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The Coosa chiefdom was a powerful Native American
Native Americans in the United States

Native Americans in the United States are the Indigenous peoples of the Americas from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States United States, including parts of Alaska and the island state of Hawaii....
 chiefdom
Chiefdom

A chiefdom is a type of complex society of varying degrees of centralization that is led by an individual known as a Tribal chief.In anthropology, one model of human social development rooted in ideas of cultural evolution describes a chiefdom as a form of social organization more complex than a tribe or a band society, and less complex tha...
 near what is now Gordon
Gordon County, Georgia

Gordon County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia . As of 2000, the population was 44,104. The 2007 Census Estimate shows a population of 52,044 ....
 and Murray
Murray County, Georgia

Murray County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia . As of 2000, the population was 36,506. The 2007 Census Estimate showed a population of 40,664 ....
 counties in Georgia
Georgia (U.S. state)

Georgia is a U.S. state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against United Kingdom rule in the American Revolution....
, in the United States
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
. It was inhabited from about 1400 until about 1600, and was visited by Hernando de Soto
Hernando de Soto (explorer)

Hernando de Soto was a Spanish people Exploration and conquistador who, while leading the first European expedition deep into the territory of the modern-day United States, was the first European to discover the Mississippi River....
 and his conquistador
Conquistador

Conquistador is the name given to the Spaniards soldiers, leaders, List of explorers, and adventurers involved in the conquest of the Americas following the discovery of the New World by Christopher Columbus in 1492....
s on their travels throughout the Southeast United States in 1539–1541. The conquistadors recorded sketchy descriptions and impressions of the various chiefdoms they visited, describing Coosa as a series of communities
Community

In biological terms, a community is a group of interacting organisms sharing an environment .In human communities, intention, belief, Natural resource, preferences, Need assessment, risks, and a number of other conditions may be present and common, affecting the Identity of the participants and their degree of cohesiveness....
 and fertile gardens, containing much food, rather than a town or city.

Coosa contains three mounds
Platform mound

A platform mound is any earthworks or mound intended to support a structure or activity.The Mississippian Native American Platform Mound...
 and various pottery
Pottery

Pottery is the ceramic ware made by potters. Major types of pottery include earthenware, stoneware, and porcelain. The places where such wares are made are called potteries....
 types, the most substantial of which reflect the site's Middle and Late Mississippian culture
Mississippian culture

The Mississippian culture was a Mound builder Native Americans in the United States culture that flourished in what is now the Midwestern United States, Eastern United States, and Southeastern United States United States from approximately 800 Common Era to 1500 Common Era, varying regionally....
s (c.






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The Coosa chiefdom was a powerful Native American
Native Americans in the United States

Native Americans in the United States are the Indigenous peoples of the Americas from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States United States, including parts of Alaska and the island state of Hawaii....
 chiefdom
Chiefdom

A chiefdom is a type of complex society of varying degrees of centralization that is led by an individual known as a Tribal chief.In anthropology, one model of human social development rooted in ideas of cultural evolution describes a chiefdom as a form of social organization more complex than a tribe or a band society, and less complex tha...
 near what is now Gordon
Gordon County, Georgia

Gordon County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia . As of 2000, the population was 44,104. The 2007 Census Estimate shows a population of 52,044 ....
 and Murray
Murray County, Georgia

Murray County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia . As of 2000, the population was 36,506. The 2007 Census Estimate showed a population of 40,664 ....
 counties in Georgia
Georgia (U.S. state)

Georgia is a U.S. state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against United Kingdom rule in the American Revolution....
, in the United States
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
. It was inhabited from about 1400 until about 1600, and was visited by Hernando de Soto
Hernando de Soto (explorer)

Hernando de Soto was a Spanish people Exploration and conquistador who, while leading the first European expedition deep into the territory of the modern-day United States, was the first European to discover the Mississippi River....
 and his conquistador
Conquistador

Conquistador is the name given to the Spaniards soldiers, leaders, List of explorers, and adventurers involved in the conquest of the Americas following the discovery of the New World by Christopher Columbus in 1492....
s on their travels throughout the Southeast United States in 1539–1541. The conquistadors recorded sketchy descriptions and impressions of the various chiefdoms they visited, describing Coosa as a series of communities
Community

In biological terms, a community is a group of interacting organisms sharing an environment .In human communities, intention, belief, Natural resource, preferences, Need assessment, risks, and a number of other conditions may be present and common, affecting the Identity of the participants and their degree of cohesiveness....
 and fertile gardens, containing much food, rather than a town or city.

Coosa contains three mounds
Platform mound

A platform mound is any earthworks or mound intended to support a structure or activity.The Mississippian Native American Platform Mound...
 and various pottery
Pottery

Pottery is the ceramic ware made by potters. Major types of pottery include earthenware, stoneware, and porcelain. The places where such wares are made are called potteries....
 types, the most substantial of which reflect the site's Middle and Late Mississippian culture
Mississippian culture

The Mississippian culture was a Mound builder Native Americans in the United States culture that flourished in what is now the Midwestern United States, Eastern United States, and Southeastern United States United States from approximately 800 Common Era to 1500 Common Era, varying regionally....
s (c. 1300-1600 A.D.), namely the Dallas, Lamar, and Mouse Creek phases of pottery. These type variations could indicate that the chiefdom underwent three archaeological phases, each with distinct pottery and artifact styles.

The site was occupied by the Cherokee in the early 1700's, but later abandoned. During the French and Indian War, a contingent of Muskogee under a chief named The Mortar reoccupied the site in 1759 in support of Ostenaco and the other pro-French Cherokee. By the mid-1780's, however, the site was once again a Cherokee
Cherokee

The Cherokee are a Native Americans in the United States people orginally from the Southeastern United States . They are linguistically connected to speakers of the Iroquoian language....
 settlement.

Source

  • Fagan, Brian. Ancient North America. Thames and Hudson. London, 2005. pages 487–488.


See also

  • List of sites and peoples visited by the Hernando de Soto Expedition
    List of sites and peoples visited by the Hernando de Soto Expedition

    This is a List of sites and peoples visited by the Hernando de Soto Expedition in the years 1539-1543. In May 1539, de Soto left Havana, Cuba with nine ships, over 620 men and 220 surviving horses and landed at Port Charlotte, Florida....
  • Mississippian culture
    Mississippian culture

    The Mississippian culture was a Mound builder Native Americans in the United States culture that flourished in what is now the Midwestern United States, Eastern United States, and Southeastern United States United States from approximately 800 Common Era to 1500 Common Era, varying regionally....
  • Southeastern Ceremonial Complex
    Southeastern Ceremonial Complex

    The Southeastern Ceremonial Complex is the name given to the regional stylistic similarity of artifact , iconography, ceremony and mythology of the Mississippian culture that coincided with their adoption of maize agriculture and chiefdom-level complex social organization from 1200 CE to 1650 CE....