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Copper(I) bromide

 

 
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Copper(I) bromide
 
 
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Copper(I) bromide is the chemical compound
Chemical compound

A chemical compound is a Chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical element Chemical bond together in a fixed mass ratio that can be split into simpler substances....
 with the formula
Chemical formula

A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound, and how the relationship between those atoms changes in chemical reactions....
 CuBr. This diamagnetic solid adopts a polymeric structure akin to that for zinc sulfide
Zinc sulfide

Zinc sulfide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula ZincSulfur. Zinc sulfide is a white- to yellow-colored powder or crystal. It is typically encountered in the more stable cubic form, known also as zinc blende or sphalerite....
. The compound is widely used in the synthesis
Organic synthesis

Organic synthesis is a special branch of chemical synthesis and is concerned with the construction of organic compounds via organic reactions. Organic_chemistry molecules can often contain a higher level of complexity compared to purely Inorganic_chemistry compounds, so the synthesis of organic compounds has developed into one of the most im...
 of organic compounds.

pure solid is colourless, although samples are often colored due to the presence of copper(II) impurities (see picture). It is commonly prepared by the reduction of cupric salts with sulfite
Sulfite

Sulfites are chemical compound that contain the sulfite ion sulfuroxygen32- ....
 in the presence of bromide:
2 CuBr2
Copper(II) bromide

Copper bromide is a chemical compound. It is used in photographic processing as an intensifier and as a Halogenation agent in organic synthesis...
  + H2O + SO32- ? 2 CuBr + SO42- + 2 HBr
Hydrogen bromide

Hydrogen bromide is the diatomic molecule HydrogenBromine. Under standard conditions, HBr is a gas, but it can be liquified. The aqueous solution hydrobromic acid forms upon dissolving HBr in water....
Alternatively, and analogous to the synthesis of copper(I) chloride, it can be generated by dissolving copper powder in hydrobromic acid
Hydrobromic acid

Hydrobromic acid is a strong acid acid formed by dissolving the diatomic molecule hydrogen bromide in water. It has a Acid dissociation constant of −9, making it a stronger acid than hydrochloric acid, but not as strong as hydrogen iodide....
:
2 HBr + 2 Cu ? 2 CuBr + H2


CuBr is insoluble in most solvents due to its polymeric structure, which features four-coordinated, tetrahedral Cu centers interconnected by bromide ligands (ZnS structure).






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Encyclopedia


Copper(I) bromide is the chemical compound
Chemical compound

A chemical compound is a Chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical element Chemical bond together in a fixed mass ratio that can be split into simpler substances....
 with the formula
Chemical formula

A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound, and how the relationship between those atoms changes in chemical reactions....
 CuBr. This diamagnetic solid adopts a polymeric structure akin to that for zinc sulfide
Zinc sulfide

Zinc sulfide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula ZincSulfur. Zinc sulfide is a white- to yellow-colored powder or crystal. It is typically encountered in the more stable cubic form, known also as zinc blende or sphalerite....
. The compound is widely used in the synthesis
Organic synthesis

Organic synthesis is a special branch of chemical synthesis and is concerned with the construction of organic compounds via organic reactions. Organic_chemistry molecules can often contain a higher level of complexity compared to purely Inorganic_chemistry compounds, so the synthesis of organic compounds has developed into one of the most im...
 of organic compounds.

Preparation, basic properties, structure

The pure solid is colourless, although samples are often colored due to the presence of copper(II) impurities (see picture). It is commonly prepared by the reduction of cupric salts with sulfite
Sulfite

Sulfites are chemical compound that contain the sulfite ion sulfuroxygen32- ....
 in the presence of bromide:
2 CuBr2
Copper(II) bromide

Copper bromide is a chemical compound. It is used in photographic processing as an intensifier and as a Halogenation agent in organic synthesis...
  + H2O + SO32- ? 2 CuBr + SO42- + 2 HBr
Hydrogen bromide

Hydrogen bromide is the diatomic molecule HydrogenBromine. Under standard conditions, HBr is a gas, but it can be liquified. The aqueous solution hydrobromic acid forms upon dissolving HBr in water....
Alternatively, and analogous to the synthesis of copper(I) chloride, it can be generated by dissolving copper powder in hydrobromic acid
Hydrobromic acid

Hydrobromic acid is a strong acid acid formed by dissolving the diatomic molecule hydrogen bromide in water. It has a Acid dissociation constant of −9, making it a stronger acid than hydrochloric acid, but not as strong as hydrogen iodide....
:
2 HBr + 2 Cu ? 2 CuBr + H2


CuBr is insoluble in most solvents due to its polymeric structure, which features four-coordinated, tetrahedral Cu centers interconnected by bromide ligands (ZnS structure). Upon treatment with Lewis bases, CuBr converts to molecular adduct
Adduct

An adduct is a product of a direct addition of two or more distinct molecules, resulting in a single reaction product containing all atoms of all components, with formation of two chemical bonds and a net reduction in bond multiplicity in at least one of the reactants....
s. For example with dimethyl sulfide
Dimethyl sulfide

Dimethyl sulfide or methylthiomethane is an Organosulfur compounds compound with the formula 2S. Dimethyl sulfide is a water-insoluble flammable liquid that boils at 37?C and has a characteristic disagreeable odor....
, the colorless complex is formed:
CuBr + S(CH3)2 ? CuBr(S(CH3)2)
In this coordination complex, the copper is two-coordinate, with a linear geometry. Other soft ligands afford related complexes. For example triphenylphosphine
Triphenylphosphine

Triphenylphosphine is a common organophosphorus compound with the formula P3 - often abbreviated to PhosphorusPhenyl group or Ph3P....
 gives CuBr(P(C6H5)3), although this species has a more complex structure.

Applications in organic chemistry

In the Sandmeyer reaction
Sandmeyer reaction

The Sandmeyer reaction is a chemical reaction used to synthesize aryl halides from aryl diazonium salts. It is named after the Swiss chemist Traugott Sandmeyer....
, CuBr is employed to convert aniline
Aniline

Aniline, phenylamine or aminobenzene is an organic compound with the Chemical formula C6H7N. It is the simplest and one of the most important aromatic amines, being used as a precursor to more complex chemicals....
s into the corresponding aryl
Aryl

In the context of organic molecules, aryl refers to any functional group or substituent derived from a simple aromatic ring, may it be phenyl, thiophene, indole, etc ....
 bromides:
ArN2+ + CuBr ? ArBr + N2 + Cu+
The aforementioned complex CuBr(S(CH3)2) is widely used to generate organocopper reagents. Related CuBr complexes are catalysts for Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
ATRP (chemistry)

ATRP or Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization is an example of a living polymerization or a controlled/living radical polymerization . Like it?s counter part, ATRA or Atom Transfer Radical Addition, it is a means of forming carbon-carbon bond through transition metal catalyst....
 and Cu-catalyzed Cross-Dehydrogenative Couplings (CDC).

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