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Corned Beef

 
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Corned beef
 
 
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In the U.S. and Canada, Corned beef has two meanings. One refers to a cut of beef
Beef

Beef is the culinary name for meat from bovines, especially domestic cattle . Beef is one of the principal meats used in the cuisine of Australia, European cuisine and the Americas, and is also important in Africa, East Asia, and Southeast Asia....
 (usually brisket
Brisket

Brisket is a cut of meat from the breast or lower chest. While all meat animals have a brisket, the term is most often used to describe beef or veal....
, but sometimes round
Round steak

A round steak is a steak from the round section of a steer or heifer, known as a rump steak in the United Kingdom and Australia. Specifically, a round steak is the eye round, bottom round, and top round still connected together....
 or silverside
Silverside (beef)

Silverside is a cut of beef from the hindquarter of a cattle, just above the leg cut. It gets its name because of the "silverwall" on the side of the cut....
) cured
Curing (food preservation)

Curing refers to various food preservation and flavoring processes, especially of meat or fish, by the addition of a combination of edible salt, sugar, nitrates or nitrite....
 or pickled
Pickling

Pickling, also known as brining or corning, is the process of preserving food by Anaerobic organism fermentation in brine , to produce lactic acid bacteria, or marination and storing it in an acid solution, usually vinegar ....
 in a seasoned brine
Brine

File:Kissingen-Solepumpe-1848.JPGFile:Kissingen-Solepumpe-1848-2.JPGBrine is water Saturation or nearly saturated with a Salt .It is used to preserve vegetables, fish, and meat, in a process known as brining ....
. The other use of the term refers to a tinned product generally found with canned goods on supermarket shelves (see U.K. and German corned beef, below.)

The "corn" in "corned beef" refers to the "corns" or grains of coarse salts used to cure it.






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Encyclopedia


In the U.S. and Canada, Corned beef has two meanings. One refers to a cut of beef
Beef

Beef is the culinary name for meat from bovines, especially domestic cattle . Beef is one of the principal meats used in the cuisine of Australia, European cuisine and the Americas, and is also important in Africa, East Asia, and Southeast Asia....
 (usually brisket
Brisket

Brisket is a cut of meat from the breast or lower chest. While all meat animals have a brisket, the term is most often used to describe beef or veal....
, but sometimes round
Round steak

A round steak is a steak from the round section of a steer or heifer, known as a rump steak in the United Kingdom and Australia. Specifically, a round steak is the eye round, bottom round, and top round still connected together....
 or silverside
Silverside (beef)

Silverside is a cut of beef from the hindquarter of a cattle, just above the leg cut. It gets its name because of the "silverwall" on the side of the cut....
) cured
Curing (food preservation)

Curing refers to various food preservation and flavoring processes, especially of meat or fish, by the addition of a combination of edible salt, sugar, nitrates or nitrite....
 or pickled
Pickling

Pickling, also known as brining or corning, is the process of preserving food by Anaerobic organism fermentation in brine , to produce lactic acid bacteria, or marination and storing it in an acid solution, usually vinegar ....
 in a seasoned brine
Brine

File:Kissingen-Solepumpe-1848.JPGFile:Kissingen-Solepumpe-1848-2.JPGBrine is water Saturation or nearly saturated with a Salt .It is used to preserve vegetables, fish, and meat, in a process known as brining ....
. The other use of the term refers to a tinned product generally found with canned goods on supermarket shelves (see U.K. and German corned beef, below.)

The "corn" in "corned beef" refers to the "corns" or grains of coarse salts used to cure it. The Oxford English Dictionary
Oxford English Dictionary

The Oxford English Dictionary , published by the Oxford University Press , is a comprehensive dictionary of the English language. Two fully-bound print editions of the OED have been published under its current name, in 1928 and 1989; as of December 2008 the dictionary's current editors have completed a quarter of the third edition....
 dates the usage of "corn," meaning "small hard particle, a grain, as of sand or salt," to 888, and the term "corned beef" to 1621. The term "corned beef" can denote different styles of brine
Brine

File:Kissingen-Solepumpe-1848.JPGFile:Kissingen-Solepumpe-1848-2.JPGBrine is water Saturation or nearly saturated with a Salt .It is used to preserve vegetables, fish, and meat, in a process known as brining ....
-cured beef, depending on the region. Traditional corned beef is highly seasoned and often considered delicatessen
Delicatessen

Delicatessen is a term meaning "delicacies" or "fine foods". The word entered English via German language,with the old German spelling , plural of Delicatesse "delicacy", ultimately from Latin delicatus....
 fare.

Canada and the United States

In the United States, corned beef is often purchased precooked, as in delicatessens. Perhaps the most famous sandwich
Sandwich

A sandwich is a food item made of one or more slices of bread with one or more layers of a filling. The bread can be used as is, or it can be coated with butter, vegetable oil, mustard or other condiments to enhance flavour and texture....
 made with it is the traditional corned beef on rye, a very thick sandwich made with thinly sliced corned beef, rye bread
Rye bread

Rye bread is a type of bread made with various percentages of flour from rye grain. It can be light or dark in color, depending on the type of flour used and the addition of coloring agents, and is typically denser than bread made from wheat flour....
 made with caraway
Caraway

Caraway or Persian cumin is a biennial plant in the family Apiaceae, native to Europe and western Asia.The plant is similar in appearance to a carrot plant, with finely divided, feathery leaves with thread-like divisions, growing on 20?30 cm stems....
 seeds (commonly known as kimmel bread), and mustard or horseradish. Also famous is the Reuben sandwich
Reuben sandwich

The Reuben sandwich is a grilled or toasted sandwich made with corned beef, sauerkraut, Swiss cheese, and either Dijon mustard, Russian dressing or Thousand Island dressing....
, consisting of corned beef, Swiss cheese
Swiss cheese

Swiss cheese is the generic name, in Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the United States, for several related varieties of cheese, all of which resemble the Emmental ....
, sauerkraut
Sauerkraut

File:Kiszona kapusta.JPGSauerkraut is finely shredded cabbage that has been fermentation by various lactic acid bacteria, including Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus, and Pediococcus....
, and Thousand Island
Thousand Island dressing

Thousand Island dressing is a salad dressing , commonly made of mayonnaise, ketchup, tobasco and finely chopped vegetables, most often Pickled cucumbers, onions, bell peppers, and green olives; chopped hard-boiled Egg is also common....
 or Russian dressing
Russian dressing

Russian dressing is an United States tomato-based salad dressing noted for its pungency. It is typically a clear and glistening bright orange-red or burnt red in color....
 on rye bread
Rye bread

Rye bread is a type of bread made with various percentages of flour from rye grain. It can be light or dark in color, depending on the type of flour used and the addition of coloring agents, and is typically denser than bread made from wheat flour....
 which is then grilled on a flat griddle
Griddle

A griddle is a piece of Cookware and bakeware. In the industrial world usually it is a flat plate of metal . In the non-industrial world, and in traditional cultures, the griddle may be a stone or brick slab or tablet....
 or in a cast iron
Cast iron

Cast iron usually refers to Gray iron, but also identifies a large group of ferrous alloys, which solidify with a eutectic. The color of a fractured surface can be used to identify an alloy....
 pan in oil.

Corned beef hash
Hash (food)

Although it can technically be made of a combination of any finely chopped ingredients, hash is often a mixture of beef , onions, potatoes, and spices that are mashed together into a coarse, chunky paste, and then cooked, either alone, or with other ingredients....
 is commonly served as a breakfast
Breakfast

Breakfast is a meal eaten after a long period of sleep, most often eaten in the morning. The word came about because it means breaking the fast after one has not eaten since the night before....
 food with eggs
Egg (food)

An egg is a round or oval body laid by the female of many animals, consisting of an ovum surrounded by layers of membranes and an outer casing, which acts to nourish and protect a developing embryo and its nutrient reserves....
 and hash browns.

Smoking corned beef, usually with the addition of extra spices such as black pepper
Black pepper

Black pepper is a flowering plant vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit, which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning....
, produces a cold cut
Cold cut

Cold cuts is a U.S. term that refers to cheeses or precooked or cured meat, often sausages or meatloaf, that are sliced and usually served cold on sandwiches or on party trays....
 known as pastrami
Pastrami

Pastrami is a popular delicatessen meat made from lean red meat, chiefly brisket....
.

For the tinned version, see below.

Saint Patrick's Day


The consumption of corned beef is associated with Saint Patrick's Day
Saint Patrick's Day

Saint Patrick's Day , colloquially St. Paddy's Day or Paddy's Day, is an annual feast day which celebrates Saint Patrick , one of the patron saints of Ireland, and is generally celebrated on March 17....
, when many Irish American
Irish American

Irish Americans are citizens of the United States who can claim ancestry originating in Ireland. A total of 36,495,800 Americans reported Irish ancestry in the 2006 American Community Survey....
s eat a traditional meal of corned beef and cabbage
Cabbage

The cabbage is a leafy garden plant of the Family Brassicaceae , used as a Leaf vegetable. It is a herbaceous, biennial plant, dicotyledonous flowering plant distinguished by a short stem upon which is crowded a mass of leaves, usually green but in some varieties red or purplish, forming a characteristic compact, globular cluster ....
. According to the History Channel
The History Channel

History, formerly known as The History Channel, is an International Satellite channel and Cable channel TV channel, with shows on historical events and persons—often with observations and explanations by noted historians as well as historical reenactment and interviews with witnesses....
, while cabbage is a traditional food item for Irish-Americans, corned beef is not consumed in Ireland - it was originally used a substitute for bacon
Back bacon

Back bacon is traditionally prepared from brined, center cut boneless pork loin. It is much leaner than American/streaky bacon. It is sometimes called Irish bacon or Canadian bacon, but should not be confused with the round, sliced, smoked ham product called "Canadian Bacon" in much of the United States....
 by Irish American immigrants in the late 1800s. Irish immigrants living in New York City
New York City

The City of New York is the List of United States cities by population in the United States, while the New York metropolitan area ranks among the List of urban areas by population....
's Lower East Side
Lower East Side, Manhattan

The Lower East Side is a neighborhood in the southeastern part of the New York City borough of Manhattan. It is roughly bounded by Allen St., E....
 sought an equivalent in taste and texture to their traditional Irish bacon, and learned about this cheaper alternative to bacon from their Jewish neighbors. A similar dish is the New England boiled dinner
New England boiled dinner

New England boiled dinner is the basis of a traditional New England meal, consisting of corned beef or a smoked ham, with cabbage and added vegetable items, often including potato, rutabaga, parsnip, carrot, turnip and onion....
, consisting of corned beef, cabbage, and root vegetables such as carrots, turnips, and potatoes, which is popular in New England
New England

New England is a region of the United States located in the northeastern corner of the country, bounded by the Atlantic Ocean, Canada and New York State, and consisting of the modern U.S....
 and parts of Atlantic Canada
Atlantic Canada

File:Atlantic Canada.svgAtlantic Canada, also known as the Atlantic provinces, is the List of regions of Canada of Canada comprising four Provinces and territories of Canada located on the Atlantic Ocean: the three Maritimes ? New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island ? and Newfoundland and Labrador....
.

As St. Patrick's Day occurs annually during Lent
Lent

Lent, in Christianity, is the period of the liturgical year leading up to Easter. Conventionally it is described as being forty days long, though different Christian denominations calculate the forty days differently....
, the corned beef tradition caused controversy among American Catholic
Catholic

Catholic is an adjective derived from the Greek language adjective , meaning "whole" or "complete". In the context of Christianity ecclesiology, it has a rich history and several usages....
 diocese
Diocese

In many rites of the Roman Catholic Church and in Anglicanism, a diocese is an administrative territorial unit administered by a bishop. It is also referred to as a bishopric or Episcopal Area or episcopal see, though strictly the term episcopal see refers to the domain of ecclesiastical authority officially held by the bi...
s in 2000 and 2006, when the holiday fell on a Friday. Catholic custom
Lent

Lent, in Christianity, is the period of the liturgical year leading up to Easter. Conventionally it is described as being forty days long, though different Christian denominations calculate the forty days differently....
 dictates that no meat be consumed on any Friday, but some bishops granted dispensations to their dioceses for eating corned beef on St. Patrick's Day. This rare occurrence will next happen on Friday in 2017.

Germany

Two canned versions of commercial corned beef are sold in Germany
Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
. The original is usually called American Corned Beef and consists of finely shredded corned beef with a low fat content and is similar to Spam
Spam (food)

Spam is a canning precooked meat product made by the Hormel. The labeled ingredients in the classic variety of Spam are: chopped pork shoulder meat with ham meat added, salt, water, sugar, and sodium nitrite to help keep its color....
. Another version is called Deutsches Corned Beef and is closer to the product described above. It is not as finely shredded, it contains chunks of corned beef and is usually embedded in aspic
ASPIC

ASPIC may be:* Advanced Space Propulsion Investigation Committee* Advanced SCSI Programmable Interrupt Controller* Application Service Provider Industry Consortium...
. Deutsches Corned Beef is also sold in slices at supermarket meat counters and butcher shops.

UK

The product commonly known as corned beef in the UK (also known as bully beef; from the French bouilli ‘boiled’) is sold in distinctive oblong-shaped tin can
Tin can

A tin can, also called a tin or a can, is an air-tight Packaging and labelling for the distribution or storage of goods, composed of thin metal, and requiring cutting or tearing of the metal as the means of opening....
s containing finely ground meat in a small amount of jelly. A typical ingredient list is: Beef, Salt, Sugar, Sodium Nitrite
Sodium nitrite

Sodium nitrite, with chemical formula SodiumNitrogenOxygen2, is used as a colour retention agent and preservative in meats and fish....
. A 100 gram portion contains 12.5 grams of fat and 2.3 grams of salt.. Like those cans used for sardine
Sardine

Sardines, or pilchards, are a group of several types of small, oily fish related to herrings, family Clupeidae. Sardines were named after the island of Sardinia, where they were once in abundance....
s, corned beef cans are specially scored so that the metal can be broken apart by the leverage of winding it around a slotted church key that is provided with the can. This product is also sold in the US and in Spain, the latter is commonly supplied from Argentina.

A common way of eating corned beef cold in the UK is sliced in a sandwich accompanied by tomato, lettuce or cucumber and a spread such as pickle
Relish

A relish is a cooking pickling, chopped vegetable or fruit food item which is typically used as a condiment. The item generally consists of discernible vegetable or fruit pieces in a sauce, although the sauce is subordinate in character to the vegetable or fruit pieces....
 or English mustard.

There is also an un-tinned product known as corned beef in the US which is sold as salt beef in the UK that is mostly available in major cities which have Jewish communities. It is often served on bagels with mustard and gherkin
Gherkin

The Gherkin is a small cucumber type vegetable, usually of the same species as the cucumber , but of a different Race . They are usually picked when 3 to 8 cm in length and pickling in jars or cans with vinegar or brine to become a pickled cucumber....
s.

Israel

Since the foundation of the State of Israel, the IDF
IDF

IDF or idf may stand for:*An Initialism:** Intel Developer Forum.** Intermediate distribution frame - a cable rack that interconnects and manages the telecommunications wiring between a main distribution frame and workstation devices....
 has developed Loof (???), which is a slightly adapted form of corned beef that is packaged almost identically to Spam
Spam (food)

Spam is a canning precooked meat product made by the Hormel. The labeled ingredients in the classic variety of Spam are: chopped pork shoulder meat with ham meat added, salt, water, sugar, and sodium nitrite to help keep its color....
, and is more nutritious, durable and easily prepared to taste either through cooking or frying with other foods. The name loof is a short and simplified form of meat loaf
Meatloaf

Meatloaf is a meat dish consisting of seasoning ground meat , which is formed into a loaf shape and baked or smoked. The loaf shape is formed by either cooking it in a Bread pan, or forming it by hand on a flat baking pan....
. Loof is a standard issue in the IDF, and is made by Richard Levy Company of Israel. All Loof is kosher, and most are Hallal for Beduin and Druze
Druze

The Druze are a religious community found primarily in Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and in the Palestinian territories whose traditional religion is said to have begun as an offshoot of Islam, but is unique in its incorporation of Gnosticism, Neoplatonism and other philosophies, similar to other followers of Ismaili Shi'a Islam....
 service personnel. The product has become an Israeli folk delicacy.

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