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Coca-Cola formula



 
 
The Coca-Cola formula is The Coca-Cola Company
The Coca-Cola Company

The Coca-Cola Company is the world's largest beverage company, largest manufacturer, distributor and marketer of non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups in the world and is one of the largest corporations in the United States....
's secret recipe for Coca-Cola
Coca-Cola

Coca-Cola is a carbonation soft drink sold in stores, restaurants and vending machines worldwide . It is produced by The Coca-Cola Company in Atlanta, Georgia, and is often referred to simply as Coke or as Cola or Pop....
. As a publicity
Publicity

Publicity is the deliberate attempt to manage the public's perception of a subject. The subjects of publicity include people , product and services, organizations of all kinds, and works of art or entertainment....
 marketing strategy
Marketing strategy

A marketing strategy is a process that can allow an organization to concentrate its limited resources on the greatest opportunities to increase sales and achieve a sustainable competitive advantage....
 started by Robert W. Woodruff
Robert W. Woodruff

Robert Winship Woodruff was the president of The Coca-Cola Company from 1923 until 1954. With his enormous Coke fortune, he was also a major philanthropist, and many educational and cultural landmarks in the United States city of Atlanta, Georgia, bear his name....
, the company presents the formula as a closely held trade secret
Trade secret

A trade secret is a formula, Best practice, process, design, Legal instrument, pattern, or compilation of information which is not generally known or reasonably ascertainable, by which a business can obtain an economic advantage over competitors or customers....
 known only to a few employees, mostly executive
Executive

Executive may refer to:* Executive , a branch of government authority, along with the legislative and judiciary.* Executive order, an edict issued by a member of the executive branch of a government...
s.

Contents
Published accounts say it contains sugar crystals, caramel
Caramel

Caramel refers to a range of confectionerys that are beige to dark brown in color and derived from the caramelization of sugar. Caramel is often made when cooking sweets....
, caffeine
Caffeine

Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a psychoactive stimulant drug and a mild diuretic. Caffeine was discovered by a German chemist, Friedrich Ferdinand Runge, in 1819....
, phosphoric acid
Phosphoric acid

Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid or phosphoric acid, is a mineral acid having the chemical formula Hydrogen3PhosphorusOxygen4....
, coca leaf
Coca

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays a significant role in traditional Andean culture....
 and kola nut
Kola nut

Kola nut is a genus of about 125 species of trees native to the tropical rainforests of Africa, classified in the family Malvaceae, subfamily Sterculioideae ....
 extract, lime
Lime (fruit)

Lime is a term referring to a number of different fruits , both species and Hybrid , which are typically round, green to yellow in color, 3?6 cm in diameter, generally containing sour pulp, and frequently associated with the lemon....
 extract, flavoring mixture, vanilla
Vanilla

Vanilla is a flavoring derived from orchids of the genus Vanilla native to Mexico. Etymologically, vanilla derives from the Spanish language word "", little pod....
 and glycerin. Alleged syrup recipes vary greatly, and Coca-Cola reluctantly admits the formula has changed over the decades.






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Encyclopedia


The Coca-Cola formula is The Coca-Cola Company
The Coca-Cola Company

The Coca-Cola Company is the world's largest beverage company, largest manufacturer, distributor and marketer of non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups in the world and is one of the largest corporations in the United States....
's secret recipe for Coca-Cola
Coca-Cola

Coca-Cola is a carbonation soft drink sold in stores, restaurants and vending machines worldwide . It is produced by The Coca-Cola Company in Atlanta, Georgia, and is often referred to simply as Coke or as Cola or Pop....
. As a publicity
Publicity

Publicity is the deliberate attempt to manage the public's perception of a subject. The subjects of publicity include people , product and services, organizations of all kinds, and works of art or entertainment....
 marketing strategy
Marketing strategy

A marketing strategy is a process that can allow an organization to concentrate its limited resources on the greatest opportunities to increase sales and achieve a sustainable competitive advantage....
 started by Robert W. Woodruff
Robert W. Woodruff

Robert Winship Woodruff was the president of The Coca-Cola Company from 1923 until 1954. With his enormous Coke fortune, he was also a major philanthropist, and many educational and cultural landmarks in the United States city of Atlanta, Georgia, bear his name....
, the company presents the formula as a closely held trade secret
Trade secret

A trade secret is a formula, Best practice, process, design, Legal instrument, pattern, or compilation of information which is not generally known or reasonably ascertainable, by which a business can obtain an economic advantage over competitors or customers....
 known only to a few employees, mostly executive
Executive

Executive may refer to:* Executive , a branch of government authority, along with the legislative and judiciary.* Executive order, an edict issued by a member of the executive branch of a government...
s.

Contents


Published accounts say it contains sugar crystals, caramel
Caramel

Caramel refers to a range of confectionerys that are beige to dark brown in color and derived from the caramelization of sugar. Caramel is often made when cooking sweets....
, caffeine
Caffeine

Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a psychoactive stimulant drug and a mild diuretic. Caffeine was discovered by a German chemist, Friedrich Ferdinand Runge, in 1819....
, phosphoric acid
Phosphoric acid

Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid or phosphoric acid, is a mineral acid having the chemical formula Hydrogen3PhosphorusOxygen4....
, coca leaf
Coca

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays a significant role in traditional Andean culture....
 and kola nut
Kola nut

Kola nut is a genus of about 125 species of trees native to the tropical rainforests of Africa, classified in the family Malvaceae, subfamily Sterculioideae ....
 extract, lime
Lime (fruit)

Lime is a term referring to a number of different fruits , both species and Hybrid , which are typically round, green to yellow in color, 3?6 cm in diameter, generally containing sour pulp, and frequently associated with the lemon....
 extract, flavoring mixture, vanilla
Vanilla

Vanilla is a flavoring derived from orchids of the genus Vanilla native to Mexico. Etymologically, vanilla derives from the Spanish language word "", little pod....
 and glycerin. Alleged syrup recipes vary greatly, and Coca-Cola reluctantly admits the formula has changed over the decades. The basic “cola” taste from Coca-Cola and competing cola drinks comes mainly from vanilla
Vanilla

Vanilla is a flavoring derived from orchids of the genus Vanilla native to Mexico. Etymologically, vanilla derives from the Spanish language word "", little pod....
 and cinnamon
Cinnamon

Cinnamon is a small evergreen tree 10?15 metres tall, belonging to the family Lauraceae, and is native to Sri Lanka.The leaf are ovate-oblong in shape, 7?18 cm long....
; distinctive tastes among various brands are the result of trace flavorings such as orange
Orange (fruit)

An orange?specifically, the sweet orange?is the citrus Citrus sinensis and its fruit. The orange is a Hybrid of ancient cultivated origin, possibly between pomelo and tangerine ....
, lime
Lime (fruit)

Lime is a term referring to a number of different fruits , both species and Hybrid , which are typically round, green to yellow in color, 3?6 cm in diameter, generally containing sour pulp, and frequently associated with the lemon....
 and lemon
Lemon

The lemon is the common name for Citrus limon. The reproductive tissue surrounds the seed of the angiosperm lemon tree. The lemon is used for culinary and nonculinary purposes throughout the world....
 and spices such as nutmeg
Nutmeg

The nutmegs Myristica are a genus of evergreen trees indigenous to tropical southeast Asia and Australasia. They are important for two spices derived from the fruit, nutmeg and mace....
.

To this day, Coca-Cola uses an ingredient from coca
Coca

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays a significant role in traditional Andean culture....
 leaf extract prepared by a Stepan Company
Stepan Company

Stepan Company is a manufacturer of specialty chemicals headquartered in Northfield, Illinois. The company was founded in 1932 by Alfred C. Stepan, Jr., and has approximately 1,500 employees....
 plant in Maywood, New Jersey, using a process monitored by the Drug Enforcement Administration
Drug Enforcement Administration

The Drug Enforcement Administration is a United States Department of Justice law enforcement agency tasked with combating War on Drugs Not only is the DEA the lead agency for domestic enforcement of the drug policy of the United States , it also has sole responsibility for coordinating and pursuing U.S....
. Because cocaine
Cocaine

Cocaine is a crystalline tropane alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of the coca plant. The name comes from "coca" in addition to the alkaloid suffix -ine, forming cocaine....
 is naturally present in coca leaves, today's Coca-Cola uses "spent", or treated, coca leaves, those that have been through a cocaine extraction process, to flavor the beverage. Some contend that this process cannot extract all of the cocaine alkaloid
Alkaloid

Alkaloids are naturally occurring chemical compounds containing base nitrogen atoms. The name derives from the word alkaline and was used to describe any nitrogen-containing base....
s at a molecular level, and so the drink still contains trace amounts of the stimulant. The Coca-Cola Company currently refuses to comment on the continued presence of coca
Coca

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays a significant role in traditional Andean culture....
 leaf in Coca-Cola.

Kosher Coca-Cola

The closest formula to the original that can be purchased is the 1935 kosher formula which is still produced (as of 2008) though it may be difficult to find outside of Passover, where it is sold in 2-Liter bottles with a yellow or white cap marked with a circle around the letter U
Hechsher

A hechsher is the special certification marking found on the packages of products that have been certified as kosher . In Halakha , the dietary laws of kashrut specify food items that may be eaten and others that are prohibited as set out in the 613 mitzvot of the Torah....
 followed by a P, indicating that the Orthodox Union
Orthodox Union

The Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America , more popularly known as the Orthodox Union, or OU, is one of the oldest Orthodox Judaism organizations in the United States....
 certifies the soda as Kosher for Passover. While the current American Coke formula is kosher, during Passover Ashkenazic Jews (who make up the majority of American Jews) do not consume corn products
Kitniyot

Kitniyot, qit'niyyoth are a category of foods defined by Halakha which Ashkenazi Jews refrain from eating during the Bible festival of Passover....
 or their derivatives, which prevents them from consuming high fructose corn syrup
High fructose corn syrup

High-fructose corn syrup ? called isoglucose in Europe and glucose-fructose in Canada ? comprises any of a group of corn syrups that has undergone enzymatic processing to increase its fructose content, and then been mixed with pure corn syrup ....
. Even sugar-based formulas would still require certification of both the local formula and the specific bottling plant, as the strictures of Kashrut
Kashrut

Kashrut refers to Judaism Taboo food and drink. Food in accord with halakha is termed kosher in English language, from the Ashkenazi Hebrew pronunciation of the Hebrew language term kash?r , meaning "fit" ....
 on Passover are far higher and more complicated than usual kosher observance.

Purported secret recipes


Pemberton Recipe


This recipe is attributed to a sheet of paper found in an old formulary book owned by Coca-Cola inventor, John S. Pemberton, just before his death (U.S. measures). Makes 10 gallons of Soda

  • Ingredients:
    • 1 oz
      Ounce

      This article is about the unit of mass. For the unit of force, see Pound-force. For the unit of volume, see Fluid ounce. For all other uses, see Ounce ....
       caffeine
      Caffeine

      Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a psychoactive stimulant drug and a mild diuretic. Caffeine was discovered by a German chemist, Friedrich Ferdinand Runge, in 1819....
       citrate
    • 3 oz
      Ounce

      This article is about the unit of mass. For the unit of force, see Pound-force. For the unit of volume, see Fluid ounce. For all other uses, see Ounce ....
       citric acid
      Citric acid

      Citric acid is a weak organic chemistry acid, and it is a natural preservative and is also used to add an acidic, or sour, taste to foods and soft drinks....
    • 1 fl oz
      Fluid ounce

      A fluid ounce is a unit of volume in both the Imperial unit and the United States customary units systems. It is common to refer to the unit simply as an ounce, especially in cases where no confusion with the unit of mass is likely to occur....
       extract vanilla
      Vanilla

      Vanilla is a flavoring derived from orchids of the genus Vanilla native to Mexico. Etymologically, vanilla derives from the Spanish language word "", little pod....
    • 1 qt
      Quart

      The quart is an Imperial unit and United States customary units unit of measurement of volume equal to a quarter of a gallon. Since gallons of various sizes have historically been in use, quarts of various sizes have also existed....
       lime
      Lime (fruit)

      Lime is a term referring to a number of different fruits , both species and Hybrid , which are typically round, green to yellow in color, 3?6 cm in diameter, generally containing sour pulp, and frequently associated with the lemon....
       juice
    • 2˝ oz flavoring
    • 30 lb
      Pound (mass)

      The pound or pound-mass is a Units of measurement of massused in the Imperial unit, United States customary units and other systems of measurement....
       (14 kg) sugar
      Sugar

      Sugar is a class of edible crystalline substances, mainly sucrose, lactose, and fructose. Human taste buds interpret its flavor as sweet. Sugar as a basic food carbohydrate primarily comes from sugar cane and from sugar beet, but also appears in fruit, honey, sorghum, sugar maple , and in many other sources....
    • 4 fl oz fluid extract of coca
      Coca

      Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays a significant role in traditional Andean culture....
       (decocainized flavor essence of the coca leaf)
    • gal
      Gallon

      A gallon is a measure of volume of approximately four litres. Historically it has had many different definitions, but there are three definitions in current use....
       water
      Water

      Water is a common chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of life. In typical usage, water refers only to its liquid form or States of matter, but the substance also has a solid state, ice, and a gaseous state, water vapor or steam....
    • Caramel
      Caramel

      Caramel refers to a range of confectionerys that are beige to dark brown in color and derived from the caramelization of sugar. Caramel is often made when cooking sweets....
       sufficient
  • Flavoring:
    • 80 Oil orange
      Orange (fruit)

      An orange?specifically, the sweet orange?is the citrus Citrus sinensis and its fruit. The orange is a Hybrid of ancient cultivated origin, possibly between pomelo and tangerine ....
    • 40 Oil cinnamon
      Cinnamon

      Cinnamon is a small evergreen tree 10?15 metres tall, belonging to the family Lauraceae, and is native to Sri Lanka.The leaf are ovate-oblong in shape, 7?18 cm long....
    • 120 Oil lemon
      Lemon

      The lemon is the common name for Citrus limon. The reproductive tissue surrounds the seed of the angiosperm lemon tree. The lemon is used for culinary and nonculinary purposes throughout the world....
    • 20 Oil coriander
      Coriander

      Coriander is an annual plant herb in the family Apiaceae. It is also known as cilantro, particularly in the USA. Coriander is native to southwestern Asia west to north Africa....
    • 40 Oil nutmeg
      Nutmeg

      The nutmegs Myristica are a genus of evergreen trees indigenous to tropical southeast Asia and Australasia. They are important for two spices derived from the fruit, nutmeg and mace....
    • 40 Oil neroli
      Neroli

      File:Koeh-042.jpgNeroli oil is a plant oil similar in scent to Bergamot orange produced from the blossom of the bitter orange tree .The blossoms are gathered, usually by hand, in late April to early May....
    • "Mix caffeine acid and lime juice in 1 quart boiling water add vanilla and flavoring when cool. Let stand for 24 hours."


This recipe does not specify when sugar
Sugar

Sugar is a class of edible crystalline substances, mainly sucrose, lactose, and fructose. Human taste buds interpret its flavor as sweet. Sugar as a basic food carbohydrate primarily comes from sugar cane and from sugar beet, but also appears in fruit, honey, sorghum, sugar maple , and in many other sources....
, coca
Coca

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays a significant role in traditional Andean culture....
, caramel
Caramel

Caramel refers to a range of confectionerys that are beige to dark brown in color and derived from the caramelization of sugar. Caramel is often made when cooking sweets....
 or the rest of the water
Water

Water is a common chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of life. In typical usage, water refers only to its liquid form or States of matter, but the substance also has a solid state, ice, and a gaseous state, water vapor or steam....
 are added, or the flavoring oil quantity units of measure.

Reed Recipe


This recipe is attributed to pharmacist John Reed
  • 30 pounds (14.2 kg) of sugar
  • 2 US gallons of water
  • 1 quart of lime juice
  • 4 ounces of citrate of caffeine
  • 2 US ounces of citric acid
  • 1 ounce of extract of vanilla
  • 6 drams(3/4 US fluid ounce) of fluid extract of cola
  • 6 drams fluid extract of coca


Merory Recipe

Recipe is from Food Flavorings: Composition, Manufacture and Use. Makes one U.S. gallon
Gallon

A gallon is a measure of volume of approximately four litres. Historically it has had many different definitions, but there are three definitions in current use....
 (3.8 L) of syrup
Syrup

In cooking, a syrup is a thick, viscous liquid, containing a large amount of dissolved sugars, but showing little tendency to deposit crystals....
. Yield (used to flavor carbonated water at 1 fl oz per bottle): 128 bottles, 6.5 fl oz (192 ml).

  • Mix 2,400 gram
    Gram

    The gram , ; symbol g, is a Physical unit of mass.Originally defined as "the absolute weight of a volume of pure water equal to the cube of the hundredth part of a metre, and at the temperature of melting ice" , a gram is now defined as one one-thousandth of the SI base unit, the kilogram, or Scientific notation kg, which itself is...
    s of sugar with just enough water to dissolve the sugar fully. High-fructose corn syrup may be substituted for half the sugar).
  • Add 37 grams of caramel, 3.1 grams of caffine, and 11 grams of phosphoric acid
    Phosphoric acid

    Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid or phosphoric acid, is a mineral acid having the chemical formula Hydrogen3PhosphorusOxygen4....
    .
  • Extract the cocaine
    Cocaine

    Cocaine is a crystalline tropane alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of the coca plant. The name comes from "coca" in addition to the alkaloid suffix -ine, forming cocaine....
     from 1.1 grams of coca leaf (Truxillo growth of coca preferred) with toluol;dry the cocaine extract.
  • Soak the coca
    Coca

    Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays a significant role in traditional Andean culture....
     leaves and kola nut
    Kola nut

    Kola nut is a genus of about 125 species of trees native to the tropical rainforests of Africa, classified in the family Malvaceae, subfamily Sterculioideae ....
    s (both finely powdered; 0.37 gram of kola nuts) in 22 grams of 20 percent alcohol.
  • California white wine
    Wine

    Wine is an alcoholic beverage often made of fermentation grape juice. The natural chemical balance of grapes is such that they can ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes or other nutrients....
     fortified to 20 percent strength was used as the soaking solution circa 1909, but Coca-Cola
    Coca-Cola

    Coca-Cola is a carbonation soft drink sold in stores, restaurants and vending machines worldwide . It is produced by The Coca-Cola Company in Atlanta, Georgia, and is often referred to simply as Coke or as Cola or Pop....
     may have switched to a simple water/alcohol mixture.
  • After soaking, discard the coca and kola and add the liquid to the syrup.
  • Add 30 grams of lime juice (a former ingredient, evidently, that Coca-Cola now denies) or a substitute such as a water solution of citric acid and sodium citrate
    Sodium citrate

    Trisodium citrate has the chemical formula of Na3C6H5O7. It is sometimes referred to simply as sodium citrate, though sodium citrate can refer to any of the three sodium salts of citric acid....
     at lime-juice strength.
  • Mix together 0.88 gram of lemon oil, 0.47 gram of orange oil, 0.20 gram of cassia
    Cassia

    Cassia is an evergreen tree native to southern China, Bangladesh, India, and Vietnam. Like its close relative, cinnamon , it is used primarily for its aromatic bark, which is used as a spice, often under the culinary name of "cinnamon"....
     (Chinese cinnamon) oil. 0.07 gram of nutmeg oil, and, if desired, traces of coriander
    Coriander

    Coriander is an annual plant herb in the family Apiaceae. It is also known as cilantro, particularly in the USA. Coriander is native to southwestern Asia west to north Africa....
    , lavender
    Lavender

    The Lavenders Lavandula are a genus of 39 species of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae, native to the Mediterranean region south to tropical Africa and to the southeast regions of India....
    , and neroli
    Neroli

    File:Koeh-042.jpgNeroli oil is a plant oil similar in scent to Bergamot orange produced from the blossom of the bitter orange tree .The blossoms are gathered, usually by hand, in late April to early May....
     oils, and add to 4.9 grams of 95 percent alcohol.
  • Shake.
  • Add 2.7 grams of water to the oil mixture and let stand for twenty-four hours at about 60 °F
    Fahrenheit

    Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after the physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit , who proposed it in 1724. Today, the scale has largely been replaced by the Celsius scale; it is still in use for non-scientific purposes in the United States and a few other countries such as Belize....
     (15.5 °C
    Celsius

    Celsius is a temperature scale that is named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius , who developed a similar temperature scale two years before his death....
    ). A cloudy layer will separate.
  • Take off the clear part of the liquid only and add the syrup.
  • Add 19 grams of glycerine (from vegetable source, not hog fat, so the drink can be sold to Jew
    Judaism

    Judaism is a set of beliefs and practices originating in the Hebrew Bible , as later further explored and explained in the Talmud and other texts....
    s and Muslim
    Muslim

    :A Muslim , , is an adherent of the religion of Islam. The feminine form is Muslimah . Literally, the word means "one who submits "....
    s who observe their respective religion's dietary restrictions) and 1.5 grams of vanilla extract.
  • Add water (treated with chlorine
    Chlorine

    Chlorine...
    ) to make 1 gallon of syrup.


See also


  • OpenCola
    OpenCola

    OpenCola is a brand of cola unique in that the instructions for making it are freely available and modifiable. Anybody can make the drink, and anyone can modify and improve on the recipe as long as they, too, license their recipe under the GNU General Public License....


External links



Further reading

  • Pendergrast, Mark: For God, Country, and Coca-Cola: The Definitive History of the Great American Soft Drink and the Company That Makes It. New York: Basic Books, 2000 (second edition; ISBN 0-465-05468-4).