Connation

Connation in plant

Plant

Plants are living organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. Precise definitions of the kingdom vary, but as the term is used here, plants include familiar organisms such as trees, flowers, herbs, bushes, grasses, vines, ferns, mosses, and green algae. The group is also called green plants or...

s is the developmental fusion of organs of the same type, for example, petal

Petal

Petals are modified leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers. They often are brightly colored or unusually shaped to attract pollinators. Together, all of the petals of a flower are called a corolla. Petals are usually accompanied by another set of special leaves called sepals lying...

s to one another to form a tubular corolla. This is in contrast to adnation

Adnation

Adnation in plants is the "union of unlike parts; organically united or fused with another dissimilar part, e.g. an ovary to a calyx tube, or stamens to petals". This is in contrast to connation, the fusion of similar organs....

, the fusion of dissimilar organs.

Terms for connation of flower parts

• Synsepalous: All the sepal
  Sepal
  A sepal is a part of the flower of angiosperms . Collectively the sepals form the calyx, which is the outermost whorl of parts that form a flower. Usually green, sepals have the typical function of protecting the petals when the flower is in bud...
  
  s of a flower
  Flower
  A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants . The biological function of a flower is to effect reproduction, usually by providing a mechanism for the union of sperm with eggs...
  
   are fused into a cup or tube, the fused portion is the calyx tube and any non fused tips are the calyx lobes.
• Sympetalous: All the petal
  Petal
  Petals are modified leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers. They often are brightly colored or unusually shaped to attract pollinators. Together, all of the petals of a flower are called a corolla. Petals are usually accompanied by another set of special leaves called sepals lying...
  
  s of a flower are fused into a cup, tube, or other shape.
• Stamen
  Stamen
  The stamen is the pollen producing reproductive organ of a flower...
  
  s:
  • Synandrous: Stamens are fused in an unspecified manner
  • Synfilamentous: Stamens are fused by their filaments
  • Synantherous: Stamens are fused by their anthers
• Syncarpous: Carpel
  Gynoecium
  Gynoecium is most commonly used as a collective term for all carpels in a flower. A carpel is the ovule and seed producing reproductive organ in flowering plants. Carpels are derived from ovule-bearing leaves which evolved to form a closed structure containing the ovules...
  
  s are fused together to form a compound ovary
  Gynoecium
  Gynoecium is most commonly used as a collective term for all carpels in a flower. A carpel is the ovule and seed producing reproductive organ in flowering plants. Carpels are derived from ovule-bearing leaves which evolved to form a closed structure containing the ovules...
  
  

The corresponding terms for parts that are free (not connate) begin with the prefix "apo-". An apopetalous corolla has free, unfused petals.