Communist Movement
Encyclopedia
Communist Movement was a political party
Political party
A political party is a political organization that typically seeks to influence government policy, usually by nominating their own candidates and trying to seat them in political office. Parties participate in electoral campaigns, educational outreach or protest actions...

 in Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...

. It was founded in 1972 by the Basque Communist Movement (Communists) (Movimiento Comunista Vasco (Komunistak)) (which was previously known as ETA Berri, a splinter-group of ETA
ETA
ETA , an acronym for Euskadi Ta Askatasuna is an armed Basque nationalist and separatist organization. The group was founded in 1959 and has since evolved from a group promoting traditional Basque culture to a paramilitary group with the goal of gaining independence for the Greater Basque Country...

), Communist Organisation (Aragon
Aragon
Aragon is a modern autonomous community in Spain, coextensive with the medieval Kingdom of Aragon. Located in northeastern Spain, the Aragonese autonomous community comprises three provinces : Huesca, Zaragoza, and Teruel. Its capital is Zaragoza...

), Communist Unification (Valencia), the Marxist-Leninist Formation Group of the Islands (Balearic Islands
Balearic Islands
The Balearic Islands are an archipelago of Spain in the western Mediterranean Sea, near the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula.The four largest islands are: Majorca, Minorca, Ibiza and Formentera. The archipelago forms an autonomous community and a province of Spain with Palma as the capital...

) and a grouping of independent communists from Asturias
Asturias
The Principality of Asturias is an autonomous community of the Kingdom of Spain, coextensive with the former Kingdom of Asturias in the Middle Ages...

. Initially the party was known as Communist Movement of Spain (Movimiento Comunista de España). The general secretary of MCE was Eugenio del Río.

MCE attempted to unify with the Communist Unification of Spain
Communist Unification of Spain
Communist Unification of Spain is a political party in Spain. The group emerged around the publication Tribuna Obrera in 1968. It was constituted as UCE in 1973...

 (UCE), but that relation was later broken.

In 1976 MCE was restricted into a federal organization, and the name changed to MC. Regional affiliates included
  • Communist Movement of Asturias (Movimiento Comunista d'Asturies)
  • Communist Movement of Aragon (Movimiento Comunista de Aragón)
  • Communist Movement of Castile-León (Movimiento Comunista de Castilla-Léon)
  • Communist Movement of Catalonia (Moviment Comunista de Catalunya)
  • Communist Movement of Euskadi
    Communist Movement of Euskadi
    Communist Movement of Euskadi was originally the branch of the Communist Movement in Basque Country, Spain. EMK separated itself from MC in 1983. EMK took part in forming Batzarre in Navarre.In 1991 EMK merged with LKI and formed Zutik....

     (Euskadi Mugimendu Komunista)
  • Communist Movement of Extremadura (Movimiento Comunista de Extremadura)
  • Communist Movement of the Valencian Country (Moviment Comunista del País Valencià)


MC appealed for abstention in the 1976 referendum.

In the 1977 general elections MC launched various electoral lists, like CUP in Madrid
Madrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...

 and CUPS in Catalonia
Catalonia
Catalonia is an autonomous community in northeastern Spain, with the official status of a "nationality" of Spain. Catalonia comprises four provinces: Barcelona, Girona, Lleida, and Tarragona. Its capital and largest city is Barcelona. Catalonia covers an area of 32,114 km² and has an...

.

On October 6, 1977 a group of MCPV militants and sympathizers were attacked by fascists while putting up posters in Alicante
Alicante
Alicante or Alacant is a city in Spain, the capital of the province of Alicante and of the comarca of Alacantí, in the south of the Valencian Community. It is also a historic Mediterranean port. The population of the city of Alicante proper was 334,418, estimated , ranking as the second-largest...

. Miquel Grau, a 20-year old MCPV sympathizer was killed.

In 1979 the Organisation of the Communist Left (OIC) merged into MC.

MCPV and the Revolutionary Communist League (LCR) formed a coalition, United Left of the Valencian Country (EUPV, different body than the present EUPV). In the 1983 regional assembly elections EUPV contested as part of the Valencian People's Unity (UPV). Later as MC disintegrated, MCPV and LCR militants in Valencia formed the collective Revolta.

In 1983 the Communist Movement of Euskadi
Communist Movement of Euskadi
Communist Movement of Euskadi was originally the branch of the Communist Movement in Basque Country, Spain. EMK separated itself from MC in 1983. EMK took part in forming Batzarre in Navarre.In 1991 EMK merged with LKI and formed Zutik....

 (EMK) separated itself from MC and became an independent organization.

In 1991 MC merged with LCR and formed the Alternative Left
Alternative Left
The Alternative Left , or The Left in translation from French and Italian, is a political party of the far-left in Switzerland. This party seeks to unite the political forces and movements farther to the left on Switzerland's political spectrum than the center-left Social Democratic Party and the...

(Izquierda Alternativa), which had a brief existence.
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