The
corpus striatum (striated body) is a compound structure consisting of the
caudate nucleusThe caudate nucleus is a nucleus located within the basal ganglia of the brains of many animal species. The caudate nucleus is an important part of the brain's learning and memory system.-Anatomy:...
and the
lentiform nucleusThe lentiform nucleus or lenticular nucleus comprises the putamen and the globus pallidus within the basal ganglia. It is a large, cone-shaped mass of gray matter just lateral to the internal capsule.-Etymology:...
, which consists of the
putamenThe putamen is a round structure located at the base of the forebrain . The putamen and caudate nucleus together form the dorsal striatum. It is also one of the structures that comprises the basal ganglia. Through various pathways, the putamen is connected to the substantia nigra and globus pallidus...
and the
globus pallidusThe globus pallidus is a sub-cortical structure of the brain. It is a major element of the basal ganglia system. In this system, it is a major constituent of the basal ganglia core, which consists of the striatum and its direct targets: globus pallidus and substantia nigra...
.
The term has been used in a few different ways:
- It is a pair of nuclear masses which form the basal ganglia
The basal ganglia are a group of nuclei in the brains of vertebrates, situated at the base of the forebrain and strongly connected with the cerebral cortex, thalamus and other areas. The basal ganglia are associated with a variety of functions, including motor control and learning...
, along with the subthalamic nucleusThe subthalamic nucleus is a small lens-shaped nucleus in the brain where it is a part of the basal ganglia system. As suggested by its name, the subthalamic nucleus is located ventral to the thalamus. It is also dorsal to the substantia nigra and medial to the internal capsule...
and the substantia nigraThe substantia nigra is a brain structure located in the mesencephalon that plays an important role in reward, addiction, and movement. Substantia nigra is Latin for "black substance", as parts of the substantia nigra appear darker than neighboring areas due to high levels of melanin in...
.
- It may also refer to both the basal ganglia and internal capsule
The internal capsule is an area of white matter in the brain that separates the caudate nucleus and the thalamus from the lenticular nucleus. The internal capsule contains both ascending and descending axons....
collectively.
- According to the 1917 version of Gray's Anatomy
Henry Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body, commonly shortened to Gray's Anatomy, is an English-language human anatomy textbook widely regarded as a classic work on the subject....
, it is the combination of the lentiform nucleusThe lentiform nucleus or lenticular nucleus comprises the putamen and the globus pallidus within the basal ganglia. It is a large, cone-shaped mass of gray matter just lateral to the internal capsule.-Etymology:...
(also known as the lenticular nucleus) and the caudate nucleusThe caudate nucleus is a nucleus located within the basal ganglia of the brains of many animal species. The caudate nucleus is an important part of the brain's learning and memory system.-Anatomy:...
- According to BrainInfo it is a part of the basal ganglia comprising the globus pallidus
The globus pallidus is a sub-cortical structure of the brain. It is a major element of the basal ganglia system. In this system, it is a major constituent of the basal ganglia core, which consists of the striatum and its direct targets: globus pallidus and substantia nigra...
and striatumThe striatum also known as striate body or striate nucleus is a subcortical part of the telencephalon/cerebrum. It is the major input station of the basal ganglia system...
.
From lateral to medial, the corpus striatum is composed of the external capsule (white matter), the lentiform nucleus (gray matter), the internal capsule (white matter), and the caudate nucleus (gray matter).
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The
corpus striatum (striated body) is a compound structure consisting of the
caudate nucleusThe caudate nucleus is a nucleus located within the basal ganglia of the brains of many animal species. The caudate nucleus is an important part of the brain's learning and memory system.-Anatomy:...
and the
lentiform nucleusThe lentiform nucleus or lenticular nucleus comprises the putamen and the globus pallidus within the basal ganglia. It is a large, cone-shaped mass of gray matter just lateral to the internal capsule.-Etymology:...
, which consists of the
putamenThe putamen is a round structure located at the base of the forebrain . The putamen and caudate nucleus together form the dorsal striatum. It is also one of the structures that comprises the basal ganglia. Through various pathways, the putamen is connected to the substantia nigra and globus pallidus...
and the
globus pallidusThe globus pallidus is a sub-cortical structure of the brain. It is a major element of the basal ganglia system. In this system, it is a major constituent of the basal ganglia core, which consists of the striatum and its direct targets: globus pallidus and substantia nigra...
.
Definitions
The term has been used in a few different ways:
- It is a pair of nuclear masses which form the basal ganglia
The basal ganglia are a group of nuclei in the brains of vertebrates, situated at the base of the forebrain and strongly connected with the cerebral cortex, thalamus and other areas. The basal ganglia are associated with a variety of functions, including motor control and learning...
, along with the subthalamic nucleusThe subthalamic nucleus is a small lens-shaped nucleus in the brain where it is a part of the basal ganglia system. As suggested by its name, the subthalamic nucleus is located ventral to the thalamus. It is also dorsal to the substantia nigra and medial to the internal capsule...
and the substantia nigraThe substantia nigra is a brain structure located in the mesencephalon that plays an important role in reward, addiction, and movement. Substantia nigra is Latin for "black substance", as parts of the substantia nigra appear darker than neighboring areas due to high levels of melanin in...
.
- It may also refer to both the basal ganglia and internal capsule
The internal capsule is an area of white matter in the brain that separates the caudate nucleus and the thalamus from the lenticular nucleus. The internal capsule contains both ascending and descending axons....
collectively.
- According to the 1917 version of Gray's Anatomy
Henry Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body, commonly shortened to Gray's Anatomy, is an English-language human anatomy textbook widely regarded as a classic work on the subject....
, it is the combination of the lentiform nucleusThe lentiform nucleus or lenticular nucleus comprises the putamen and the globus pallidus within the basal ganglia. It is a large, cone-shaped mass of gray matter just lateral to the internal capsule.-Etymology:...
(also known as the lenticular nucleus) and the caudate nucleusThe caudate nucleus is a nucleus located within the basal ganglia of the brains of many animal species. The caudate nucleus is an important part of the brain's learning and memory system.-Anatomy:...
- According to BrainInfo it is a part of the basal ganglia comprising the globus pallidus
The globus pallidus is a sub-cortical structure of the brain. It is a major element of the basal ganglia system. In this system, it is a major constituent of the basal ganglia core, which consists of the striatum and its direct targets: globus pallidus and substantia nigra...
and striatumThe striatum also known as striate body or striate nucleus is a subcortical part of the telencephalon/cerebrum. It is the major input station of the basal ganglia system...
.
Appearance
From lateral to medial, the corpus striatum is composed of the external capsule (white matter), the lentiform nucleus (gray matter), the internal capsule (white matter), and the caudate nucleus (gray matter). The alternating white and gray matter give it a striated appearance.
Anatomy
The corpus striatum has received its name from the striped appearance which a section of its anterior part presents, in consequence of diverging white fibers being mixed with the gray substance which forms its chief mass.
A part of the corpus striatum is imbedded in the white substance of the hemisphere, and is therefore external to the
ventricleThe ventricular system is a set of structures containing cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. It is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord.-Components:The system comprises four ventricles:* right and left lateral ventricles* third ventricle...
; it is termed the
extraventricular portion, or the lenticular nucleus.
The remainder, however, projects into the ventricle, and is named the
intraventricular portion, or the
caudate nucleusThe caudate nucleus is a nucleus located within the basal ganglia of the brains of many animal species. The caudate nucleus is an important part of the brain's learning and memory system.-Anatomy:...
.
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