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The Governorate of Courland, also known as the Province of Courland, Governorate of Kurland (; ), and Government of Courland , was one of the Baltic provinces or governorate
Guberniya

Guberniya was a major administrative subdivision of Imperial Russia, usually translated as government, governorate, or province. A guberniya was ruled by a governor or , a word borrowed from Latin , in turn from Greek ....
s of the Russian Empire
Russian Empire

File:Russian Emperor Flag.jpgFile:Romanov Flag.svgThe Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917....
, now part of the Republic of Latvia.

The governorate was created in 1795 out of the territory of the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia
Duchy of Courland and Semigallia

The Duchy of Courland and Semigallia is the name of a duchy in the Baltic states that existed from 1562 to 1791 as a vassal state of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth....
 that was incorporated into the Russian Empire as the province of Courland with its capital at Jelgava
Jelgava

Jelgava is a city in central Latvia about 41 km southwest of Riga with 66,087 inhabitants . It is the largest town in Zemgale. Jelgava is known as the former capital of the Duchy of Courland, and was the capital of the Courland region until 1919....
 (called Mitau at the time), following the third partition
Partitions of Poland

The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth....
 of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

The Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth was one of the largest and most populous countries in 16th and 17th-century Europe, formed by a Union of Lublin of Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1569....
.

The governorate was bounded in north by the Baltic Sea
Baltic Sea

The Baltic Sea is a brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53?N to 66?N latitude and from 20?E to 26?E longitude. It is bounded by the Scandinavian Peninsula, the mainland of Europe, and the Denmark islands....
, the Gulf of Riga
Gulf of Riga

The Gulf of Riga, or Bay of Riga, is a Headlands and bays of the Baltic Sea between Latvia and Estonia.The area of the Gulf of Riga is about 18,000 km?....
 and the Governorate of Livonia; west by the Baltic Sea; south by the Vilna Governorate
Vilna Governorate

The Viln? Governorate or Government of Vilna was a governorate of the Russian Empire created after the Partitions of Poland #Third Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1795....
 and Prussia
Prussia

Prussia was, most recently, a historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. This state had for centuries substantial influence on Germany and European history....
 and east by the Vitebsk Governorate and Minsk Governorate
Minsk Governorate

The Minsk Governorate or Government of Minsk was a governorate of the Russian Empire. The seat was in Minsk. It was created in 1793 from the land acquired in the partitions of Poland, and lasted until the fall of Russian Empire in 1917....
.






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The Governorate of Courland, also known as the Province of Courland, Governorate of Kurland (; ), and Government of Courland , was one of the Baltic provinces or governorate
Guberniya

Guberniya was a major administrative subdivision of Imperial Russia, usually translated as government, governorate, or province. A guberniya was ruled by a governor or , a word borrowed from Latin , in turn from Greek ....
s of the Russian Empire
Russian Empire

File:Russian Emperor Flag.jpgFile:Romanov Flag.svgThe Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917....
, now part of the Republic of Latvia.

The governorate was created in 1795 out of the territory of the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia
Duchy of Courland and Semigallia

The Duchy of Courland and Semigallia is the name of a duchy in the Baltic states that existed from 1562 to 1791 as a vassal state of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth....
 that was incorporated into the Russian Empire as the province of Courland with its capital at Jelgava
Jelgava

Jelgava is a city in central Latvia about 41 km southwest of Riga with 66,087 inhabitants . It is the largest town in Zemgale. Jelgava is known as the former capital of the Duchy of Courland, and was the capital of the Courland region until 1919....
 (called Mitau at the time), following the third partition
Partitions of Poland

The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth....
 of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

The Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth was one of the largest and most populous countries in 16th and 17th-century Europe, formed by a Union of Lublin of Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1569....
.

The governorate was bounded in north by the Baltic Sea
Baltic Sea

The Baltic Sea is a brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53?N to 66?N latitude and from 20?E to 26?E longitude. It is bounded by the Scandinavian Peninsula, the mainland of Europe, and the Denmark islands....
, the Gulf of Riga
Gulf of Riga

The Gulf of Riga, or Bay of Riga, is a Headlands and bays of the Baltic Sea between Latvia and Estonia.The area of the Gulf of Riga is about 18,000 km?....
 and the Governorate of Livonia; west by the Baltic Sea; south by the Vilna Governorate
Vilna Governorate

The Viln? Governorate or Government of Vilna was a governorate of the Russian Empire created after the Partitions of Poland #Third Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1795....
 and Prussia
Prussia

Prussia was, most recently, a historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. This state had for centuries substantial influence on Germany and European history....
 and east by the Vitebsk Governorate and Minsk Governorate
Minsk Governorate

The Minsk Governorate or Government of Minsk was a governorate of the Russian Empire. The seat was in Minsk. It was created in 1793 from the land acquired in the partitions of Poland, and lasted until the fall of Russian Empire in 1917....
. The population in 1846 was estimated at 553,300.

It ceased to exist during the World War I
World War I

World War I, or the First World War , was a global military conflict which involved the Great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War I and the Central Powers....
 after the German Empire
German Empire

The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from the unification of Germany and proclamation of William I, German Emperor as German Emperor on 18 January 1871, to 1918, when it became Weimar republic after defeat in World War I and the abdication of William II, German Emperor ....
 took control of the region in 1915. Russia surrendered the territory by the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty signed on March 3, 1918, at Brest-Litovsk between the Russian SFSR and the Central Powers, marking Russia's exit from World War I....
 on March 3, 1918.

See also

  • Reval Governorate
    Reval Governorate

    The Governorate of Estonia or Estland, also known as the Government of Estonia or Province of Estonia, was a guberniya of the Russian Empire in what is now northern Estonia....
  • Riga Governorate
    Riga Governorate

    The Governorate of Livonia or Livland, also known as the Government of Livonia or Province of Livonia, was a guberniya of the Imperial Russia, now divided between the Republic of Latvia and the Republic of Estonia....
  • Saint Petersburg Governorate
    Saint Petersburg Governorate

    Saint Petersburg Governorate or Government of Saint Petersburg was a governorate of the Russian Empire.Together with seven other governorates, it was established by Tsar Peter I of Russia's edict as Ingermanland Governorate on December 29 , 1708 out of territories conquered from the Swedish Empire in the Great Northern...
  • Courland
    Courland

    Courland is one of the cultural and historical regions of Latvia. The regions of Semigallia and Selonia are sometimes considered as part of Courland....