Croix du combattant volontaire 1939–1945
Encyclopedia
The Croix du combattant volontaire 1939–1945 (Combatant Volunteer Cross 1939–1945) is a French decoration that recognizes those who have volunteered to serve in a combat unit during World War II
. It is the World War II equivalent of the Croix du Combattant Volontaire 1914–1918.
On the obverse: a round central medallion with the legend surrounding REPUBLIQUE FRANCAISE:
On the reverse: inside the central medallion, a branch of laurel is surrounded by the inscription: COMBATTANT VOLONTAIRE 1939–1945. The reverse of the 1983 version has no date.
The cross arms are covered with leaves of laurel and oak forming relief.
In this spirit, the candidate for this distinction must provide proof from what he has done is avoluntary act of serving in a combat unit, so that because of his age or his circumstances, he was compelled to any "service obligation" (read "no obligation such "). From what he has in fact been present in a unit recognized fighter, during a specified time.
The Croix du Combattant Volontaire 1939–1945 is considered a war decoration during the review of applications for Légion d'honneur
, la Médaille militaire
and l'Ordre national du Mérite
.
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. It is the World War II equivalent of the Croix du Combattant Volontaire 1914–1918.
History
This decoration is equivalent to that awarded to the soldiers of the First World War. At the request of the associations of veterans the state fixed by Act of February 4, 1953, accompanied by a decree of November 19, 1955, the award Croix du Combattant Volontaire 1939–1945, designated for those who volunteered to serve. In 1983 the original act establishing this award was abolished and replaced by an act that added clasps to the medal, specifying the specific areas of combat. Additional revisions of the act establishing this award in 1995 and 2007 have added a total of five clasps:- Guerre 1939–1945
- Indochine
- Corée
- Afrique du Nord
- Missions extérieures
Description of the medal
A cross with four arms in bronze, 36 mm wide. Engraved by Frédéric De VERNON.On the obverse: a round central medallion with the legend surrounding REPUBLIQUE FRANCAISE:
- Effigy of a helmeted Poilu (World War I infantryman), on a sword drawn vertically on the arms of the cross which is covered with laurel leaves and oak leaves in relief.
On the reverse: inside the central medallion, a branch of laurel is surrounded by the inscription: COMBATTANT VOLONTAIRE 1939–1945. The reverse of the 1983 version has no date.
The cross arms are covered with leaves of laurel and oak forming relief.
Eligibility
The Croix du combattant volontaire was created to honor those who voluntarily participated in an armed conflict, during which they put their lives at risk.In this spirit, the candidate for this distinction must provide proof from what he has done is avoluntary act of serving in a combat unit, so that because of his age or his circumstances, he was compelled to any "service obligation" (read "no obligation such "). From what he has in fact been present in a unit recognized fighter, during a specified time.
The Croix du Combattant Volontaire 1939–1945 is considered a war decoration during the review of applications for Légion d'honneur
Légion d'honneur
The Legion of Honour, or in full the National Order of the Legion of Honour is a French order established by Napoleon Bonaparte, First Consul of the Consulat which succeeded to the First Republic, on 19 May 1802...
, la Médaille militaire
Médaille militaire
The Médaille militaire is a decoration of the French Republic which was first instituted in 1852.-History:The creator of the médaille was the emperor Napoléon III, who may have taken his inspiration in a medal issued by his father, Louis Bonaparte, King of Holland...
and l'Ordre national du Mérite
Ordre National du Mérite
The Ordre national du Mérite is an Order of State awarded by the President of the French Republic. It was founded on 3 December 1963 by President Charles de Gaulle...
.