Coronal consonant

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Coronal consonant

Coronal consonants are articulated with the flexible front part of the tongue

Tongue

The tongue is skeletal muscle on the floor of the mouth that manipulates food for chewing . It is the primary organ of taste. Much of the upper surface of the tongue is covered in papillae and taste buds....
. Only the coronal consonants can be divided into apical

Apical consonant

An apical consonant is a Phone produced by obstructing the air passage with the apex of the tongue . This contrasts with laminal consonants, which are produced by creating an obstruction with the blade of the tongue ....
(using the tongue tip), laminal

Laminal consonant

A laminal consonant is a Phone produced by obstructing the air passage with the blade of the tongue, which is the flat top front surface just behind the tip of the tongue on the top....
(using the tongue blade), domed (with the tongue bunched up), or sub-apical

Sub-apical consonant

A sub-apical consonant is a consonant made by contact with the underside of the tip of the tongue. The only common sub-apical articulations are in the postalveolar consonant to palatal consonant region; these are called "retroflex consonant"....
(with the tongue curled back), as well as a few rarer orientations, because only the front of the tongue has such dexterity. Coronals also have another dimension, grooved, that is used to make sibilants in combination with the orientations above.

Coronal places of articulation include the dental consonant

Dental consonant

In linguistics, a dental consonant or dental is a consonant that is articulated with the tongue against the upper teeth, such as , , , and in some languages....
s at the upper teeth

Tooth

Teeth are small whitish structures found in the jaws of many vertebrates that are used to tear, scrape, and chew food. Some animals, particularly carnivores, also use teeth for hunting or defense....
, the alveolar consonant

Alveolar consonant

Alveolar consonants are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the Dental alveolus of the superior teeth....
s at the upper gum

Gingiva

The gingiva , or gums, consists of the mucosal tissue that lies over the alveolar bone....
(the alveolar ridge

Alveolar ridge

An alveolar ridge is one of the two jaw ridges either on the roof of the mouth between the upper teeth and the hard palate or on the bottom of the mouth behind the lower teeth....
), the various postalveolar consonant

Postalveolar consonant

Postalveolar consonants are consonants articulated with the tongue near or touching the back of the alveolar ridge, placing them a bit further back in the mouth than the alveolar consonants, which are at the ridge itself, but not as far back as the hard palate ....
s (domed palato-alveolar, laminal alveolo-palatal, and apical retroflex) just behind that, and the true retroflex consonant

Retroflex consonant

In phonetics, retroflex consonants are consonant sounds used in some languages. The tongue is placed behind the alveolar ridge, and may even be curled back to touch the palate: that is, they are articulated in the postalveolar consonant to palatal consonant region of the mouth....
s curled back against the hard palate

Palate

The palate is the roof of the mouth in humans and vertebrate animals. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. The palate is divided into two parts, the anterior bony hard palate, and the posterior fleshy soft palate or velum....
.

(The list below is missing linguolabial, alveolo-palatal and retroflex consonants)

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Encyclopedia

Coronal consonants are articulated with the flexible front part of the tongue

Tongue

Apical consonant

Laminal consonant

Sub-apical consonant

Dental consonant

In linguistics, a dental consonant or dental is a consonant that is articulated with the tongue against the upper teeth, such as , , , and in some languages....
s at the upper teeth

Tooth

Alveolar consonant

Gingiva

The gingiva , or gums, consists of the mucosal tissue that lies over the alveolar bone....
(the alveolar ridge

Alveolar ridge

Postalveolar consonant

Retroflex consonant

Palate

IPA Symbol	Name of the consonant	Example	IPA
	Voiced alveolar fricative Voiced alveolar fricative The voiced alveolar fricatives are consonantal sounds. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents these sounds depends on whether a sibilant or non-sibilant fricative is being described....	zoo
	Voiceless alveolar fricative Voiceless alveolar fricative The voiceless alveolar fricatives are consonantal sounds. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents these sounds depends on whether a sibilant or non-sibilant fricative is being described....	sea
	Voiced dental fricative Voiced dental fricative The voiced dental non-sibilant fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some Speech communication languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound, eth, is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is D....	that
	Voiceless dental fricative Voiceless dental fricative The voiceless dental non-sibilant fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in some Speech communication languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is T....	thud
	Voiced postalveolar fricative Voiced postalveolar fricative The voiced palato-alveolar fricative or domed postalveolar fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some Speech communication languages....	vision
	Voiceless postalveolar fricative Voiceless postalveolar fricative The voiceless palato-alveolar fricative or domed postalveolar fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some Speech communication languages....	she
	Alveolar nasal Alveolar nasal The alveolar nasal is a type of consonantal sound used in numerous spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents dental consonant, alveolar consonant, and postalveolar consonant nasal consonant is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is n....	name
	Voiced alveolar plosive Voiced alveolar plosive The voiced alveolar plosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in some Speech communication languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents voiced dental consonant, alveolar consonant, and postalveolar consonant stop consonant is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is d....	day
	Voiceless alveolar plosive Voiceless alveolar plosive The voiceless alveolar plosive is a type of consonantal sound used in many Speech communication languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents voiceless dental consonant, alveolar consonant, and postalveolar consonant stop consonant is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is t....	tea
	Alveolar approximant Alveolar approximant The alveolar approximant is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents alveolar consonant and postalveolar consonant approximant consonant is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is r....	reef
	Lateral alveolar approximant	lift
	Alveolar trill Alveolar trill The alveolar trill is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents dental consonant, alveolar consonant, and postalveolar consonant trill consonant is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is r....	Spanish Spanish language Spanish or Castilian is a Romance languages that originated in northern Spain, and gradually spread in the Kingdom of Castile and evolved into the principal language of government and trade.... perro
	Alveolar tap Alveolar tap The alveolar tap or flap is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents dental consonant, alveolar consonant, and postalveolar consonant flap consonant is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is 4....	Spanish Spanish language Spanish or Castilian is a Romance languages that originated in northern Spain, and gradually spread in the Kingdom of Castile and evolved into the principal language of government and trade.... pero

Coronal consonant

See also