Codex Nanianus
Encyclopedia
Codex Nanianus, designated by siglum U or 030 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 90 (von Soden), is a Greek uncial
manuscript
s of the New Testament
on parchment, dated palaeographically
to the 9th century. The manuscript has complex contents, with full marginalia (see picture). The codex is named after its last owner. It is also known as Codex Venetus Marcianus.
The text of the codex usually follows the majority text, but with departures, some of them represent Alexandrian
tradition. The manuscript is rarely cited in the present critical editions of the Greek New Testament.
s. The leaves are arranged in quarto (four leaves in quire). The text is written in two columns per page, and 21 lines per column, in brown ink. According to Scrivener
the manuscript is carefully and luxury written.
The ornaments are in gold and colours.
The initial letters in gold and decorated. The letters are high, and round. They have breathings and accents
.
It is an ornamented codex, with full marginalia
, as well illuminations
such as pictures and golden ornaments. It is written in well rounded uncials, Letters are in general an imitation of those used before the introduction of compressed uncial
s. The letters are compressed only at the end of line. It is shown in Tregelles' facsimile, the oblong omicron
s creep at the end of lines 2 and 4. Samuel Prideaux Tregelles
found that the "letters are in general an imitation of those used before the introduction of compressed uncials; but they do not belong to the age when full and round writing was customary or natural, so that the stiffness and want of ease is manifest".
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their (titles) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections
, with references to the Eusebian Canons. Number of sections in Gospel of Mark
is 233 (usual is 235), the last section in 16:8.
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum
and Eusebian tables at the beginning of the manuscript, tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, golden ornaments, subscriptions at the end of each Gospel, and pictures. Before Gospel of Mark it has picture with the baptism of Jesus; before Gospel of John it has picture with the rays from the clouds, John stands, and Prochorus
writes.
is a representative of the Byzantine text-type
. The non-Byzantine readings are confirmed by Codex Monacensis
and minuscule 1071, though there is no real reason to think they are related.
The manuscript stands in some relationship to the Codex Basilensis and other textual members of the textual family Family E
, but Nanianus does not belong to this family.
Hermann von Soden classified its text to the his textual group Io which refers to nine manuscripts in Luke. They do not form a group. According to Soden textual group Io, is a result of recension Pamphilus from Caeasarea (ca. 300 AD). Aland
placed it in Category V, though it is not pure the Byzantine text, with a number non-Byzantine readings.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family Kx
in Luke 10, in Luke 1 and Luke 20 it has mixed Byzantine text. It is close to minuscules 974 and 1006 in Luke 1 and Luke 10.
The manuscript contains the spurious texts of the Signs of the times (Matthew 16:2b-3), Christ's agony at Gethsemane
(Luke 22:43-44), John 5:3.4, and the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) without any mark. It contains the longer ending of Mark (16:9-20), but there is not the Ammonian Sections and Eusebian Canons at the margin. In text of Pericope Adulterae it has several peculiar readings (see section below), some of them has textual affinities with Codex Tischendorfianus III
.
8:2 after οφθρου δε παλιν it has reading βαθεος ελθεν ο Ιησους instead of παρεγενετο.
In John 8:4 it reads ειπον (said) for λεγουσι (say); the reading is supported by Codex Tischendorfianus III
.
In John 8:7 it reads αναβλεψας instead of ανακυψας or ανεκυψεν, along with Tischendorfianus III, manuscripts of Ferrar Group
(f13), and 700
.
In John 8:8 the codex represents unique textual addition: ενος εκαστου αυτων τας αμαρτιας (sins of every one of them). This textual variant is supported by the manuscripts: Minuscule 73
, 95
, 331
, 364
, 413
, 658
, 700
, 782
, 1592, and some Armenian manuscripts. Minuscule 652
has this variant on the margin added by a later hand. Minuscule 264
has this textual variant in John 8:6.
In John 8:10a it reads Ιησους ειδεν αυτην και against reading: Ιησους και μηδενα θεασαμενος πλην της γυναικος, and reading: Ιησους. The reading of the codex is supported by the manuscripts: Tischendorfianus III, manuscripts of f13, 225
, 700, 1077, 1443, Lectionary 185
mg, and Ethiopic manuscripts.
In John 8:10b it reads που εισιν οι κατηγοροι σου along with manuscripts: Seidelianus I, Vaticanus 354, manuscripts of Ferrar Family (f13), 28
, 225
, 700, 1009, instead of που εισιν [εκεινοι] οι κατηγοροι σου as manuscripts Basilensis, Boreelianus, Seidelianus I, Cyprius, 1079, or που εισιν as manuscripts Bezae, Campianus, Tischendorfianus IV, Tischendorfianus III, and manuscripts of Lake's Family (f1).
In John 8:11 it reads ειπεν δε αυτη ο Ιησους against reading ο δε Ιησους ειπεν αυτη or ειπεν δε ο Ιησους; the reading of the codex is supported by codices Tischendorfianus IV and minuscule 700.
, Vaticanus (B)
, Ephraemi (C)
, Bezae (D), Dublinensis
, Tischendorfianus IV, Sangallensis, Petropolitanus, the reading υπο κυριου is supported by Basilensis, Cyprius
, Regius, Campianus
, Vaticanus 354, U, Mosquensis II.
In Matthew 27:49 it has Alexandrian interpolation ἄλλος δὲ λαβὼν λόγχην ἒνυξεν αὐτοῦ τὴν πλευράν, καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ὖδορ καὶ αἳμα (the other took a spear and pierced His side, and immediately came out water and blood), this reading was derived from John
19:34 – it is found in Codex Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, Ephraemi Rescriptus, Regius, Tischendorfianus IV, 1010, 1293, syrpal, ethmss.
In John 1:29 ο Ιωαννης is omitted, as in Alexandrian and old Byzantine manuscripts.
In John 2:13 it has reading ο Ιησους εις Ιεροσολυμα (Jesus to Jerusalem), majority of manuscripts has order εις Ιεροσολυμα ο Ιησους (to Jerusalem Jesuss); the reading of the codex is supported by the manuscripts: Papyrus 66
, Papyrus 75
, Codex Seidelianus I
, Codex Regius
, Campianus
, Petropolitanus Purpureus
, Uncial 0211
, 1010 1505, lectionary 425, lectionary 640, and several other manuscripts.
In John 4:35 it reads ετι τετραμενος εστι, majority of the manuscripts has τετραμενος εστι.
In John 5:5 it reads τριακοντα και οκτω ετη (thirty and eight years) as in Alexandrian manuscripts, majority reads τριακονταοκτω ετη (thirty eight years). Word εχων after ετη is omitted.
In John 5:16 phrase οι Ιουδαιοι τον Ιησουν has Alexandrian sequence of words, the majority has τον Ιησουν οι Ιουδαιοι.
In John 5:44 it reads αλληλων as in Alexandrian manuscripts, majority reads ανθρωπων.
In John 6:40 it reads τουτο γαρ as Alexandrian manuscripts, majority reads τουτο δε.
In John 6:54 it has reading καγω αναστησω as Alexandrian manuscripts, majority reads και εγω αναστησω.
In John 7:8 it reads ο εμος καιρος as Alexandrian manuscripts, majority has ο καιρος ο εμος.
, (33, 1241), g1, syrh.
In John 2:1 it reads τριτη ημερα (third day) for ημερα τη τριτη (the third day); the reading is supported by the manuscripts: Vaticanus, Koridethi
, manuscripts of Ferrar Family
, minuscule 196
, minuscule 743.
In John 2:3 it has unique reading λεγει η μητηρ αυτου προς αυτον (his mother said to him), all other manuscripts have λεγει η μητηρ του Ιησου προς αυτον (mother of Jesus said to him).
In John 3:2 it reads προς αυτον (to him), majority of manuscripts have προς τον Ιησουν (to Jesus); the reading of the codex is supported by Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Cyprius, Regius, Vaticanus 354
, Macedoniensis, Sangallensis, Koridethi, Tischendorfianus III, Petropolitanus, Atous Lavrensis, Athous Dionysiou, Uncial 047
, Uncial 0211
, Minuscule 7
, 9
, 461, 565
.
In John 3:34 it has unique reading εκ μερους (by part) instead of εκ μετρου (by measure); the reading is supported only by minuscule 1505.
In John 4:51 it reads υιος (son) for παις (servant), the reading of the codex is supported by Codex Bezae, Cyprius, Petropolitanus Purpureus, Petropolitanus, 0141
, 33
, 194
, 196
, 743, 817, 892, 1192, 1216, 1241.
In John 6:3 phrase ο Ιησους εις το ορος (Jesus on the mountain) has unique sequence of words, other manuscripts have εις το ορος ο Ιησους (on the mountain Jesus).
In John 6:24 it has unique reading εγνω (knew) for ειδεν (saw); it is not supported by other manuscripts.
In John 6:51 it has unique reading περι της του κοσμου ζωης (about the life of the world), other manuscripts have υπερ της του κοσμου ζωης (for the life of the world).
In John 6:67 it has unique reading μαθηταις (disciples), it is supported by Codex Koridethi, other manuscripts have δωδεκα (twelfe).
In John 7:17 it has usual reading ποτερον, but corrector changed it into προτερον, the reading is found in minuscules 1216 and 1519.
In John 7:32 it has reading οι αρχιερεις και οι Φαρισαιοι υπηρετας, the reading is supported by manuscripts: Papyrus 75
, Vaticanus, Seidelianus I, Cyprius, Regius, Petropolitanus Purpureus, Borgianus, Washingtonianus
, Koridethi, Petropolitanus, Athous Lavrensis, 0105
, 0141, 9
, 565, 1241. Majority of manuscripts has this reading in sequence υπηρετας οι Φαρισαιοι και οι αρχιερεις.
In John 7:34 phrase και οπου ειμι εγω υμεις ου δυνασθε ελθειν is omitted (and where I am you cannot come). This omission is not supported by any examined manuscript.
The codex is named after its last owner, Giovanni Nanni (1432–1502). The codex was described by Ferdinand Mingarelli.
The first collator of the codex was Friedrich Münter
(1761–1830), who sent some extracts from the text of the codex to Andreas Birch. Birch used these extracts in his edition of the text of the four Gospels in Greek. Then Birch examined the manuscript himself and gave its description in 1801:
It was slightly examined by Scholz. Thomas Hartwell Horne
gave this description of the codex:
The text of the manuscript was collated by Tischendorf
in 1843 and by Tregelles
in 1846, thoroughly and independently. They compared their work at Leipzig for the purpose of mutual correction.
Tischendorf cited often the manuscript in his Editio Octava Critica Maior. Gregory saw the manuscript in 1886.
William Hatch
published one page of the codex as photographic facsimile in 1939.
Bruce M. Metzger did not describe the manuscript in his The Text of the New Testament… or in Manuscripts of the Greek Bible…, and it one of the very few uncial manuscripts with sigla (01-045) did not described by Metzger. It means according to him it has low textual importance. The manuscript is rarely cited in critical editions of the Greek New Testament
NA27/UBS4. It is not mentioned in Introduction to the 26th edition of Novum Testamentum Graece of Nestle-Aland. It is often cited in The Gospel According to John in the Byzantine Tradition (2007).
The codex currently is located, in Venice
, the Biblioteca Marciana
, 1397 (1, 8).
Critical edition of the Greek New Testament [NA26]
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Uncial
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manuscript
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s of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
on parchment, dated palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
to the 9th century. The manuscript has complex contents, with full marginalia (see picture). The codex is named after its last owner. It is also known as Codex Venetus Marcianus.
The text of the codex usually follows the majority text, but with departures, some of them represent Alexandrian
Alexandrian text-type
The Alexandrian text-type , associated with Alexandria, is one of several text-types used in New Testament textual criticism to describe and group the textual character of biblical manuscripts...
tradition. The manuscript is rarely cited in the present critical editions of the Greek New Testament.
Description
The codex contains 291 parchment leaves , with a complete text of the four GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s. The leaves are arranged in quarto (four leaves in quire). The text is written in two columns per page, and 21 lines per column, in brown ink. According to Scrivener
Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener
The Reverend Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener, LL.D. was an important text critic of the New Testament and a member of the English New Testament Revision Committee which produced the Revised Version of the Bible...
the manuscript is carefully and luxury written.
The ornaments are in gold and colours.
The initial letters in gold and decorated. The letters are high, and round. They have breathings and accents
Greek diacritics
Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The complex polytonic orthography notates Ancient Greek phonology...
.
It is an ornamented codex, with full marginalia
Marginalia
Marginalia are scribbles, comments, and illuminations in the margins of a book.- Biblical manuscripts :Biblical manuscripts have liturgical notes at the margin, for liturgical use. Numbers of texts' divisions are given at the margin...
, as well illuminations
Illuminated manuscript
An illuminated manuscript is a manuscript in which the text is supplemented by the addition of decoration, such as decorated initials, borders and miniature illustrations...
such as pictures and golden ornaments. It is written in well rounded uncials, Letters are in general an imitation of those used before the introduction of compressed uncial
Uncial
Uncial is a majuscule script commonly used from the 3rd to 8th centuries AD by Latin and Greek scribes. Uncial letters are written in either Greek, Latin, or Gothic.-Development:...
s. The letters are compressed only at the end of line. It is shown in Tregelles' facsimile, the oblong omicron
Omicron
Omicron is the 15th letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 70. It is rarely used in mathematics because it is indistinguishable from the Latin letter O and easily confused with the digit 0...
s creep at the end of lines 2 and 4. Samuel Prideaux Tregelles
Samuel Prideaux Tregelles
Samuel Prideaux Tregelles was an English biblical scholar, textual critic, and theologian.- Life :Tregelles was born at Wodehouse Place, Falmouth, of Quaker parents, but he himself for many years was in communion with the Plymouth Brethren and then later in life became a Presbyterian...
found that the "letters are in general an imitation of those used before the introduction of compressed uncials; but they do not belong to the age when full and round writing was customary or natural, so that the stiffness and want of ease is manifest".
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their (titles) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections
Ammonian Sections
Eusebian canons or Eusebian sections, also known as Ammonian Sections, are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The divisions into chapters and verses used in modern texts date only from the 13th and 16th centuries, respectively...
, with references to the Eusebian Canons. Number of sections in Gospel of Mark
Gospel of Mark
The Gospel According to Mark , commonly shortened to the Gospel of Mark or simply Mark, is the second book of the New Testament. This canonical account of the life of Jesus of Nazareth is one of the three synoptic gospels. It was thought to be an epitome, which accounts for its place as the second...
is 233 (usual is 235), the last section in 16:8.
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum
Epistula ad Carpianum
The Epistula ad Carpianum is the title traditionally given to a letter from Eusebius of Caesarea to a Christian named Carpianus....
and Eusebian tables at the beginning of the manuscript, tables of the (tables of contents) before each Gospel, golden ornaments, subscriptions at the end of each Gospel, and pictures. Before Gospel of Mark it has picture with the baptism of Jesus; before Gospel of John it has picture with the rays from the clouds, John stands, and Prochorus
Prochorus (deacon)
Prochorus was one of the Seven Deacons chosen to care for the poor of the Christian community in Jerusalem . According to the later tradition he was one of the Seventy Apostles sent out by Jesus in Luke 10....
writes.
Text type
The Greek text of this codexCodex
A codex is a book in the format used for modern books, with multiple quires or gatherings typically bound together and given a cover.Developed by the Romans from wooden writing tablets, its gradual replacement...
is a representative of the Byzantine text-type
Byzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. The non-Byzantine readings are confirmed by Codex Monacensis
Codex Monacensis
Codex Monacensis designated by X or 033 , A3 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 9th or 10th century...
and minuscule 1071, though there is no real reason to think they are related.
The manuscript stands in some relationship to the Codex Basilensis and other textual members of the textual family Family E
Family E
Family E is a textual group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of its textual families, it is one of the primary early families of the Byzantine text-type...
, but Nanianus does not belong to this family.
Hermann von Soden classified its text to the his textual group Io which refers to nine manuscripts in Luke. They do not form a group. According to Soden textual group Io, is a result of recension Pamphilus from Caeasarea (ca. 300 AD). Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category V, though it is not pure the Byzantine text, with a number non-Byzantine readings.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family Kx
Family Kx
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in Luke 10, in Luke 1 and Luke 20 it has mixed Byzantine text. It is close to minuscules 974 and 1006 in Luke 1 and Luke 10.
The manuscript contains the spurious texts of the Signs of the times (Matthew 16:2b-3), Christ's agony at Gethsemane
Christ's agony at Gethsemane
Christ's agony at Gethsemane is a passage in the Gospel of Luke , describing a prayer of Jesus, after which he receives strength from an angel, on the Mount of Olives prior to his betrayal and arrest...
(Luke 22:43-44), John 5:3.4, and the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) without any mark. It contains the longer ending of Mark (16:9-20), but there is not the Ammonian Sections and Eusebian Canons at the margin. In text of Pericope Adulterae it has several peculiar readings (see section below), some of them has textual affinities with Codex Tischendorfianus III
Codex Tischendorfianus III
Codex Tischendorfianus III – designated by siglum Λ or 039 , ε 77 – is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels on parchment...
.
Pericope Adulterae
In JohnGospel of John
The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus...
8:2 after οφθρου δε παλιν it has reading βαθεος ελθεν ο Ιησους instead of παρεγενετο.
In John 8:4 it reads ειπον (said) for λεγουσι (say); the reading is supported by Codex Tischendorfianus III
Codex Tischendorfianus III
Codex Tischendorfianus III – designated by siglum Λ or 039 , ε 77 – is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels on parchment...
.
In John 8:7 it reads αναβλεψας instead of ανακυψας or ανεκυψεν, along with Tischendorfianus III, manuscripts of Ferrar Group
Family 13
Family 13, also known Ferrar Group , is a group of Greek Gospel manuscripts, varying in date from the 11th to the 15th century, which display a distinctive pattern of variant readings — especially in placing the story of Jesus and the woman taken in adultery in the Gospel of Luke, rather than in...
(f13), and 700
Minuscule 700
Minuscule 700 , ε 133 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the Gospels. Formerly it was labelled as 604 in all catalogues , Gregory gave it the number 700....
.
In John 8:8 the codex represents unique textual addition: ενος εκαστου αυτων τας αμαρτιας (sins of every one of them). This textual variant is supported by the manuscripts: Minuscule 73
Minuscule 73
Minuscule 73 , ε 260 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. The manuscript has complex contents with full marginalia....
, 95
Minuscule 95
Minuscule 95 , A212 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. It has marginalia.- Description :...
, 331
Minuscule 331
Minuscule 331 , ε 1085 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century....
, 364
Minuscule 364
Minuscule 364 , ε 1011 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 10th century.It has marginalia.- Description :...
, 413
Minuscule 413
Minuscule 413 , ε 420 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1302.It has marginalia.- Description :...
, 658
Minuscule 658
Minuscule 658 , ε 1215 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th or 13th century. The manuscript has complex contents. Scrivener labelled it by 636e.- Description :The codex contains the complete text of the four...
, 700
Minuscule 700
Minuscule 700 , ε 133 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the Gospels. Formerly it was labelled as 604 in all catalogues , Gregory gave it the number 700....
, 782
Minuscule 782 (Gregory-Aland)
Minuscule 782 , ε466 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament written on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. The manuscript has complex contents.- Description :...
, 1592, and some Armenian manuscripts. Minuscule 652
Minuscule 652
Minuscule 652 , ε 1095 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 10th century. The manuscript has complex contents. Scrivener labelled it by 875.- Description :The codex contains the text of the four Gospels, on 305 parchment...
has this variant on the margin added by a later hand. Minuscule 264
Minuscule 264
Minuscule 264 , ε 284 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. It has marginalia.- Description :...
has this textual variant in John 8:6.
In John 8:10a it reads Ιησους ειδεν αυτην και against reading: Ιησους και μηδενα θεασαμενος πλην της γυναικος, and reading: Ιησους. The reading of the codex is supported by the manuscripts: Tischendorfianus III, manuscripts of f13, 225
Minuscule 225
Minuscule 225 , ε 1210 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1192. It was adapted for liturgical use.- Description :...
, 700, 1077, 1443, Lectionary 185
Lectionary 185
Lectionary 185, designated by siglum ℓ 185 is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves...
mg, and Ethiopic manuscripts.
In John 8:10b it reads που εισιν οι κατηγοροι σου along with manuscripts: Seidelianus I, Vaticanus 354, manuscripts of Ferrar Family (f13), 28
Minuscule 28
Minuscule 28 , ε 168 , formerly known as Colbertinus 4705, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on vellum. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. It has marginalia. It is lacunose.- Description :The codex contains the text of the four Gospels on 292...
, 225
Minuscule 225
Minuscule 225 , ε 1210 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1192. It was adapted for liturgical use.- Description :...
, 700, 1009, instead of που εισιν [εκεινοι] οι κατηγοροι σου as manuscripts Basilensis, Boreelianus, Seidelianus I, Cyprius, 1079, or που εισιν as manuscripts Bezae, Campianus, Tischendorfianus IV, Tischendorfianus III, and manuscripts of Lake's Family (f1).
In John 8:11 it reads ειπεν δε αυτη ο Ιησους against reading ο δε Ιησους ειπεν αυτη or ειπεν δε ο Ιησους; the reading of the codex is supported by codices Tischendorfianus IV and minuscule 700.
Alexandrian readings
In Matthew 2:15 – the same in Matthew 2:17 – it reads υπο του κυριου for υπο κυριου; the reading of the manuscript is supported by codices: Sinaiticus (א)Codex Sinaiticus
Codex Sinaiticus is one of the four great uncial codices, an ancient, handwritten copy of the Greek Bible. It is an Alexandrian text-type manuscript written in the 4th century in uncial letters on parchment. Current scholarship considers the Codex Sinaiticus to be one of the best Greek texts of...
, Vaticanus (B)
Codex Vaticanus
The Codex Vaticanus , is one of the oldest extant manuscripts of the Greek Bible , one of the four great uncial codices. The Codex is named for the residence in the Vatican Library, where it has been stored since at least the 15th century...
, Ephraemi (C)
Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus
Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus is an early 5th century Greek manuscript of the Bible, the last in the group of the four great uncial manuscripts...
, Bezae (D), Dublinensis
Codex Dublinensis
Codex Dublinensis designated by Z or 035 , ε 26 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 6th century. The manuscript is lacunose.- Description :...
, Tischendorfianus IV, Sangallensis, Petropolitanus, the reading υπο κυριου is supported by Basilensis, Cyprius
Codex Cyprius
Codex Cyprius, designated by Ke or 017 , ε 71 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the four Gospels, on parchment. It was variously dated in the past , currently it is dated to the 9th century. It was brought from Cyprus to Paris...
, Regius, Campianus
Codex Campianus
Codex Campianus designated by M or 021 , ε 72 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 9th century...
, Vaticanus 354, U, Mosquensis II.
In Matthew 27:49 it has Alexandrian interpolation ἄλλος δὲ λαβὼν λόγχην ἒνυξεν αὐτοῦ τὴν πλευράν, καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ὖδορ καὶ αἳμα (the other took a spear and pierced His side, and immediately came out water and blood), this reading was derived from John
Gospel of John
The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus...
19:34 – it is found in Codex Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, Ephraemi Rescriptus, Regius, Tischendorfianus IV, 1010, 1293, syrpal, ethmss.
In John 1:29 ο Ιωαννης is omitted, as in Alexandrian and old Byzantine manuscripts.
In John 2:13 it has reading ο Ιησους εις Ιεροσολυμα (Jesus to Jerusalem), majority of manuscripts has order εις Ιεροσολυμα ο Ιησους (to Jerusalem Jesuss); the reading of the codex is supported by the manuscripts: Papyrus 66
Papyrus 66
Papyrus 66 is a near complete codex of the Gospel of John, and part of the collection known as the Bodmer Papyri.-Description:...
, Papyrus 75
Papyrus 75
Papyrus 75 is an early Greek New Testament papyrus.- Description :Originally '[it] contained about 144 pages ... of which 102 have survived, either in whole or in part.' It 'contains about half the text of ... two Gospels' – Luke and John in Greek...
, Codex Seidelianus I
Codex Seidelianus I
Codex Seidelianus I, designated by siglum Ge or 011 , ε 87 is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 9th century . The codex contains 252 parchment leaves...
, Codex Regius
Codex Regius (New Testament)
Codex Regius designated by siglum Le or 019 , ε 56 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 8th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It has marginalia....
, Campianus
Codex Campianus
Codex Campianus designated by M or 021 , ε 72 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 9th century...
, Petropolitanus Purpureus
Codex Petropolitanus Purpureus
Codex Petropolitanus Purpureus, designated by N or 022 , ε 19 , is a 6th century Greek New Testament codex gospel book. Written in majuscules , on 231 parchment leaves, measuring 32 x 27 cm...
, Uncial 0211
Uncial 0211
Uncial 0211 , ε 051 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 7th century.- Description :...
, 1010 1505, lectionary 425, lectionary 640, and several other manuscripts.
In John 4:35 it reads ετι τετραμενος εστι, majority of the manuscripts has τετραμενος εστι.
In John 5:5 it reads τριακοντα και οκτω ετη (thirty and eight years) as in Alexandrian manuscripts, majority reads τριακονταοκτω ετη (thirty eight years). Word εχων after ετη is omitted.
In John 5:16 phrase οι Ιουδαιοι τον Ιησουν has Alexandrian sequence of words, the majority has τον Ιησουν οι Ιουδαιοι.
In John 5:44 it reads αλληλων as in Alexandrian manuscripts, majority reads ανθρωπων.
In John 6:40 it reads τουτο γαρ as Alexandrian manuscripts, majority reads τουτο δε.
In John 6:54 it has reading καγω αναστησω as Alexandrian manuscripts, majority reads και εγω αναστησω.
In John 7:8 it reads ο εμος καιρος as Alexandrian manuscripts, majority has ο καιρος ο εμος.
Other readings
In Matthew 8:13 it has interpolation και υποστρεψας ο εκατονταρχος εις τον οικον αυτου εν αυτη τη ωρα ευρεν τον παιδα υγιαινοντα (and when the centurion returned to the house in that hour, he found the slave well). Sinaiticus, Ephraemi, Basilensis (with asterisk), Campianus, (Petropolitanus Purpureus), Koridethi, (0250), f1Family 1
Family 1 is a group of Greek Gospel manuscripts, varying in date from the 12th to the 15th century. The group takes its name from the minuscule codex 1, now in the Basel University Library. "Family 1" is also known as "the Lake Group", symbolized as f1. Hermann von Soden calls the group Ih...
, (33, 1241), g1, syrh.
In John 2:1 it reads τριτη ημερα (third day) for ημερα τη τριτη (the third day); the reading is supported by the manuscripts: Vaticanus, Koridethi
Codex Koridethi
The Codex Koridethi, also named Codex Coridethianus, designated by Θ, 038, or Theta , ε 050 , is a 9th century manuscript of the four Gospels. It is written in Greek with uncial script in two columns per page, in 25 lines per page...
, manuscripts of Ferrar Family
Family 13
Family 13, also known Ferrar Group , is a group of Greek Gospel manuscripts, varying in date from the 11th to the 15th century, which display a distinctive pattern of variant readings — especially in placing the story of Jesus and the woman taken in adultery in the Gospel of Luke, rather than in...
, minuscule 196
Minuscule 196
Minuscule 196 , Zε23 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. It has marginalia.- Description :...
, minuscule 743.
In John 2:3 it has unique reading λεγει η μητηρ αυτου προς αυτον (his mother said to him), all other manuscripts have λεγει η μητηρ του Ιησου προς αυτον (mother of Jesus said to him).
In John 3:2 it reads προς αυτον (to him), majority of manuscripts have προς τον Ιησουν (to Jesus); the reading of the codex is supported by Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Cyprius, Regius, Vaticanus 354
Codex Vaticanus 354
Codex Vaticanus, designated by S or 028 , ε 1027 , formerly called Codex Guelpherbytanus, is a Greek manuscript of the four Gospels which can be dated to a specific year instead of an estimated range. The colophon of the codex lists the date as 949...
, Macedoniensis, Sangallensis, Koridethi, Tischendorfianus III, Petropolitanus, Atous Lavrensis, Athous Dionysiou, Uncial 047
Uncial 047
Uncial 047 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels. The codex is dated paleographically to the 8th century. Formerly the codex was designated by Hebrew letter ב...
, Uncial 0211
Uncial 0211
Uncial 0211 , ε 051 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 7th century.- Description :...
, Minuscule 7
Minuscule 7
Minuscule 7 ; ε 287 . It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century.- Description :...
, 9
Minuscule 9
Minuscule 9 , ε 279 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century, but according to the colophon it was written in the year 1167....
, 461, 565
Minuscule 565
Minuscule 565 , ε 93 , also known as the Empress Theodora's Codex. It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on purple parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century...
.
In John 3:34 it has unique reading εκ μερους (by part) instead of εκ μετρου (by measure); the reading is supported only by minuscule 1505.
In John 4:51 it reads υιος (son) for παις (servant), the reading of the codex is supported by Codex Bezae, Cyprius, Petropolitanus Purpureus, Petropolitanus, 0141
Uncial 0141
Uncial 0141 , CL13 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 10th century.- Description :...
, 33
Minuscule 33
Minuscule 33 , δ 48 , formerly it was called Codex Colbertinus 2844, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It has marginalia...
, 194
Minuscule 194
Minuscule 194 , A130 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. It has marginalia.- Description :...
, 196
Minuscule 196
Minuscule 196 , Zε23 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. It has marginalia.- Description :...
, 743, 817, 892, 1192, 1216, 1241.
In John 6:3 phrase ο Ιησους εις το ορος (Jesus on the mountain) has unique sequence of words, other manuscripts have εις το ορος ο Ιησους (on the mountain Jesus).
In John 6:24 it has unique reading εγνω (knew) for ειδεν (saw); it is not supported by other manuscripts.
In John 6:51 it has unique reading περι της του κοσμου ζωης (about the life of the world), other manuscripts have υπερ της του κοσμου ζωης (for the life of the world).
In John 6:67 it has unique reading μαθηταις (disciples), it is supported by Codex Koridethi, other manuscripts have δωδεκα (twelfe).
In John 7:17 it has usual reading ποτερον, but corrector changed it into προτερον, the reading is found in minuscules 1216 and 1519.
In John 7:32 it has reading οι αρχιερεις και οι Φαρισαιοι υπηρετας, the reading is supported by manuscripts: Papyrus 75
Papyrus 75
Papyrus 75 is an early Greek New Testament papyrus.- Description :Originally '[it] contained about 144 pages ... of which 102 have survived, either in whole or in part.' It 'contains about half the text of ... two Gospels' – Luke and John in Greek...
, Vaticanus, Seidelianus I, Cyprius, Regius, Petropolitanus Purpureus, Borgianus, Washingtonianus
Codex Washingtonianus
The Codex Washingtonianus or Codex Washingtonensis, designated by W or 032 , ε 014 , also called the Washington Manuscript of the Gospels, and The Freer Gospel, contains the four biblical gospels and was written in Greek on vellum in the fourth or fifth century...
, Koridethi, Petropolitanus, Athous Lavrensis, 0105
Uncial 0105
Uncial 0105 , ε 45 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament. It is dated paleographically to the 10th century. Formerly it was labelled by Wn.- Description :...
, 0141, 9
Minuscule 9
Minuscule 9 , ε 279 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century, but according to the colophon it was written in the year 1167....
, 565, 1241. Majority of manuscripts has this reading in sequence υπηρετας οι Φαρισαιοι και οι αρχιερεις.
In John 7:34 phrase και οπου ειμι εγω υμεις ου δυνασθε ελθειν is omitted (and where I am you cannot come). This omission is not supported by any examined manuscript.
History
Andreas Birch dated the manuscript to the 10 or 11th century. Scholz dated it to the 10th century. Scrivener writes that it dates "scarcely before the tenth century, although the letters are in general an imitation of those used before the introduction of compressed uncials". The present palaeographers dated the manuscript to the 9th century. Tregelles and Gregory dated it to the 9th or 10th century.The codex is named after its last owner, Giovanni Nanni (1432–1502). The codex was described by Ferdinand Mingarelli.
The first collator of the codex was Friedrich Münter
Friedrich Münter
Friedrich Christian Carl Heinrich Münter was a German-Danish scholar, professor of theology at the University of Copenhagen, orientalist, church historian, archaeologist, Danish bishop of Zealand, and freemason...
(1761–1830), who sent some extracts from the text of the codex to Andreas Birch. Birch used these extracts in his edition of the text of the four Gospels in Greek. Then Birch examined the manuscript himself and gave its description in 1801:
In Bibliotheca Equitis Nanii codex asservatur charactere unciali exaratus Seculo X vel XI, complectens Qvattuor Evangelia cum Eusebii Canonibus. De hoc plura vide in Catalogo Codd. graecorum, qvi apud Nanios asservantur, studio et opera Mingarelli publicatam. Excerpta hujus codicis in adnotationibus hinc inde obvia, mecum communicavit Vir. Cl. Münter, cui etiam debeo notitiam duorum codicum qvi seqvuntur.
It was slightly examined by Scholz. Thomas Hartwell Horne
Thomas Hartwell Horne
Thomas Hartwell Horne , was a theologian, and librarian. He was born in London and educated at Christ's Hospital. He then became a clerk to a barrister, and used his spare time to write. He was initially affiliated with the Wesleyans but later joined the Church of England.Horne wrote more than...
gave this description of the codex:
The Codex Nanianus I., in the library of St. Mark, at Venice, contains the four Gospels with the Eusebian canons. It is nearly entire, and for the most part agrees with the Constantinopolitan recension. Dr. Birch, by whom it was first collated, refers it to the tenth of eleventh century; Dr. Scholz, to the tenth century.
The text of the manuscript was collated by Tischendorf
Constantin von Tischendorf
Lobegott Friedrich Constantin Tischendorf was a noted German Biblical scholar. He deciphered the Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus, a 5th century Greek manuscript of the New Testament, in the 1840s, and rediscovered the Codex Sinaiticus, a 4th century New Testament manuscript, in 1859.Tischendorf...
in 1843 and by Tregelles
Samuel Prideaux Tregelles
Samuel Prideaux Tregelles was an English biblical scholar, textual critic, and theologian.- Life :Tregelles was born at Wodehouse Place, Falmouth, of Quaker parents, but he himself for many years was in communion with the Plymouth Brethren and then later in life became a Presbyterian...
in 1846, thoroughly and independently. They compared their work at Leipzig for the purpose of mutual correction.
Tischendorf cited often the manuscript in his Editio Octava Critica Maior. Gregory saw the manuscript in 1886.
William Hatch
William Hatch
William Henry Paine Hatch, Ph.D., D.D. was an American theologian, born at Camden, N. J. He attended Harvard, graduating in 1898 . Afterward, he graduated at the Episcopal Theological Seminary in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and from the General Theological Seminary in New York City...
published one page of the codex as photographic facsimile in 1939.
Bruce M. Metzger did not describe the manuscript in his The Text of the New Testament… or in Manuscripts of the Greek Bible…, and it one of the very few uncial manuscripts with sigla (01-045) did not described by Metzger. It means according to him it has low textual importance. The manuscript is rarely cited in critical editions of the Greek New Testament
Novum Testamentum Graece
Novum Testamentum Graece is the Latin name editions of the original Greek-language version of the New Testament.The first printed edition was the Complutensian Polyglot Bible by Cardinal Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros, printed in 1514, but not published until 1520...
NA27/UBS4. It is not mentioned in Introduction to the 26th edition of Novum Testamentum Graece of Nestle-Aland. It is often cited in The Gospel According to John in the Byzantine Tradition (2007).
The codex currently is located, in Venice
Venice
Venice is a city in northern Italy which is renowned for the beauty of its setting, its architecture and its artworks. It is the capital of the Veneto region...
, the Biblioteca Marciana
Biblioteca Marciana
The Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana is a library and Renaissance building in Venice, northern Italy; it is one of the earliest surviving public manuscript depositories in the country, holding one of the greatest classical texts collections in the world. The library is named after St. Mark, the...
, 1397 (1, 8).
See also
- List of New Testament uncials
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
Further reading
Facsimile- W. H. P. HatchWilliam HatchWilliam Henry Paine Hatch, Ph.D., D.D. was an American theologian, born at Camden, N. J. He attended Harvard, graduating in 1898 . Afterward, he graduated at the Episcopal Theological Seminary in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and from the General Theological Seminary in New York City...
, The Principal Uncial Manuscripts of the New Testament (Cambridge 1939), p. LXII (Plate)
Critical edition of the Greek New Testament [NA26]
- The Gospel According to John in the Byzantine Tradition (Deutsche BibelgesellschaftDeutsche BibelgesellschaftThe Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft is a religious foundation regulated by public law. It is involved in publishing and in spreading the message of the Bible....
: Stuttgart 2007)
Related articles
- Russell Champlin, Family E and Its Allies in Matthew (Studies and Documents, XXIII; Salt Lake City, UT, 1967)
- J. Greelings, Family E and Its Allies in Mark (Studies and Documents, XXXI; Salt Lake City, UT, 1968)
- J. Greelings, Family E and Its Allies in Luke (Studies and Documents, XXXV; Salt Lake City, UT, 1968)
- Frederik Wisse, Family E and the Profile Method, Biblica 51, (1970), pp. 67–75
External links
- Codex Nanianus, U (30): at the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism