Coutts
Encyclopedia
Coutts & Co. is one of the UK's private banking
Private banking
Private banking is banking, investment and other financial services provided by banks to private individuals investing sizable assets. The term "private" refers to the customer service being rendered on a more personal basis than in mass-market retail banking, usually via dedicated bank advisers...

 houses, now wholly owned by the Royal Bank of Scotland
Royal Bank of Scotland
The Royal Bank of Scotland Group is a British banking and insurance holding company in which the UK Government holds an 84% stake. This stake is held and managed through UK Financial Investments Limited, whose voting rights are limited to 75% in order for the bank to retain its listing on the...

 (RBS). RBS acquired Coutts and all of its overseas subsidiaries when it bought NatWest. On 1 January 2008, Coutts' international businesses were renamed RBS Coutts, aligning them more closely with the parent RBS Group. Coutts offers a range of private banking services, including investment and wealth management and advisory services.

History

The bank which was to become Coutts & Co, was originally known as Campbells Bank.
It was formed in 1692 by a young Scots goldsmith-banker, John Campbell of Lundie, Scotland. He set up business in Strand
Strand, London
Strand is a street in the City of Westminster, London, England. The street is just over three-quarters of a mile long. It currently starts at Trafalgar Square and runs east to join Fleet Street at Temple Bar, which marks the boundary of the City of London at this point, though its historical length...

, London, under a sign of the Three Crowns
Three Crowns
Three Crowns is a national emblem of Sweden, present in the Coat of Arms of the Realm of Sweden, and composed by three yellow or gilded coronets ordered two above and one below, placed on a blue background....

. Today, the Coutts logo still has the three crowns, and its headquarters is still in Strand.

Campbell died in 1712, leaving the business to members of his family. The dominant force was Campbell's son in law, George Middleton, who had become Campbell's partner in 1708.
During the years of Middleton's stewardship, the bank was going downhill, buffeted by one crisis after another. The Jacobite revolution of 1715 threatened the stability of the banking system, John Law
John Law (economist)
John Law was a Scottish economist who believed that money was only a means of exchange that did not constitute wealth in itself and that national wealth depended on trade...

, the Comptroller of France's finances, owed a great deal of money to the bank when the Mississippi Company
Mississippi Company
The "Mississippi Company" became the "Company of the West" and expanded as the "Company of the Indies" .-The Banque Royale:...

 bubble burst in 1720 and the English stock market collapsed in the same year. Stability for the bank did not return until 1735.
John's son, George Campbell was also a partner, and ultimately became the sole partner after the death of Middleton in 1747, after which the bank was renamed the "Bankers of 59 Strand".

In 1755, John Campbell's granddaughter, Mary (known as "Polly"), married a merchant, James Coutts
James Coutts
James Coutts or Jim Coutts may refer to:* Jim Coutts , Canadian lawyer, businessman, and former advisor to two Prime Ministers* James Coutts , English professional footballer...

. Polly was George Campbell's niece and George immediately made James a partner. The bank was renamed Campbell & Coutts. James ran the business. Following Polly's and George's deaths in 1760, James became the sole partner. George bequeathed most of his fortune, and the bank, to James.

Throughout the 20th century, Coutts opened more branches. The first West End branch outside 440 Strand was opened in 1921 in Park Lane. It was not until 1961 that the Bank moved outside the capital, opening its first out-of-town branch at Eton
Eton, Berkshire
Eton is a town and civil parish in Berkshire, England, lying on the opposite bank of the River Thames to Windsor and connected to it by Windsor Bridge. The parish also includes the large village of Eton Wick, 2 miles west of the town, and has a population of 4,980. Eton was in Buckinghamshire until...

.

Coutts embraced modern technology, becoming one of the first banks to bring in machine-posted ledgers at the end of the 1920s. In 1963 it was the first British bank to have a fully computerised accounting system. In 1987, Coutts gained international representation when Coutts established operations in Geneva
Geneva
Geneva In the national languages of Switzerland the city is known as Genf , Ginevra and Genevra is the second-most-populous city in Switzerland and is the most populous city of Romandie, the French-speaking part of Switzerland...

. In October 1990, Coutts and NatWest decided to strengthen their representation internationally and the Coutts Group was created when subsidiaries already owned by Coutts and NatWest (including Handelsbank) were merged.

The acquisition of the NatWest Group in 2000 established Coutts as the private banking arm of The Royal Bank of Scotland Group

Thomas Coutts

In 1761 James took his brother Thomas Coutts
Thomas Coutts
Thomas Coutts was an Anglo-Scottish banker who was the founder of the banking house of Coutts & Co.He was the fourth son of John Coutts , who carried on business in Edinburgh as a corn factor and negotiator of bills of exchange, and who in 1742 was elected lord provost of the city...

 in to the business, which was now named James and Thomas Coutts.

James and Thomas did not always get on and eventually James drifted into politics, leaving the running of the bank to Thomas. James retired from the bank in 1775 due to ill health. The bank in the Strand became known as Thomas Coutts & Co.

Thomas Coutts married twice. His first wife, a servant named Susannah Starkie, was considered to be beneath his station. She gave him three beautiful daughters nicknamed "The Three Graces" who eventually married leading figures in British society: the Earl of Guildford, the Marquess of Bute
John Stuart, 1st Marquess of Bute
John Stuart, 1st Marquess of Bute, PC, FRS was a British nobleman.He was the son of the 3rd Earl of Bute and the former Mary Wortley Montagu, a granddaughter of the 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull and great-granddaughter of the 1st Earl of Sandwich...

 and Sir Francis Burdett. Thomas also had four sons who died in infancy. When Susannah died, he remarried just four days after the funeral. Thomas Coutts was 80 years old, and his new wife, Harriot Mellon, was 40 years younger and an actress, which stirred considerable comment. On Thomas' death in 1822 the bank was renamed "Coutts & Co."

Thomas' widow, Harriot, inherited £900,000 from Thomas along with the bank. Although she did not get on with her stepdaughters, she wanted to keep the bank in the Coutts family. Harriot died in 1837. In her will, the Coutts fortune was passed on to Thomas's granddaughter, Angela Burdett, the daughter of Sophie Coutts and Sir Francis Burdett. The will contained three conditions: Firstly the bank was to be held in Trust
Trust law
In common law legal systems, a trust is a relationship whereby property is held by one party for the benefit of another...

, secondly that the heir should take the name of Coutts, and thirdly that the heir may never marry a foreigner.

Angela Burdett-Coutts

Upon receipt of her staggering inheritance Angela Burdett-Coutts became the wealthiest woman in Britain. She devoted her life to philanthropy, giving away more than £3 million. Her charity ranged widely: she supported the Anglican Church and the arts, but the main thrust of her charity was directed toward improving the lives of the poor. A sewing school in Spitalfields, cotton gins in Nigeria, boats and nets for the Irish fishing industry and ragged schools in the poorest sections of cities were but a few of her projects. Gladstone
William Ewart Gladstone
William Ewart Gladstone FRS FSS was a British Liberal statesman. In a career lasting over sixty years, he served as Prime Minister four separate times , more than any other person. Gladstone was also Britain's oldest Prime Minister, 84 years old when he resigned for the last time...

 the Prime Minister and Queen Victoria resolved to acknowledge her philanthropic spirit formally.

Thus in 1871 she was granted a peerage in her own right: Baroness Burdett-Coutts of Highgate and Brookfield in the County of Middlesex. In 1880 it became known that the Baroness wished to marry her young American secretary William Ashmead-Bartlett, who was her junior by forty years. The partners of the bank were aghast at the prospect of such a marriage, as were many dignitaries. They saw Bartlett as an adventurer, only interested in her money. The Archbishop of Canterbury
Archbishop of Canterbury
The Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion, and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury. In his role as head of the Anglican Communion, the archbishop leads the third largest group...

 attempted to try and dissuade such a marriage from occurring. Even Queen Victoria, with whom the Baroness had often dined, intervened to try and prevent what she called the "mad marriage". In a letter the Queen wrote to Lord Harrowby
Dudley Ryder, 3rd Earl of Harrowby
Dudley Francis Stuart Ryder, 3rd Earl of Harrowby PC, DL, JP , known as Viscount Sandon from 1847 to 1882, was a British peer and politician.-Political career:...

 she stated that it would grieve her much "if Lady Burdett-Coutts were to sacrifice her high reputation and her happiness by such an unsuitable marriage". This letter was passed on to Angela who asked Lord Harrowby to reply that he had no knowledge of the subject alluded to—quite a snub to the Queen. One potential stumbling block to the marriage was her step-grandmother's (Harriot's) will which forbade marriage to an alien, and as Bartlett was an American the marriage would cause her to be disinherited. Clara, her sister would have been next in line and would have succeeded in her place. Clara was persuaded by Angela to waive her right. However, Clara's son Francis (known as Frank), was not so easily persuaded, and consulted his lawyers thinking he might dissuade the marriage by insisting on their rights. Finally Bartlett himself, in the face of immense pressure from society, offered to release the Baroness from his offer of Marriage. However, the Baroness remained determined and refused to release Bartlett from his promise, in spite of various scandalous accusations being made against him involving another woman, and even the fathering of an illegitimate baby.

In February 1881, at the age of 67, the Baroness broke the terms of the will by marrying the foreigner in Christ Church, Down Street, Piccadilly. The partners of the bank rushed to re-assure the press that Angela was neither a partner in the bank, nor could she touch the capital. An argument sprang up over the inheritance and in particular over whether the Baroness should give up the bank in favour of her sister Clara. The Baroness fought back claiming that Bartlett was only half American and therefore not technically an "alien". Angela's sister, Clara, claimed the fortune, and the bitter dispute continued. In anticipation of victory, Clara and her son Frank took the name "Coutts" as required by the will. Finally a compromise was struck and the majority of the Coutts fortune passed to Clara and her heirs. However Angela kept two fifths of the income until her death in 1906.

Clara Burdett, who had married James Money in 1850 became Clara Burdett Money-Coutts. Her son Francis' full name became Francis Burdett Thomas Nevill Money-Coutts. He was better known as Francis (or Frank) Coutts, a writer and poet. He became 5th Baron Latymer in 1913 and died in 1923.

The following appeared in Punch
Punch (magazine)
Punch, or the London Charivari was a British weekly magazine of humour and satire established in 1841 by Henry Mayhew and engraver Ebenezer Landells. Historically, it was most influential in the 1840s and 50s, when it helped to coin the term "cartoon" in its modern sense as a humorous illustration...

 at the time:-
Money takes the name of Coutts,
Superfluous and fimny*,
For everyone considers Coutts,
Synonymous with Money.

[Vere Carpenter]

* "fimny" is assumed to be a mis-type of "funny".

The Panic of 1890
Panic of 1890
The Panic of 1890 was an acute depression, although less serious than other panics of the era. It was precipitated by the near insolvency of Barings Bank in London. Barings, led by Edward Baring, 1st Baron Revelstoke, faced bankruptcy in November 1890 due mainly to excessive risk-taking on poor...

 forced the bank to change from a Limited company
Limited company
A limited company is a company in which the liability of the members or subscribers of the company is limited to what they have invested or guaranteed to the company. Limited companies may be limited by shares or by guarantee. And the former of these, a limited company limited by shares, may be...

 to a Partnership
Partnership
A partnership is an arrangement where parties agree to cooperate to advance their mutual interests.Since humans are social beings, partnerships between individuals, businesses, interest-based organizations, schools, governments, and varied combinations thereof, have always been and remain commonplace...

. At that time, limited liability was seen as risky by depositors. As a partnership, the Coutts family would have been personally liable to any depositor for his bank deposit in a crisis. Fortunately, there was no crisis.

In 1904, the bank moved to its current premises at 440 Strand. In 1914 Coutts took over the bank of Roberts, Lubbock & Co, obtaining a branch office and a clearing house seat in the process.

In 1919, Coutts merged with the National Provincial & Union Bank of England
National Provincial Bank
National Provincial Bank was a British retail bank which operated in England and Wales from 1833 until its merger into the National Westminster Bank in 1970; it remains a registered company but is dormant...

 whilst retaining the name "Coutts". In 1961 the first branch outside London was opened in Eton, Berkshire
Eton, Berkshire
Eton is a town and civil parish in Berkshire, England, lying on the opposite bank of the River Thames to Windsor and connected to it by Windsor Bridge. The parish also includes the large village of Eton Wick, 2 miles west of the town, and has a population of 4,980. Eton was in Buckinghamshire until...

. In 1969 Coutts became part of the National Westminster Bank
National Westminster Bank
National Westminster Bank Plc, commonly known as NatWest, is the largest retail and commercial bank in the United Kingdom and has been part of The Royal Bank of Scotland Group Plc since 2000. The Royal Bank of Scotland Group is ranked as the second largest bank in the world by assets...

.

Francis Burdett Coutts's great grandson, Sir David Burdett Money-Coutts, became chairman in 1976, retiring in 1993, leaving his cousin Crispin Money-Coutts (heir to the title Baron Latymer), as the last remaining Coutts name until 1999 when Crispin resigned.

In 2000, National Westminster Bank was purchased by the Royal Bank of Scotland
Royal Bank of Scotland
The Royal Bank of Scotland Group is a British banking and insurance holding company in which the UK Government holds an 84% stake. This stake is held and managed through UK Financial Investments Limited, whose voting rights are limited to 75% in order for the bank to retain its listing on the...

 in one of the largest corporate transactions ever in the European banking sector. Today Coutts is the Wealth division of RBS and still has its headquarters at 440 Strand, London, with branches throughout the UK and the rest of the world.

In November 2011, BBC Two broadcast When Bankers Were Good hosted by Ian Hislop
Ian Hislop
Ian David Hislop is a British journalist, satirist, comedian, writer, broadcaster and editor of the satirical magazine Private Eye...

. The film about the colourful Victorian financiers whose spectacular philanthropy shows that banking wasn't always associated with greed or self-serving financial recklessness. The film features an extensive profile of Angela Burdett-Coutts, who became an overnight celebrity after she inherited the enormous Coutts fortune. With her love of small dogs and her vast stash, she could have been the Paris Hilton
Paris Hilton
Paris Whitney Hilton is an American businesswoman, heiress, and socialite. She is a great-granddaughter of Conrad Hilton . Hilton is known for her controversial participation in a sex tape in 2003, and appearance on the television series The Simple Life alongside fellow socialite and childhood...

 of her day. Instead, she went on to become a great philanthropist.

Locations

Coutts has offices across the UK and world-wide. There are 28 offices in the UK as well as offices in Zurich, Berne, Geneva and Lugano, Hong Kong, Montevideo, Singapore, Dubai, Jersey, Isle of Man, Monaco and Cayman Islands.

All location information is available on the Coutts website.

UK Offices - London

Cadogan Place, Canary Wharf, St. Mary Axe, Cavendish Square, Fleet Street and the head office at 440 Strand.

UK Offices - outside London

Birmingham, Bournemouth, Bristol, Cambridge, Cardiff, Chelmsford, Cheltenham, Eton, Exeter, Guildford, Hampshire, Leeds, Liverpool, Manchester, Milton Keynes, Newcastle upon Tyne, Norwich, Nottingham, Oxford, Reading, Sheffield, Tunbridge Wells.

Management

  • Chairman of Coutts & Co. David Douglas-Home, 15th Earl of Home
    David Douglas-Home, 15th Earl of Home
    David Alexander Cospatrick Douglas-Home, 15th Earl of Home, CVO, CBE is a Scottish peer, the only son of former Conservative Prime Minister Sir Alec Douglas-Home...

  • Chief Executive of Coutts & Co. Michael Morley
  • Chief Executive of RBS Coutts International (RBS Coutts Bank Ltd.) Alexander Classen


Since 1st November 2011, RBS Coutts has been renamed Coutts & Co Ltd.

Customers

Historically Coutts was a clearing bank to the landed gentry, but today they are seen as wealth managers sometimes willing to accept a wider class of clientele, including entrepreneurs, entertainers, sportsmen, businessmen, chief executives and pop singers. There are however stringent requirements to being accepted as a client, not just based on average and total financial assets. Prospective clients need at least £500,000 (US$800,000) in 'disposable funds', not including houses.

Coutts is known as a bank for the rich and famous of British society and is highly secretive about its client list.

They have a regular presence at the annual Cannes Film Festival
Cannes Film Festival
The Cannes International Film Festival , is an annual film festival held in Cannes, France, which previews new films of all genres including documentaries from around the world. Founded in 1946, it is among the world's most prestigious and publicized film festivals...

 and have replaced their famous 'World Signia' charge card with a 'Purple' charge card
Charge card
A charge card is a card that provides an alternative payment to cash when making purchases in which the issuer and the cardholder enter into an agreement that the debt incurred on the charge account will be paid in full and by due date or be subject to severe late fees and restrictions on card...

, designed by Savile Row
Savile Row
Savile Row is a shopping street in Mayfair, central London, famous for its traditional men's bespoke tailoring. The term "bespoke" is understood to have originated in Savile Row when cloth for a suit was said to "be spoken for" by individual customers...

 tailor Ozwald Boateng
Ozwald Boateng
Ozwald Boateng OBE is a British-born fashion designer of Ghanaian descent, known for his trade mark twist style on classic British tailoring. Inspired by his father's suits, Boateng opened his first shop on Savile Row at the age of 23.-Biography:...

.

Coutts use of Social Media

Coutts has used many of the popular social networks to communicate with it's clients as well as a wider audience. Coutts started using Twitter in 2008 and has since grown to use Youtube, Foursquare and Facebook.
Follow Coutts on Twitter
Coutts on Facebook
Watch Coutts on Youtube
Coutts on Foursquare

See also

  • RBS Coutts
  • Adam and Company
    Adam and Company
    Adam and Company Plc is a private banking house based in the United Kingdom, part of the Royal Bank of Scotland Group. It offers a range of private banking services including investment management and advisory services to customers in the UK and overseas....

  • Child & Co
    Child & Co
    Child & Co. is a private banking house in the United Kingdom, part of the Royal Bank of Scotland Group. It is based at 1 Fleet Street in the City of London....

  • Drummonds Bank
    Drummonds Bank
    Messrs. Drummond is an English private banking house founded in 1717 by goldsmith Andrew Drummond . Drummonds Bank was owned by the Drummond family until 1924, when it was taken over by the Royal Bank of Scotland in its first acquisition south of the border.The bank offers a variety of services to...


- other private banks owned by The Royal Bank of Scotland Group

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
x
OK