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Saints Crispin and Crispinian are the Christian patron saints of cobblers
Shoemaking

Shoemaking is a traditional handicraft profession, which has now been largely superseded by industry manufacture of footwear.Shoemakers or cordwainers may produce a range of footwear items, including shoes, boots, sandal s, clogs and Moccasin s....
, tanners
Tanning

Tanning is the process of making leather, which does not easily Decomposition, from the skins of animals, which do. Often this uses tannin, an acidic chemical compound....
, leather
Leather

Leather is a material created through the tanning of rawhides and skins of animals, primarily cattlehide. The tanning process converts the putrescible skin into a durable, long-lasting and versatile natural material for various uses....
 workers and - recently - of leather community
Leather subculture

The leather subculture denotes practices and styles of dress organized around sexual activities and hedonistic eroticism . Wearing leather garments is one way that participants in this culture self-consciously distinguish themselves from mainstream sexual cultures....
 (bikers or other people wearing leather regularly, see also: biker culture). Born to a noble Roman
Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
 family in the 3rd century AD, Saints Crispin and Crispinian, twin brothers, fled persecution for their faith, winding up in Soissons
Soissons

Soissons is a Communes of the Aisne department in the Aisne Departments of France in Picardie in northern France, located on the Aisne River, about 100 kilometres northeast of Paris....
, where they preached Christianity
Christianity

Christianity is a Monotheistic religion #Christian view religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus as New Testament view on Jesus' life....
 to the Gauls
Gauls

The Gauls were a Continental Celtic Celts people of Classical Antiquity, the inhabitants of Gaul , and speakers of the Gaulish language.Archaeologically, they were the bearers of the La T?ne culture ....
 and made shoes by night.






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Saints Crispin and Crispinian are the Christian patron saints of cobblers
Shoemaking

Shoemaking is a traditional handicraft profession, which has now been largely superseded by industry manufacture of footwear.Shoemakers or cordwainers may produce a range of footwear items, including shoes, boots, sandal s, clogs and Moccasin s....
, tanners
Tanning

Tanning is the process of making leather, which does not easily Decomposition, from the skins of animals, which do. Often this uses tannin, an acidic chemical compound....
, leather
Leather

Leather is a material created through the tanning of rawhides and skins of animals, primarily cattlehide. The tanning process converts the putrescible skin into a durable, long-lasting and versatile natural material for various uses....
 workers and - recently - of leather community
Leather subculture

The leather subculture denotes practices and styles of dress organized around sexual activities and hedonistic eroticism . Wearing leather garments is one way that participants in this culture self-consciously distinguish themselves from mainstream sexual cultures....
 (bikers or other people wearing leather regularly, see also: biker culture). Born to a noble Roman
Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
 family in the 3rd century AD, Saints Crispin and Crispinian, twin brothers, fled persecution for their faith, winding up in Soissons
Soissons

Soissons is a Communes of the Aisne department in the Aisne Departments of France in Picardie in northern France, located on the Aisne River, about 100 kilometres northeast of Paris....
, where they preached Christianity
Christianity

Christianity is a Monotheistic religion #Christian view religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus as New Testament view on Jesus' life....
 to the Gauls
Gauls

The Gauls were a Continental Celtic Celts people of Classical Antiquity, the inhabitants of Gaul , and speakers of the Gaulish language.Archaeologically, they were the bearers of the La T?ne culture ....
 and made shoes by night. Their success attracted the ire of Rictus Varus, the governor of Belgic Gaul, who had them torture
Torture

Torture, according to the United Nations Convention Against Torture, is:In addition to state-sponsored torture, individuals or groups may be motivated to inflict torture on others for similar reasons to those of a state; however, the motive for torture can also be for the sadism gratification of the torturer, as was the case in the Moors M...
d and beheaded
Decapitation

Decapitation , or beheading, is the cutting off of the head of a person or animal. Beheading typically refers to the act of intentional decapitation, e.g., as a means of murder or capital punishment; it may be accomplished, for example, with an axe, sword, knife, wire, or by means of a guillotine....
 c. 286. In the 6th century, a church was built in their honour at Soissons. Crispian and Crispinian are also associated with the town of Faversham
Faversham

Faversham is a town in Kent, England, in the district of Swale, roughly halfway between Sittingbourne and Canterbury. The parish of Faversham includes an ancient sea port and market town, some 48 miles east of London, off the London to Dover A2 road , 18 miles east north-east of Maidstone and 9 miles west of Canterbury....
 in Kent
Kent

Kent is a Counties of England in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the River Thames estuary....
. In early 2007 the parish church of St Mary of Charity dedicated an altar to Crispin and Crispinian in the South aisle of the church.

The supposed tombs of the saints are in Rome in the church of San Lorenzo in Panisperna
San Lorenzo in Panisperna

San Lorenzo in Panisperna, or San Lorenzo in Formosa is a church on Via Panisperna, Rome. It was built on the site of its Saint Lawrence's martyrdom....
.

Status as saints

The feast day of Saints Crispin and Crispinian is celebrated on October 25. The feast is a 'Black Letter Saints' Day' in the calendar
Calendar

A calendar is a system of organize days for a social, religious, commercial or administrative purpose. This organization is done by giving names to periods of time ? typically days, weeks, months and years....
 of the Anglican Book of Common Prayer
Book of Common Prayer

The Book of Common Prayer is the common title of a number of prayer books of the Church of England and used throughout the Anglican Communion. The first book, published in 1549 , in the reign of Edward VI of England, was a product of the English Reformation following the break with Roman Catholic Church....
 (1662) and a 'commemoration' in Common Worship
Common Worship

Common Worship is the name given to the series of services authorised by the General Synod of the Church of England and launched on the first Sunday of Advent in 2000....
 (2000). It is still celebrated in many churches of The Church of England.

Their role as shoemakers, their relationship as twins, and the timing of their holiday are suggestive of the possibility that they could have represented a local Celtic
Celtic mythology

Celts mythology is the mythology of Celtic polytheism, apparently the religion of the Iron Age Celts. Like other Iron Age Europeans, the early Celts maintained a polytheistic mythology and religious structure....
 deity (Lugus-Mercurius
Celtic polytheism

Celtic polytheism, sometimes known as Celtic paganism, refers to the religious beliefs and practises of the ancient Celts of western Europe prior to Christianisation....
) which had been made into a saint
Saint

A saint in Christianity is a human being who has been called to holiness. The term is used differently by various denominations, with some, such as the Anglicans, Methodists, and Lutherans distinguishing between Saints and saints....
 as a result of syncretism
Syncretism

Syncretism consists of the attempt to reconcile disparate or contrary beliefs, often while melding practices of various schools of thought. The term may refer to attempts to merge and analogy several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, and thus assert an underlying unity allowing for an inclu...
.

Martyrdom of Ss Crispin and Crepinien
On Oct 28. 2007, Toronto's St Peter's Anglican Church celebrated a service which appropriated the pair of saints as .

The St Crispin's Day Speech

Crispin is perhaps best known for lending his name to the famous speech given by the eponymous king
Henry V of England

Henry V was one of the most significant English warrior kings of the 15th century. He was born at Monmouth, Wales, in the tower above the gatehouse of Monmouth Castle, and reigned as King of England from 1413 to 1422....
 in Shakespeare's Henry V
Henry V (play)

Henry V is a history play by William Shakespeare, believed to be written in 1599. It is based on the life of King Henry V of England, and focuses on events immediately before and after the Battle of Agincourt during the Hundred Years' War....
 before the Battle of Agincourt
Battle of Agincourt

The Battle of Agincourt was an English victory against a much larger French army in the Hundred Years' War. The battle occurred on Friday 25 October 1415 ...
 (which occurred on 25 October 1415, though the speech was not written until 1599). In the speech, Crispinian's name is spelled Crispian, perhaps not only reflecting London pronunciation in Shakespeare's time, but also more compatible with Shakespeare's lines in iambic pentameter
Iambic pentameter

Iambic pentameter is a type of meter that is used in poetry and drama. It describes a particular rhythm that the words establish in each Line ....
 form.

A partial text of the speech is:

King Henry V:

Appearance in popular culture

  • The English
    England

    native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
     town of Northampton
    Northampton

    Northampton is a large market town and Non-metropolitan district in the East Midlands region of England. It is about north-west of London and around south-east of Birmingham, and lies on the River Nene....
     had an annual street fair
    St Crispin Street Fair

    The St Crispin Street Fair was an annual fun fair held in town centre streets of Northampton, England organised by the Northampton Borough Council, at the time controlled by the Labour Party ....
     named for St Crispin.
  • An edited version of the speech was recited by 'Mr. Fabian' (played by Billy Zane
    Billy Zane

    William George "Billy" Zane, Jr. is an American actor and film director. He is best recognized for his role as List_of_characters_in_Titanic_#Fictional_characters in the 1997 Blockbuster film Titanic , as the deranged psychopath Hughie Warriner in Dead Calm , John Justice Wheeler in Twin Peaks, as The Phantom in the 1996 The Pha...
    ) in the 1993 movie Tombstone
    Tombstone (film)

    Tombstone is a 1993 Western movie written by Kevin Jarre and directed by its star Kurt Russell, with credited director George P. Cosmatos ghost-directing....
    .
  • In Age of Empires II: The Conquerors
    Age of Empires II: The Conquerors

    Age of Empires II: The Conquerors Expansion is the expansion pack to the 1999 real-time strategy game Age of Empires II: The Age of Kings....
     Expansion, the one-part mission "Agincourt" features a narration of selections from the speech.
  • The entire speech was recited in the 1994 movie Renaissance Man.
  • "Band of Brothers
    Band of Brothers

    Band of Brothers is a ten-part television World War II miniseries based on the book of the same title written by historian and biographer Stephen Ambrose....
    ", a book and mini-series written by Stephen Ambrose
    Stephen Ambrose

    Stephen Edward Ambrose was an American historian and biographer of U.S. Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower and Richard Nixon. He was a long time professor of history at the University of New Orleans....
    .
  • Parts of the ends of the speech were used in a PlayStation 3
    PlayStation 3

    The PlayStation 3 is the third home video game console produced by Sony Computer Entertainment, and the successor to the PlayStation 2 as part of the PlayStation ....
     commercial.
  • This poem is shown in the closing credits of Boston Legal
    Boston Legal

    Boston Legal is an American legal drama-comedy created by David E. Kelley, which originally ran on American Broadcasting Company from October 3, 2004 to December 8, 2008....
    .
  • The speech is referenced and parodied ("We few, we happy few. We band of buggered."), in the 5th season finale of Buffy the Vampire Slayer.
  • In the Touched by an Angel
    Touched by an Angel

    Touched by an Angel is an United States drama television series that chronicles the missions of a group of angels sent by God. Created by John Masius and produced by Martha Williamson , it ran on CBS for nine seasons, from September 21, 1994 to April 27, 2003, and aired in many countries all around the world....
     episode titled "The Penalty Box," the speech is first taught to, then understood by a hockey team captain, who uses a version of it to rally his team.
  • The ending of the speech is used several times in the movie Rough Riders
    Rough Riders (film)

    Rough Riders is a 1997 three hour television miniseries about Theodore Roosevelt and the regiment . The series chronicles the major land battles of the Spanish-American War of 1898....
    .
  • The saints are mentioned in the novel Azincourt by Bernard Cornwell
  • Paraphrased in the dedication page of the book; "Eat Right For Your Type" by Dr.Peter D'Adamo
  • Referred to multiple times in the Episode called 'Thespis' of the TV series 'Sports Night' (Season 1 Episode 8).


Further reading



External links



Footnotes