kingdom of Egypt The Kingdom of Egypt was the first modern Egyptian state, lasting from 1922 to 1953. The Kingdom was created in 1922 when the British government unilaterally ended its protectorate over Egypt, in place since 1914. Sultan Fuad I became the first king of the new state... |
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| Shah of Persia | Eastern crown | Mural Crown Mural crown -Usage in ancient times:In Hellenistic culture, a mural crown identified the goddess Tyche, the embodiment of the fortune of a city, familiar to Romans as Fortuna... |
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Mural Crown Mural crown -Usage in ancient times:In Hellenistic culture, a mural crown identified the goddess Tyche, the embodiment of the fortune of a city, familiar to Romans as Fortuna... of Berlin's boroughs |
Naval Crown Naval crown The Naval Crown was a gold crown surmounted with the prows of ships. It was a Roman military award, given to the first man who boarded an enemy ship during a naval engagement.... |
Great Crown of Victory Great Crown of Victory The Great Crown of Victory or Phra Maha Phichai Mongkut is one of the Royal Regalia of Thailand. Made of gold in the reign of King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke or Rama I in 1782, it is 66 centimeters high and weighs 7.3 kg, and enamelled in red and green. Thanks to King Mongkut or Rama IV, the Great... of the Kings of Siam and Thailand Thailand Thailand , officially the Kingdom of Thailand , formerly known as Siam , is a country located at the centre of the Indochina peninsula and Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the... . |
As a charge
In heraldryHeraldry
Heraldry is the profession, study, or art of creating, granting, and blazoning arms and ruling on questions of rank or protocol, as exercised by an officer of arms. Heraldry comes from Anglo-Norman herald, from the Germanic compound harja-waldaz, "army commander"...
, a charge is an image occupying the field
Field (heraldry)
In heraldry, the background of the shield is called the field. The field is usually composed of one or more tinctures or furs. The field may be divided or may consist of a variegated pattern....
on an escutcheon (or shield). Many coats of arms display a crown as a charge. Most often in order to allude to royal or noble connections of the owner.
See also
- Crown JewelsCrown jewelsCrown jewels are jewels or artifacts of the reigning royal family of their respective country. They belong to monarchs and are passed to the next sovereign to symbolize the right to rule. They may include crowns, sceptres, orbs, swords, rings, and other objects...
- Imperial crownImperial crownAn Imperial Crown is a crown used for the coronation of emperors.- Imperial Crowns with Mitre :-Legal usage:Throughout the Commonwealth Realms, The Crown is an abstract concept which represents the legal authority for the existence of any government...
- List of monarchies
- CoronetCoronetA coronet is a small crown consisting of ornaments fixed on a metal ring. Unlike a crown, a coronet never has arches.The word stems from the Old French coronete, a diminutive of coronne , itself from the Latin corona .Traditionally, such headgear is – as indicated by the German equivalent...