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Cities of the ancient Near East
 
 
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Uru was the Sumerian
Sumerian language

Sumerian was the language of ancient Sumer, spoken in Southern Mesopotamia since at least the 4th millennium BC. It was gradually replaced by Akkadian language as a spoken language somewhere around the turn of the 3rd and the 2nd millennium BC , but continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial, literary and scientific language in Mesopotamia...
 term for a city or city state, written with the cuneiform
Cuneiform

Cuneiform can refer to:*Cuneiform script, an ancient writing system originating in Mesopotamia in the 4th millennium BC*Cuneiform , three bones in the human foot...
 ideogram
Ideogram

An ideogram or ideograph is a graphic symbol that represents an idea or concept. They can be a straighforward pictogram, or a more abstract symbol that is comprehensible only on the basis of prior convention....
 URU .

In Akkadian
Akkadian language

Akkadian or Assyrian-Babylonian is a Semitic language that was spoken in ancient Mesopotamia. The earliest attested Semitic language, it used the cuneiform writing system derived ultimately from ancient Sumerian language, an unrelated language isolate....
 and Hittite orthography, URU became a determinative sign denoting a city, or combined with KUR
Kur

In Sumerian mythology, Kur was primarily a mountain or mountains, and usually referred to the Zagros mountains to the east of Sumer. The cuneiform for "kur" was a pictograph of a mountain It can also mean "foreign land"....
 "land" the kingdom or territory controlled by a city, e.g. "the king of the country of (the city of) Hatti
Hatti

Hatti in Bronze Age Anatolia refers to:*the area of Hattusa, roughly delimited by the Halys bend*the Hattians of the 3rd millennium BC and 2nd millennium BC millennia BC...
".

The largest cities in the Bronze Age
Bronze Age

The Bronze Age is, with respect to a given prehistory, the period in that society when the most advanced metalworking included smelting copper and tin from naturally-occurring outcroppings of copper and tin ores, creating a bronze alloy by melting those metals together, and casting them into bronze artifact s....
 Ancient Near East
Ancient Near East

The Ancient Near East refers to early civilizations within a region roughly corresponding to the modern Middle East: Mesopotamia , Fars Province, Elam and Medes , Anatolia , the Levant , and Ancient Egypt, from the rise of Sumer in the 4th millennium BCE until the region's conquest by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BCE, or covering both th...
 housed several tens of thousands. Memphis
Memphis, Egypt

Memphis was the ancient capital of the first Nome of Lower Egypt, and of the Old Kingdom of Egypt from its foundation until around 2200 BC and later for shorter periods during the New Kingdom, and an administrative centre throughout ancient history....
 in the Early Bronze Age with some 30,000 inhabitants was the largest city of the time by far.






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Uru was the Sumerian
Sumerian language

Sumerian was the language of ancient Sumer, spoken in Southern Mesopotamia since at least the 4th millennium BC. It was gradually replaced by Akkadian language as a spoken language somewhere around the turn of the 3rd and the 2nd millennium BC , but continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial, literary and scientific language in Mesopotamia...
 term for a city or city state, written with the cuneiform
Cuneiform

Cuneiform can refer to:*Cuneiform script, an ancient writing system originating in Mesopotamia in the 4th millennium BC*Cuneiform , three bones in the human foot...
 ideogram
Ideogram

An ideogram or ideograph is a graphic symbol that represents an idea or concept. They can be a straighforward pictogram, or a more abstract symbol that is comprehensible only on the basis of prior convention....
 URU .

In Akkadian
Akkadian language

Akkadian or Assyrian-Babylonian is a Semitic language that was spoken in ancient Mesopotamia. The earliest attested Semitic language, it used the cuneiform writing system derived ultimately from ancient Sumerian language, an unrelated language isolate....
 and Hittite orthography, URU became a determinative sign denoting a city, or combined with KUR
Kur

In Sumerian mythology, Kur was primarily a mountain or mountains, and usually referred to the Zagros mountains to the east of Sumer. The cuneiform for "kur" was a pictograph of a mountain It can also mean "foreign land"....
 "land" the kingdom or territory controlled by a city, e.g. "the king of the country of (the city of) Hatti
Hatti

Hatti in Bronze Age Anatolia refers to:*the area of Hattusa, roughly delimited by the Halys bend*the Hattians of the 3rd millennium BC and 2nd millennium BC millennia BC...
".

The largest cities in the Bronze Age
Bronze Age

The Bronze Age is, with respect to a given prehistory, the period in that society when the most advanced metalworking included smelting copper and tin from naturally-occurring outcroppings of copper and tin ores, creating a bronze alloy by melting those metals together, and casting them into bronze artifact s....
 Ancient Near East
Ancient Near East

The Ancient Near East refers to early civilizations within a region roughly corresponding to the modern Middle East: Mesopotamia , Fars Province, Elam and Medes , Anatolia , the Levant , and Ancient Egypt, from the rise of Sumer in the 4th millennium BCE until the region's conquest by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BCE, or covering both th...
 housed several tens of thousands. Memphis
Memphis, Egypt

Memphis was the ancient capital of the first Nome of Lower Egypt, and of the Old Kingdom of Egypt from its foundation until around 2200 BC and later for shorter periods during the New Kingdom, and an administrative centre throughout ancient history....
 in the Early Bronze Age with some 30,000 inhabitants was the largest city of the time by far. Ur
Ur

Ur is modern Tell el-Mukayyar, Iraq, and was a city in ancient Sumer. Once a coastal city near the mouth of the then Euphrates river on the Persian Gulf, Ur is now well inland....
 in the Middle Bronze Age is estimated to have had some 65,000 inhabitants; Babylon
Babylon

Babylon was a city-state of ancient Mesopotamia, sometimes considered an empire, the remains of which can be found in present-day Al Hillah, Babil Governorate, Iraq, about 85 kilometers south of Baghdad....
 in the Late Bronze Age similarly had a population of some 50–60,000, while Niniveh had some 20–30,000, reaching 100,000 only in the Iron Age
Iron Age

In archaeology, the Iron Age was the stage in the development of any people in which tools and weapons whose main ingredient was iron were prominent....
 (ca. 700 BC).

Mesopotamia


Lower Mesopotamia

(ordered from north to south)

  • Eshnunna
    Eshnunna

    Eshnunna was an ancient Sumerian city and city-state in lower Mesopotamia. Although situated in the Diyala River north-east of Sumer proper, the city nonetheless belonged securely within the Sumerian cultural milieu....
     (Tell Asmar)
  • Der
    Der (Sumer)

    Der was a Sumerian city state positioned east of the Tigris River on the border between Sumer and Elam.In 720 BC the Assyrian king Sargon II moved against Elam, but the Assyrian host was defeated near Der....
     (Tell Aqar at al-Badra)
  • Sippar
    Sippar

    Sippar , was an ancient Sumerian and later Babylonian city on the east bank of the Euphrates, some 60 km north of Babylon....
     (Tell Abu Habbah)
  • Kutha
    Kutha

    Kutha or Cuthah was an ancient city of Sumer on the right bank of the eastern branch of the Upper Euphrates, north of Nippur. It was the cult city of Nergal, the god of the underworld...
     (Tell Ibrahim)
  • Jemdet Nasr
    Jemdet Nasr

    Jemdet Nasr is an archaeological site in Iraq's Babil Governorate, situated to the north-east of Babylon and Kish and east of Kutha....
     
  • Kish
    Kish (Sumer)

    Kish is modern Tell al-Uhaymir, Babil Governorate, Iraq), and was an ancient city of Sumer. Kish is located some 12 km east of Babylon, and 80 km south of Baghdad....
     (Tell Uheimir & Ingharra)
  • Bab Ilu
    Babylon

    Babylon was a city-state of ancient Mesopotamia, sometimes considered an empire, the remains of which can be found in present-day Al Hillah, Babil Governorate, Iraq, about 85 kilometers south of Baghdad....
     (Babylon)
  • Borsippa
    Borsippa

    Borsippa was an important ancient city of Sumer, built on both sides of a lake about 17.7 km southwest of Babylon, on the east bank of the Euphrates....
     (Birs Nimrud)
  • Dilbat
    Dilbat

    Dilbat was an ancient Sumer minor city located southeast from Babylon on the eastern bank of the Western Euphrates in modern day Al-Qadisiyyah, Iraq....
     (Tell ed-Duleim)
  • Nippur
    Nippur

    Nippur , from the Sumerian for 'lord wind' , is modern Nuffar in Afak Al Qadisyah Governorate, Iraq. Nippur was one of the most ancient of all the Sumerian cities....
     (Afak)
  • Marad
    Marad

    Marad was an ancient sumer city. Marad was situated on the west bank of the then western branch of the Upper Euphrates River west of Nippur in modern day Iraq....
     (Tell Wannat es-Sadum)
  • Adab
    Adab

    Adab was an ancient Sumerian city between Telloh and Nippur....
     (Tell Bismaya)
  • Isin
    ISIN

    An International Securities Identification Number uniquely identifies a Security . Its structure is defined in ISO 6166. Securities for which ISINs are issued include Bond , commercial paper, equities and Warrant s....
     (Ishan al-Bahriyat)
  • Kisurra
    Kisurra

    Kisurra was an ancient Sumerian city situated on the west bank of the middle Euphrates River, north of Shuruppak.Kissura's main deity was Ninurta....
     (Tell Abu Hatab)
  • Shuruppak
    Shuruppak

    Shuruppak was an ancient Sumerian city situated about 35 miles south of Nippur on the banks of the Euphrates.Shuruppak was dedicated to Ninlil, also called Sud, the goddess of grain and the air....
     (Tell Fara)
  • Bad-tibira
    Bad-tibira

    Bad-tibira, "wall of copper worker", identified as modern Tell al-Madineh, between Ash-Shatrah and Senkerch in southern Iraq,) was an ancient Sumerian city, that appears among antediluvian cities in the Babylonian lists....
     (probably Tell al-Madain)
  • Zabala
    Zabala (Sumer)

    Zabala was a city of ancient Sumer in what is now the Dhi Qar governorate in Iraq. Zabala was at the crossing of the ancient Iturungal andNinagina canals....
     (Tell Ibzeikh)
  • Umma
    Umma

    Umma was an ancient city in Sumer....
     (Tell Jokha)
  • Ngirsu
    Ngirsu

    Ngirsu is modern Tell Telloh, Dhi Qar Governorate, Iraq, and it was a city of ancient Sumer, situated some northwest of Lagash. Because of the initial nasal velar , the transcription of Girsu is usually spelled as Ngirsu to avoid confusion....
     (Tello or Telloh)
  • Lagash
    Lagash

    Lagash is located northwest of the junction of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers and east of Uruk, Lagash was one of the oldest cities of Sumer and later Babylonia....
     (Tell al-Hiba)
  • Uruk
    Uruk

    Uruk , from the Akkadian rendering of the Sumerian toponym 'unug', is modern Warka , Iraq. Uruk was an ancient city of Sumer and later Babylonia, situated east of the present bed of the Euphrates river, on the ancient Nil canal, some 30 km east of As-Samawah, Al Muthanna Governorate, Iraq....
     (Warka)
  • Larsa
    Larsa

    Larsa , was an important city of ancient Sumer. It lies some 25 km southeast of the ruin mounds of Uruk , near the east bank of the Shatt-en-Nil canal ....
     (Tell as-Senkereh)
  • Ur
    Ur

    Ur is modern Tell el-Mukayyar, Iraq, and was a city in ancient Sumer. Once a coastal city near the mouth of the then Euphrates river on the Persian Gulf, Ur is now well inland....
     (Tell al-Muqayyar)
  • Kuara
    Kuara (Sumer)

    Kuara was an ancient Sumer city located on the western bank of the mouth of the Euphrates River, about 30 km southeast of Ur. The city's patron deity was Meslamtea....
     (Tell al-Lahm)
  • Eridu
    Eridu

    Eridu , from the Sumerian for 'mighty place', is modern Tell Abu Shahrain, Iraq. Eridu was the earliest city in southern Mesopotamia, founded c 5400 BCE....
     (Tell Abu Shahrain)
  • Nabada
    Tell Beydar

    Tell Beydar was the Ancient Near Easterncity of Nabada.HistoryNabada was first settled during the Early Dynastic period circa 2600 BC....
     (Tell Beydar) coordinates unknown
  • Hamazi
    Hamazi

    Hamazi was an ancient kingdom or city-state of some importance that reached its peak ca. 2500-2400 BC. Its exact location is unknown, but is thought to have been located in the western Zagros mountains roughly between Elam and Assyria, possibly near Nuzi or modern Hamadan....
     location unknown
  • Akshak
    Akshak

    Akshak was a city of ancient Sumer, situated on the northern boundary of Akkad, sometimes identified with Babylonian Upi . Its exact location is uncertain, it probably was near Eshnunna, on the banks of the Diyala River....
     location unknown
  • Akkad
    Akkad

    The Akkadian Empire was an empire centered in the city of Akkad Sumerian language: Agade KUR A.GA.D?KI "land of Akkad". ; Biblical Accad) and its surrounding region Akkadian URU Akkad KI in central Mesopotamia....
     location unknown


Upper Mesopotamia

(ordered from north to south)

  • Mount Nemrut
    Mount Nemrut

    Nemrut or Nemrud is a high mountain in southeastern Turkey, notable for the vast statues at a 1st century BC tomb on its summit.The mountain lies north of Kahta, near Adiyaman....
     (Nemrut Dagi)
  • Urfa
    Sanliurfa

    Sanliurfa , formerly cited as Edessa, Mesopotamia in in Aramaic, Riha in Kurdish language, and Urhay in Armenian language) is a List of cities in Turkey in south-eastern Turkey, and the capital of Sanliurfa Province....
     
  • Shanidar cave
    Shanidar

    The cave site of Shanidar is located in the Zagros Mountains of Kurdistan in Iraq. It was excavated between 1957-1961 by Ralph Solecki and his team from Columbia University and yielded the first adult Neanderthal skeletons in Iraq, dating between 60-80,000 years Before Present....
      imprecise coordinates
  • Urkesh
    Urkesh

    Urkesh was a city situated at the base of the Taurus Mountains in what is now northern Syria near the modern city of Qamishli. It was founded during the fourth millennium BC possibly by the Hurrians on a site which appears to have been inhabited before then on a small scale for centuries....
     (Tell Mozan)
  • Shekhna
    Tell Leilan

    Tell Leilan, Syria is the site of a city known as Shekhna in ancient times. It is situated in the Khabur river basin by the river Jarrah....
     (Tell Leilan)
  • Tell Arbid
    Tell Arbid

    Tell Arbid is an ancient Near East archaeological site in the Habur or Khabur Basin region of Syria near Tell Mozan, the site of ancient Urkesh....
      imprecise coordinates
  • Haran
    Harran

    Harran, also known as Carrhae, is a district of Sanliurfa Province in the southeast of Turkey.A very ancient city which was a major Mesopotamian commercial, cultural, and religious center, Harran is a valuable archaeological site....
     
  • Chagar Bazar
    Chagar Bazar

    Chagar Bazar is an ancient site in northern Syria, occupied from the sixth to the second millennium BC. It is situated by the small river Dara, a tributary to the Khabur River....
     
  • Washukanni
    Tell el Fakhariya

    Tell el Fakhariya, or Tell el Fecheriyeh with variants, is an ancient site in the Khabur River basin in the Al Hasakah Governorate of northern Syria....
     (Tell el Fakhariya)
  • Carchemish
    Carchemish

    Carchemish was an important ancient city of the Mitanni and Hittites empires, now on the frontier between Turkey and Syria. It was the location of an Battle of Carchemish between the Babylonians and Egyptians, mentioned in the Bible....
     (Djerabis)
  • Nemrik imprecise coordinates
  • Tell al-Hawa imprecise coordinates
  • Yarim Tepe imprecise coordinates
  • Nagar
    Nagar, Syria

    Nagar was an ancient late Neolithic, Sumerian and Akkadian Empire city on the Khabur River. At 40m in height, one of the tallest archaeology mounds in the Middle East, and about a kilometer long, it forms the remains of one of the largest urban sites in northern Mesopotamia....
     (Tell Brak)
  • Telul eth-Thalathat imprecise coordinates
  • Tepe Gawra
    Tepe Gawra

    Tepe Gawra is an ancient Mesopotamian settlement in northwest Iraq, near the ancient site of Nineveh and 15 miles northeast of the modern city of Mosul....
      imprecise coordinates
  • Tell Arpachiyah
    Tell Arpachiyah

    Tell Arpachiyah was an Ancient Near Eastprehistoric site near Nineveh. The proper name of the site is Tepe Reshwa....
     (Tepe Reshwa) imprecise coordinates
  • Shibaniba
    Shibaniba

    Tell Billa was theAncient Near East city of Sibaniba, not far from Assur....
     (Tell Billa) imprecise coordinates
  • Tarbisu
    Tarbisu

    File:Nineveh map city walls & gates.JPGTarbisu was an ancient Assyrian city about 3 miles north of Nineveh....
     (Sherif Khan) imprecise coordinates
  • Ninua (Niniveh)
  • Qatara or Karana
    Tell al-Rimah

    Tell al-Rimah was the Ancient Near East city of Karana or Qattara in the Sinjar region west of Nineveh....
     (Tell al-Rimah)
  • Tell Hamoukar
    Hamoukar

    Hamoukar is a large archaeological site located in the Al-Jazira, Mesopotamia region of northeastern Syria near the Iraqi border and Turkey. Excavation by a joint Syrian-American expedition since 1999 have shown that this site houses the remains of one of the world's oldest known city, leading scholars to believe that cities in this part o...
     
  • Dur Sharrukin
    Dur-Sharrukin

    Dur-Sharrukin , present day Khorsabad, was the Assyrian capital in the time of Sargon II of Assyria. Khorsabad is a village in northern Iraq, 15 km northeast of Mosul, which is still today inhabited by Assyrians....
     (Khorsabad)
  • Arbil
    Arbil

    Arbil is believed to be one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world and is the third-largest city in Iraq after Baghdad and Mosul....
     (Qalinj Agha)
  • Tell Taya
    Tell Taya

    Tell Taya was an Ancient Near East site about 20 kilometers southwest of Mosul and Nineveh....
      imprecise coordinates
  • Tell Hassuna
    Hassuna

    Hassuna or Tell Hassuna is an ancient Mesopotamian site situated in Iraq, south of Mosul.By around 6000 BC people had moved into the foothills of northernmost Mesopotamia where there was enough rainfall to allow for "dry" agriculture in some places....
      imprecise coordinates
  • Imgur-Enlil
    Balawat

    Balawat is a village in Northern Iraq, 25 km southeast from the city of Mosul. It is the site of the ancient Assyrian city of Imgur-Enlil....
     (Balawat) imprecise coordinates
  • Tell es-Sweyhat
    Sweyhat

    Tell es-Sweyhat is the name of a large archaeological site located in northern Syria. Sweyhat dates from 3100?1900 BC, or the Early Bronze Age and the very beginning of the Middle Bronze Age....
     
  • Nimrud
    Nimrud

    Nimrud is an ancient Assyrian city located south of Nineveh on the river Tigris. In ancient times the city was called Kalhu. The Arabs called the city Nimrud after Nimrod , a legendary hunting hero....
     (Kalhu)
  • Emar
    Emar

    Emar was an ancient Amorite city on the great bend in the mid-Euphrates in northeastern Syria, now on the shoreline of the man-made Lake Assad....
     (Tell Meskene)
  • Dur Katlimmu (Tell Sheikh Hamad) imprecise coordinates
  • Palegawra cave imprecise coordinates
  • Qal'at Jarmo
    Jarmo

    Jarmo is an archeological site located in Northern Iraq on the foothills of Zagros Mountains east of Kirkuk city . It is known as the oldest agricultural community in the world, dating back to 7000 BC....
      imprecise coordinates
  • Arrapha
    Arrapha

    Arrapha was an ancient Assyrian city that existed in what is today the Kirkuk Citadel, Iraq. The city was founded around 2000 BC and derived its name from the old Akkadian language word Arabkha which was later changed to Arrapha....
     (Kirkuk)
  • Ashur
    Assur

    Assur , was one of the capitals of ancient Assyria. The remains of the city are situated on the western bank of river Tigris, north of the confluence with the tributary Little Zab river, in modern day Iraq....
     (Qalat Sherqat)
  • Nuzi
    Nuzi

    Nuzi was an ancient Mesopotamian city southwest of Kirkuk in modern Al-Tamin governorate of Iraq, located near the Tigris river. The site consists of...
     (Gasur, Yorghan Tepe)
  • Kar-Tukulti-Ninurta (Tulul el-Aqar) imprecise coordinates
  • Gerd-i Resh imprecise coordinates
  • Tell al-Fakhar imprecise coordinates
  • Terqa
    Terqa

    Terqa is the name of an ancient city discovered at the site of Tell Ashara on the banks of the middle Euphrates in Syria, approximately 80 km from the modern border with Iraq....
     (Tell Ashara) imprecise coordinates
  • Doura Europos
    Dura-Europos

    Hellenistic EraIt was founded in 303 BC by the Seleucid Empire on the intersection of an east-west trade route and the trade route along the Euphrates....
     
  • Mari
    Mari, Syria

    Mari was an ancient Sumerian and Amorite city, located 11 kilometers north-west of the modern town of Abu Kamal on the western bank of Euphrates river, some 120 km southeast of Deir ez-Zor, Syria....
     (Tell Hariri)
  • Haradum
    Haradum

    Haradum was an ancient Near East city on the middle Euphrates about 90 kilometers southeast of Mari....
     (Khirbet ed-Diniyeh) imprecise coordinates
  • Tell es Sawwan imprecise coordinates
  • Nerebtum or Kiti
    Tell Ishchali

    Ishchali, in themodern Diyala Governorate in Iraq , was the ancient town of Nerebtum or Kiti in the city-state of Eshnunna. The site lies about three miles south and seven...
     (Tell Ishchali) imprecise coordinates
  • Tutub
    Khafajah

    Khafajah or Khafaje was the ancient town of Tutub in the city-state of Eshnunna. The site lies sevenmiles east of Baghdad and 12 miles southwest of Eshnunna....
     (Khafajah) imprecise coordinates
  • Tell Agrab
    Tell Agrab

    Tell Agrab was an ancient Near East city 15 miles east of Eshnunna in the Diyala region....
      imprecise coordinates
  • Dur-Kurigalzu
    Dur-Kurigalzu

    Dur-Kurigalzu was a city in southern Mesopotamia near the confluence of the Tigris and Diyala rivers about 30 km west of modern Baghdad. It was founded by a Kassites king of Babylon, Kurigalzu I or II, some time in the 14th century BC, and was abandoned after the fall of the Kassite dynasty....
     (Aqar Quf)
  • Shaduppum
    Shaduppum

    Shaduppum , is an ancientSumerian city which now lies within the borders of the modern city of Baghdad....
     (Tell Harmal)
  • Seleucia
    Seleucia

    Seleucia was the first capital of the Seleucid Empire, and one of the great cities of antiquity standing in Mesopotamia, on the Tigris River....
     
  • Sippar-Amnanum
    Sippar-Amnanum

    Sippar-Amnanum was an ancient Near Eastern city about 70 kilometersnorth of Babylon....
     (Tell ed-Der)
  • Ctesiphon
    Ctesiphon

    Ctesiphon was one of the great cities of the Persian Empire, located on the east bank of the Tigris.Ctesiphon was an imperial capital of the Arsacids and of their successors, the Sassanids....
     (Taq Kisra)
  • Tell Uqair
    Tell Uqair

    Tell Uqair was an Ancient Near East site northeast of Babylon....
      imprecise coordinates


Zagros and Elam

(ordered from north to south)

  • Qusheh Dagh (Mountain of Cush)
  • Cudi Dagh
    Mount Judi

    Mount Judi or Mount Cudi , according to the Qur'an , is the resting place of the Noah's Ark built by the Prophets of Islam Noah at God's command....
     (Mount Judi)
  • Hasanlu Tepe
    Teppe Hasanlu

    Teppe Hasanlu or Tappeh Hassanlu is an archeological site of an ancient Mannaean city that was destroyed by Urartu in the late 9th century BC....
     
  • Zend-i Suleiman
  • Takht-i-Suleiman
    Takht-i-Suleiman

    For the similarly named locations see Takht-e-Sulaiman in Balochistan , and Sulayman Mountain near Osh, Kyrgyzstan.Takht-e Soleyman, is an archaeological site in West Azarbaijan, Iran....
     
  • Ecbatana
    Ecbatana

    Ecbatana is supposed to be the capital of Astyages , which was taken by the Persian emperor Cyrus the Great in the sixth year of Nabonidus ....
     (Hamadan)
  • Behistun
  • Godin Tepe
    Godin Tepe

    Godin Tepe is a prehistoric settlement in western Iran, situated in the valley of Kangavar. Discovered in 1961, the site was excavated from 1965 and during the 1970s by an American expedition headed by T....
     
  • Sialk
  • Susa
    Susa

    Susa was an ancient city of the Elamite, Persian Empire and Parthian empires of Iran, located about 250 km east of the Tigris River.The modern town of Shush, Iran is located at the site of ancient Susa....
     
  • Kabnak
    Haft Tepe

    Haft Tepe is an archaeological site situated in the Khuzestan Province in southwestern Iran. At this site the remains of the Elam city of Kabnak were discovered in 1908, and excavations are still carried out....
     (Haft Tepe)
  • Dur Untash (Chogha Zanbil)
  • Shahr-i-Sokhte
    Shahr-i Sokhta

    Shahr-e Sukhte "Burnt City" is an archaeological site of a sizable Bronze Age urban settlement, associated with the Jiroft culture. It is located in Sistan and Baluchistan Province, the southeastern part of Iran, on the bank of the Helmand River, near the Zahedan-Zabol road....
     
  • Pasargadai
    Pasargadae

    'Pasargadae' was a city in ancient Iran, and is today an archaeological site and one of Iran's five UNESCO World Heritage Sites. According to the Elamite cuneiform of the Persepolis fortification tablets the name was rendered as Batrakata?, and the name in current usage derives from a Greek Language transliteration of an Old Persian P?th...
     
  • Naqsh-e Rustam
    Naqsh-e Rustam

    Naqsh-e Rustam is an archaeological site located about 12 km northwest of Persepolis, in Fars province, Iran. Naqsh-e Rustam lies a few hundred meters from Naqsh-e Rajab....
     
  • Parsa
    Persepolis

    Persepolis was the ceremonial capital of the Persian Empire during the Achaemenid dynasty. Persepolis is situated northeast of the modern city of Shiraz, Iran in the Fars Province of modern Iran....
     (Persepolis)
  • Tall-i Bakun
    Tall-i Bakun

    Tall-i Bakun or Tall-e Bakun was a prehistoric sitein the Ancient Near East about 3 km south of Persepolis....
     
  • Anshan
    Anshan (Persia)

    Anshan , a site on the Iranian plateau, 36 km northwest of modern Shiraz, Iran in the Zagros mountains of the Fars province, southwestern Iran, was one of the early capitals of Elam, from the 3rd millennium BC....
     (Tall-i Malyan or Tepe Malyan)
  • Palace of Cyrus near Charkhab Borazjan imprecise coordinates
  • Firuzabad
    Firouzabad

    Firouzabad or Firuzabad is a city in Iran. It is located in Fars province south of Shiraz, Iran. The town is surrounded by a mud wall and ditch....
     
  • Konar Sandal
    Konar Sandal

    Konar Sandal is a Bronze Age archaeological site, situated just south of Jiroft, Kerman Province, Iran.It consists of two mounds a few kilometers apart, called Konar Sandal A and B with a height of 13 and 21 meters, respectively....
     
  • Tepe Yahya
    Tepe Yahya

    Tepe Yahya is an archaeological site in Kerman Province, Iran, some 220 km south of Kerman and 90 km south-west of Jiroft. It was excavated 1967 to 1975 by the American School of Prehistoric Research under the direction of C....
     


Anatolia

(ordered from north to south)

  • Nicaea
    Iznik

    Iznik is a city in Turkey which is known primarily as the site of the First Council of Nicaea and Second Council of Nicaea Councils of Nicaea, the first and seventh Ecumenical councils in the early history of the Christianity church, the Nicene Creed, and as the capital city of the Empire of Nicaea....
     
  • Sapinuwa
    Sapinuwa

    Sapinuwa or Shapinuwa was a Bronze Age Hittites city....
      imprecise coordinates
  • Yazilikaya
    Yazilikaya

    Yazilikaya was a sanctuary of Hattusa, the capital city of the Hittite Empire, today in the ?orum Province, Turkey.This was a holy site for the Hittites living in the nearby city of Hattusa....
     
  • Hattusa
    Hattusa

    Hattusa was the capital of the Hittite Empire in the late Bronze Age. The region is set in a loop of the Kizil River in central Anatolia.Hattusa was added to the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1986....
     
  • Ilios
    Troy

    Troy is a legendary city and center of the Trojan War, as described in the Epic Cycle, and especially in the Iliad, one of the two epic poems attributed to Homer....
     (Wilusa, Ilion, Troas, Troy)
  • Karum Kanesh
    Kültepe

    K?ltepe is a modern village near the ancient city of Kane? in central eastern Anatolia. The nearest modern city is Kayseri, about 20 km southwest....
     (Nesa, Kültepe)
  • Milid
    Malatya

    Malatya is the capital List of cities in Turkey of the Malatya Province in the Eastern Anatolia Region, Turkey of Turkey....
     (Arslantepe, Malatya)
  • Çayönü
    Çayönü

    ?ay?n? is a Neolithic settlement in southern Turkey inhabited around 7200 to 6600 BC. It is located forty kilometres north-west of Diyarbakir, at the foot of the Taurus Mountains mountains....
     
  • Sam'al (Zincirli Höyük)
  • Çatalhöyük
    Çatalhöyük

    ?atalh?y?k was a very large Neolithic and Chalcolithic settlement in southern Anatolia, c 7500-5700 BCE. It is the largest and best preserved Neolithic site found to date....
     
  • Kizzuwatna
    Kizzuwatna

    Kizzuwatna is the name of an ancient Anatolian kingdom in the second millennium BC. It was situated in the highlands of southeastern Anatolia, near the Gulf of Iskenderun in modern-day Turkey....
     location unknown
  • Adana
    Adana

    Adana , is the capital of Adana Province in Turkey. The city administrates two districts, Seyhan and Y?regir, with a total population of 2,530,257 and an area of 1,945 km?....
     
  • Tarsus
    Tarsus (city)

    Tarsus is a city, and a large district, in Mersin Province, Turkey, from the city of Mersin and near to the city of Adana.With a history going back over 9,000 years Tarsus has long been an important stop for traders, a focal point of many civilisations including the Ancient Romans when Tarsus was capital of the province of Cilicia, scene...
     
  • Attalia
    Antalya

    Antalya is a city on the Mediterranean Sea coast of southwestern Turkey. It is the capital city of Antalya Province Provinces of Turkey. The population of the city was 775,157 in the 2007 census....
     (Antalya)


the Levant

(all ordered alphabetically)

  • Acco
    Acre, Israel

    Acre also Akko, is a List of Israeli cities in the Western Galilee region of North District Israel. It is situated on a low promontory at the northern extremity of Haifa Bay....
     (Acre)
  • Aijalon (Aialon) imprecise coordinates
  • Alalah
    Alalakh

    Alalakh , is the name of an ancient Amorite city and its associated city-state of the Amuq River, located in the Hatay Province region of southern Turkey, now represented by an extensive city-mound....
     (Alalakh)
  • Aleppo
    Aleppo

    Aleppo is a city in northern Syria, capital of the Aleppo Governorate; the Governorate extends around the city for over 16,000 km? and has a population of 4,393,000, making it the largest Governorate in Syria by population....
     
  • Aphek
    Antipatris

    Antipatris, one of two places known as Tel Afek, was a city built by Herod the Great, and named in honour of his father, Antipater the Idumaean....
     (Antipatris, Tell Afik)
  • Aphek (Fiq)
  • Arad Rabbah
    Tel Arad

    Tel Arad or 'old' Arad is located west of the Dead Sea, about 10km west of modern Arad, Israel in an area surrounded by mountain ridges which is known as the Arad Becken....
     (Tel Arad)
  • Baalbek
    Baalbek

    Baalbek is a town in the Bekaa Valley of Lebanon, altitude 1,170 m , situated east of the Litani River. It is famous for its exquisitely detailed yet monumentally scaled temple ruins of the Roman Empire period, when Baalbek, known as Heliopolis was one of the largest sanctuaries in the Empire....
     (Heliopolis)
  • Beth Shean (Beth Shan)
  • Bethany (beyond the Jordan)
  • Bezer
    Bosra

    Bosra is an ancient city administratively belonging to the Daraa Governorate in southern Syria. It is a major archaeological site and has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site....
     
  • Capernaum
    Capernaum

    Capernaum was a settlement on the shore of the Sea of Galilee. The site is a ruin today, but was inhabited from 150 BC to about AD 750.The town is mentioned in the New Testament: in the Gospel of Luke it was reported to have been the home of the Twelve apostles Saint Peter, Saint Andrew, Saint James the Great and John the Apostle, as well...
     
  • Dan
  • Damascus
    Damascus

    Damascus is the capital and largest city of Syria. It is List of oldest continuously inhabited cities and its current population is estimated at about 4,000,000....
     (Dimasqu, Dimashq)
  • Dor
    Dor

    Tel Dor , is an archeological site located on Israel's Mediterranean coast, about 30 km south of Haifa....
     (D-jr, Dora)
  • Ebla
    Ebla

    Ebla was an ancient city about southwest of Aleppo. It was an important city-state in two periods, first in the late 3rd millennium BC, then again between 1800 BC and 1650 BC....
     (Tell Mardikh)
  • En Gedi
    Ein Gedi

    Ein Gedi is an oasis in Israel, located west of the Dead Sea, close to Masada and the caves of Qumran. Location .It is known for its caves, spring s, and its rich diversity of flora and fauna....
     (Tell Goren)
  • Geba / Gibeon
    Geba

    Geba - the hill, , a Levitical city of Benjamin on the north border of Kingdom of Judah near Gibeah. It has been identified with Jeb'a, about 5 1/2 miles north of Jerusalem....
     
  • Gerar
    Gerar

    Gerar - meaning lodging-place - was a Philistine town and district in what is today south-central Israel. Archaeological evidence points to the town having come into existence with the arrival of the Philistines at around 1200 BCE and having been little more than a village until 800 BCE-700 BCE....
      imprecise coordinates
  • Gerasa / Jarash
    Jarash

    There are at least two places called Jarash :*Jerash, a place in Jordan where there are ancient ruins*Jarash, Palestine, a former Palestinian village...
     
  • Gezer
    Gezer

    Gezer was a town in ancient History of ancient Israel and Judah. Scholars believe that Gezer is Tel Gezer , a site around midway on the route between Jerusalem and Tel Aviv....
     
  • Gibeah
    Gibeah

    Gibeah ? could be a variation of the Hebrew word meaning ?hill,? other names include Gibeah of Benjamin and Gibeah of Saul. The site is believed to be identical to Tell el-Ful meaning ?mound of horse beans? in Arabic, a hill next to the modern Jerusalem neighbourhood of Pisgat Ze'ev....
     (Tell el-Ful?)
  • Gilgal
    Gilgal

    Gilgal is a place name mentioned by the Hebrew Bible. It is a matter of debate how many of the places named Gilgal are identical....
      imprecise coordinates
  • Hama
    Hama

    Hama is a city on the banks of the Orontes river in central Syria north of Damascus. It is the provincial capital of the Hama Governorate. It is the location of the historical city Hamath....
    th     (Epiphania)
  • Herodion
    Herodium

    Herodium or Herodion is a hill shaped like a truncated cone , located in the West Bank, southeast of Bethlehem and under control of Israel, built as a fortress palace by King Herod the Great....
     (Herodium)
  • Ijon imprecise coordinates
  • Jezreel
    Jezreel Valley

    The Jezreel Valley is a large fertile plain and inland valley in the south of the Lower Galilee region of Israel. It is bordered to the south by the Samaria highlands and Mount Gilboa, to the north by the Lower Galilee, to the west by the Mount Carmel range, and to the east by the Jordan Valley....
     
  • Kadesh Barnea imprecise coordinates
  • Kedesh
    Kedesh

    The ruins of the ancient Canaanite village of Kedesh are located within the modern Malkia in Israel on the Israeli-Lebanon border....
     
  • Khaldeh
    Archaeology in Lebanon

    Archaeology in Lebanon...
      imprecise coordinates
  • Kir of Moab
    Kir of Moab

    Kir of Moab - . The two strongholds of Moab were Ar and Kir, which latter is probably the Kir-haraseth following.Kir - a wall or fortress, a place to which Tiglath-pileser carried the Syrians captive after he had taken the city of Damascus ....
     (Kerak)
  • Kumidi (Kamid al Lawz) imprecise coordinates
  • Micmash
  • Mount Gerizim
    Mount Gerizim

    Mount Gerizim is one of the two mountains in the immediate vicinity of the West Bank city of Nablus , and forms the southern side of the valley in which Nablus is situated, the northern side being formed by Mount Ebal....
     
  • Mount Gilboa
    Gilboa (ridge)

    Mount Gilboa is a ridge above the Jezreel Valley in northern Israel. The formation extends from southeast to northwest, bordering the highlands of the West Bank and the Beit She'an valley; the Green Line between Israel and the West Bank traverses the ridge....
     
  • Parsa Dagh
  • Pisgah
    Mount Pisgah (Bible)

    Some translators of the Bible book of Deuteronomy translate Pisgah as a name of a mountain, usually referring to Mount Nebo .In the Bible, Moses saw the Promised Land for the first time from Mount Nebo : "And Moses went up from the plains of Moab unto the mountain of Nebo, to the top of Pisgah, that is over against Jericho."....
      imprecise coordinates
  • Qadesh
    Kadesh

    This article is about Kadesh in the lands of the Amurru, bordering on Damascus Syria up to Hammath; see also Kadesh orKedesh Kadesh was an Cities of the Ancient Near East of the Levant, located on or near the headwaters or ford of the Orontes River It is surmised by Kenneth Kitchen to be the ruins at Tell Nebi Mend, about south...
     
  • Qatna
    Qatna

    Qatna, The tell occupies 1 km?, which makes it one of the largest bronze Age towns in western Syria. The tell is located at the edge of the limestone-plateau of the Syrian desert towards the fertile Homs-Bassin....
     (Tell Mishrifeh)
  • Qumran
    Qumran

    Qumran is located on a dry plateau about a mile inland from the northwestern shore of the Dead Sea in the West Bank, just next to the Israeli kibbutz of Kalia, West Bank....
     
  • Rabat Amon
    Amman

    Amman , sometimes spelled Ammann , is the Capital city of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, a city of 2,525,000 inhabitants , and the administrative capital and commercial center of Jordan....
     (Philadelphia)
  • Samaria
    Samaria

    Samaria, or the Shomron is a term used for the mountainous region in northern Israel roughly corresponding to the northern part of the West Bank....
     
  • Shiloh
  • Tadmor
    Palmyra

    Palmyra was in ancient times an important city of central Syria, located in an oasis 215 km northeast of Damascus and 120 km southwest of the Euphrates....
     (Palmyra)
  • Tamar imprecise coordinates
  • Tell el-Farah South
  • Tell Tweini
    Tell Tweini

    Tell Tweini is an Archeology site located 2 kilometers east of the modern city of Jebleh, Syria. It is situated within the coastal plain of Jebleh within short distance of two other main archaeological sites: Tell Sukas and Tell Siyannu ....
     (Gibala?)
  • Tirzah
    Tirzah

    Tirzah is a Hebrew word meaning "she is my delight." In the Bible it is the name of a town in Israel and of a woman....
     (Tell el-Farah North)
  • Tunip
    Tunip

    Tunip was a city/'city-state' in western Syria during the 1350 BC-1335 BC, , Amarna letters Text corpus. The name "Syria" did not exist, though Assyria was beginning....
      imprecise coordinates
  • Ugarit
    Ugarit

    Ugarit was an ancient cosmopolitan port city, sited on the Mediterranean coast. Ugarit sent tribute to Ancient Egypt and maintained trade and diplomatic connections with Cyprus , documented in the archives recovered from the site and corroborated by Mycenaean Greece and Cypriot pottery found there....
     (Ras Shamra)
  • Ya'Amun


Canaan
  • Adoraim (Adora, Dura) imprecise coordinates
  • Ai
    Ai (Bible)

    Ai refers to one or two places in ancient Israel:*A city mentioned along with Heshbon by Jeremiah 49:3, whose location is currently unknown, and which may or may not be the same as:...
     
  • Beersheba
    Beersheba

    Beersheba is the largest city in the Negev desert of southern Israel. Often referred to as the "Capital of the Negev", it is the seventh-largest city in Israel with a population of 186,100....
     
  • Bet Shemesh
    Bet Shemesh

    Beit Shemesh is a city council in Israel's Jerusalem District, with a population of 72,600 people. The modern day city was founded in 1950, although settlement has been on the site since pre-Biblical periods....
     (house of Shamash)
  • Bet-el
    Bethel

    Bethel was a border city described in the Old Testament as being located between Benjamin and Ephraim. Eusebius of Caesarea and Jerome describe it in their time as a small village that lay 12 Roman miles north of Old City , to the right or east of the road leading to Nablus....
     
  • Gath imprecise coordinates
  • Hazor
  • Hebron
    Hebron

    Hebron is the largest city in the West Bank, located in the south, 30 kilometers south of Jerusalem. It is home to some 166,000 Palestinians, and over 500 Israelis....
     
  • Jericho
    Jericho

    Jericho is a city located near the Jordan River in the West Bank of the Palestinian territories. It is the capital of the Jericho Governorate, and has a population of over 20,000 Arabs....
     (Tell es Sultan)
  • Jerusalem
    Jerusalem

    Jerusalem is the capital of Israel and its List of Israeli cities in both population and area, with a population of 747,600 residents over an area of if Positions on Jerusalem East Jerusalem is included....
     (Jebus)
  • Megiddo
  • Shechem
    Shechem

    Shechem was Canaanite city mentioned in the Amarna letters, and later became an Israelite city in the tribe of Manasseh. It was the first capital of the Kingdom of Israel....
     (Sychar, Neapolis, Nablus)
  • Tall Zira'a
    Tall Zira'a

    The Tall Zira'a is one of the most promising talls of Palestine. Surveys and geophysical investigations showed the site?s great potential for excavations....
     


Chalcolithic Age
  • Gilgal Refaim
    Gilgal Refaim

    Gilgal Refaim is a stone circle and ancient megalithic monument in the Golan Heights, some 16 kilometres east of the eastern coast of the Sea of Galilee, in the middle of a large plateau covered with hundreds of dolmens....
     (Rujm el-Hiri)


Hellenistic & Roman era
  • Magdala
  • Nazareth
    Nazareth

    Nazareth is the capital and largest Cities in Israel in the North District . It also serves as an unofficial Arab capital for Israel's Arab citizens of Israel who make up the vast majority of the population there....
     
  • Oboda
    Avdat

    Avdat or Ovdat or Obodat, the remains of a Nabataean road station for their caravans, is located on a mountain in the center of the Negev Desert in Israel on the road from Petra and Eilat....
     (Avdat)
  • Ptolemais
    Acre, Israel

    Acre also Akko, is a List of Israeli cities in the Western Galilee region of North District Israel. It is situated on a low promontory at the northern extremity of Haifa Bay....
     
  • Tiberias


Nabataea
  • Petra
    Petra

    Petra is an Archaeology site in the Arabah, Ma'an Governorate, Jordan, lying on the slope of Mount Hor in a Depression among the mountains which form the eastern flank of Arabah , the large valley running from the Dead Sea to the Gulf of Aqaba....
     


Philistia
  • Ashdod
    Ashdod

    Ashdod , is the List of Israeli cities in Israel, located in the South District of the country, on the Mediterranean Sea Israeli Coastal Plain, with a population of 207,000....
     
  • Ashkelon
    Ashkelon

    Ashkelon or Ashqelon is a coastal city in the South District of Israel. The ancient seaport of Ashkelon dates back to the Bronze Age. In the course of its history, it has been ruled by the Canaanites, the Philistines, the Babylonians, the Phoenicians, the Ancient Romes, the Muslims and the Crusaders....
     
  • Gaza
    Gaza

    Gaza is a Palestinian people city in the Gaza Strip, approximately southwest of Jerusalem, with a population of 410,000, making it the largest city under the control of the Palestinian National Authority....
     
  • Sharuhen
    Sharuhen

    Sharuhen was an ancient town in the Negev Desert, between Rafah and Gaza. Following the expulsion of the Hyksos from Egypt in the early 1500s BCE, they fled to Sharuhen and fortified it....
     (Tell el-Ajjul)


Phoenicia
  • Gubla
    Byblos

    Byblos is the Greek language name of the Phoenician city Gebal . It is a Mediterranean city in the Mount Lebanon Governorate of present-day Lebanon under the current Arabic language name of Jbeil and was also referred to as Gibelet during the Crusades....
     (Kepen, Byblos)
  • Sidon
    Sidon

    Sidon,or Sa?da, is the third-largest city in Lebanon. It is located in the South Governorate, Lebanon of Lebanon, on the Mediterranean Sea coast, about 40 km north of Tyre, Lebanon and 40 km south of the capital Beirut....
     
  • Tyros (Tylos)


Egypt

(all ordered from north to south)

Lower Egypt
  • Heraclion
    Heracleion

    Heracleion was an ancient Egyptian city near modern day Alexandria. It was known as early as the 12th century BC but its importance grew during the waning days of the pharaohs, the late period....
     
  • Pikuat
    Canopus, Egypt

    Canopus was an Ancient Egyptian coastal town, located in the Nile Delta. Its site is in the eastern outskirts of modern-day Alexandria, around 25 kilometres from the centre of that city....
     (Canopus, Kanobos)
  • Per-Wadjet
    Buto

    Buto or Butos or Butosos , was the later, Greek name for an ancient city located 95 km east of Alexandria in the Nile Delta of Egypt....
     (Buto, Butosos, Tell el-Fara'in)
  • Alexandria
    Alexandria

    Alexandria , with a population of 4.1 million, is the second-largest city in Egypt, and is the country's largest seaport, serving about 80% of Egypt's imports and exports....
     
  • Khaset
    Xois

    Xois , was a town of great antiquity and considerable size and was situated nearly in the center of the Nile Delta, Egypt; it is identified as the ancient Egyptian city of Khasut or Khaset....
     (Xois)
  • Damanhur
    Damanhur

    Damanhur or Hermopolis Mikra is a city in Lower Egypt, and the capital of the Beheira Governorate. It is located 160 km northwest of Cairo, and 70 km E.S.E....
     (Hermopolis Parva, Tell al-Naqus) imprecise coordinates
  • Tell Kedua
  • Djanet
    Tanis, Egypt

    Tanis , the Greek language name of ancient Djanet , is a city in the north-eastern Nile delta of ancient Egypt. It lies on the Tanitic branch of the Nile ....
     (Tanis, Zoan)
  • Zau
    Sais, Egypt

    Sais or Sa el-Hagar was an ancient Egyptian town in the Western Nile Delta on the Canopus, Egypt branch of the Nile. It was the provincial capital of the fifth nome of Lower Egypt and became the seat of power during the Twenty-fourth dynasty of Egypt and the Saite Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt during the Late Period of Ancient Egypt....
     (Sais, Sa el-Hagar) *Thmuis
    Thmuis

    Thmuis is a city of Upper and Lower Egypt, on the canal east of the River Nile, between its Tanitic and Mendesian branches. In Greco-Roman Egypt, Thumis replaced Djedet as the capital of Lower Egypt's 16th Nome of Kha [ Herodotus ]....
     (Tell El-Timai)
  • Naucratis
    Naucratis

    Naucratis or Naukratis, , loosely translated as " power over ships" , was a city of Ancient Egypt, on the Canopus, Egypt branch of the Nile river, 45 mi SE of the open sea and the later capital of Ptolemaic Egypt, Alexandria....
     
  • Tjafanet
    Daphnae

    Daphnae was an ancient fortress near the Syrian frontier of Egypt, on the Pelusian arm of the Nile.Psammetichus I established a garrison of foreign mercenaries at Daphnae, mostly Carians and Ionian Greeks ....
     (Tahpanhes, Daphnae Pelusiae, Baal Zephon)
  • Tell Abu Sefeh
  • Pi-Ramesse
    Avaris

    Avaris , was located near modern Tell el-Dab'a in the northeastern region of the Nile Delta. As the main course of the Nile migrated eastward and the delta sedimented up and moved with the river, its position at the hub of Egypt's delta emporia made it a major administrative capital of the Hyksos "Phoenician kings" and other traders....
     (Per-Ramessu, Raamses)
  • Hatwaret
    Avaris

    Avaris , was located near modern Tell el-Dab'a in the northeastern region of the Nile Delta. As the main course of the Nile migrated eastward and the delta sedimented up and moved with the river, its position at the hub of Egypt's delta emporia made it a major administrative capital of the Hyksos "Phoenician kings" and other traders....
     (Avaris, Tell ed-Dab'a)
  • Pa-Kes (Faqus, Goshen)
  • Tell abu ar-Rus
  • Taremu
    Leontopolis

    Leontopolis or Leonto or Latin: Leontos Oppidum or Egyptian language: Taremu, was an Ancient Egyptian city that is known as Tell al Muqdam today....
     (Leontopolis, Tell al Muqdam) imprecise coordinates
  • Tjeku
    Sukkot

    Sukkot , is a Hebrew Bible pilgrimage Jewish holiday that occurs in autumn on the 15th day of the month of Tishrei . The holiday lasts seven days, including Chol Hamoed....
     (Succoth, Tell el Maskhuta) imprecise coordinates
  • Per-Bastet
    Bubastis

    Bubastis or Egyptian language Per-Bast was an Ancient Egyptian city, the capital of its own nome , located along the Nile in the Nile Delta region of Lower Egypt....
     (Bubastis, Tell Basta)
  • Heroopolis
    Pithom

    Pithom also called Per-Atum or Hero?polis or Heroonopolis , is an ancient city of Egypt known from both Bible and Ancient Greece and Roman Empire sources....
     
  • Pi-Atum
    Pithom

    Pithom also called Per-Atum or Hero?polis or Heroonopolis , is an ancient city of Egypt known from both Bible and Ancient Greece and Roman Empire sources....
     (Pithom)
  • Hut-Heryib
    Athribis

    Athribis or Athlibis A small hill, Tell Atrib, at Banha, north of Cairo now marks its former site, northeast of the modern town of Banha....
     (Athribis, Benha)
  • Ney-ta-hut
    Leontopolis (Heliopolis)

    Leontopolis is the Greek language name for the modern area of Tell el Yehudiye or Tell el-Yahudiya.It was an ancient city of Egypt in the 13th nome of Lower Egypt , on the Pelusiac branch of the Nile....
     (Leontopolis, Tell el-Yahudiya)
  • Iunu
    Heliopolis (ancient)

    Heliopolis , meaning sun-city, was one of the most ancient cities of Egypt, and capital of the 13th Lower Egyptian Nome . Its name also refers to an unrelated Heliopolis of Cairo, also known as ??? ???????, Masr al-gidedah ....
     (Heliopolis)
  • Troyu
    Tura

    Tura can refer to:*Tura River, left tributary of the Tobol River, Russia*Tura, Russia, an urban-type settlement in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia*Tura, India, the capital of West Garo Hills district, Meghalaya, India...
     (Tura) imprecise coordinates


Middle Egypt
  • Br-wsir
    Abusir

    Abusir is the name given to an Egyptian archaeological locality ? specifically, an extensive necropolis of the Old Kingdom period, together with later additions ? in the vicinity of the modern capital Cairo....
     (Abusir) imprecise coordinates
  • Saqqara Serapeum
    Serapeum

    A Serapeum is a temple or other religious institution dedicated to the syncretism Hellenistic civilization-Ancient Egypt god Serapis, who combined aspects of Osiris and Apis in a humanized form that was palatable to the Ptolemaic dynasty of Alexandria....
     
  • Saqqara
    Saqqara

    Saqqara or Sakkara, Saqqarah is a vast, ancient burial ground in Egypt, serving as the necropolis for the Ancient Egyptian capital, Memphis, Egypt....
     
  • Mennefer
    Memphis, Egypt

    Memphis was the ancient capital of the first Nome of Lower Egypt, and of the Old Kingdom of Egypt from its foundation until around 2200 BC and later for shorter periods during the New Kingdom, and an administrative centre throughout ancient history....
     (Memphis)
  • Itj-Tawy
    Itjtawy

    Itjtawy , is the as-yet unidentified location of the royal city founded by Twelfth dynasty of Egypt Egyptians King Amenemhat I during year 20 of his reign....
     (Lisht)
  • Tpyhwt
    Atfih

    Atfih is a city in Middle Egypt, in the Al Jizah Governorate. Its population numbered 106,300 in 2001. The name is derived from Egyptian language Tpyhwt, meaning the first of the cows, referring to Hathor....
     (Aphroditopolis, Atfih) imprecise coordinates
  • Hatwaret
    Hawara

    Hawara is an archaeological site of Ancient Egypt, south of the site of Crocodilopolis at the entrance to the depression of the Al Fayyum oasis....
     (Hawara)
  • Hat-nen-nesu
    Herakleopolis Magna

    Herakleopolis Magna is the Greek language name of the capital of the Twentieth nome of ancient Egypt. It was called Henen-nesut, Nen-nesu, or Hwt-nen-nesu in Egyptian language, meaning 'house of the royal child.' Later, it was called Hnas in Coptic language, and Ahnas in medieval Arabic language writings....
     (Heracleopolis)
  • Tayu-djayet
    El Hiba

    el-Hiba is the modern name of the Egyptian language city of Tayu-djayet , an ancient nickname meaning "their walls" in reference to the massive enclosure walls built on the site....
     (Ankyronpolis, Al-Hiba) imprecise coordinates
  • Per-Medjed
    Oxyrhynchus

    Oxyrhynchus is a city in Upper Egypt, located about 160 km south-southwest of Cairo, in the governorate of Al Minya Governorate. It is also an archaeological site, considered one of the most important ever discovered....
     (Oxyrhynchus)
  • Dehenet
    Akoris, Egypt

    Akoris is the Greek language name for the modern Egyptian village of , located about 10km north of Al Minya, Egypt.Akoris was a site in Ancient Egypt, known as Dehnet....
     (Akoris) imprecise coordinates
  • Hebenu
    Hebenu

    Hebenu is an Ancient Egyptian city. It was the early capital of the 16th Upper Egyptian Nome . The modern village of Kom el Ahmar is built on the site where the ancient city stood....
     (Kom el-Ahmar) imprecise coordinates
  • Beni Hasan
    Beni Hasan

    Beni Hasan Beni Hasan is a cemetery site located in the region known as Middle Egypt, which is the area between Asyut and Memphis.[1] While there are some Old Kingdom burials at the site, it was primarily used during the Middle Kingdom period which spanned from 2040 to 1640 BCE.[2] To the south of the cemetery is Speos Artemidos a...
      imprecise coordinates
  • Speos Artemidos
    Speos Artemidos

    The Speos Artemidos is an archaeological site in Egypt. It is located about 2 kilometre south of the Middle Kingdom of Egypt tombs at Beni Hasan, and about 28 km south of Al Minya, Egypt....
      imprecise coordinates
  • Khnum
    Hermopolis

    Hermopolis Magna or simply Hermopolis or Hermopolis Megale or Hermupolis is the site of ancient Khmun, and is located near the modern Egyptian town of El Ashmunein in Al Minya governorate....
     (Khemennu, Hermopolis)
  • Akhetaten
    Amarna

    The site of Amarna is located on the east bank of the Nile River in the modern Egyptian province of Minya Governorate, some 58 km south of the city of al-Minya, 312 km south of the Egyptian capital Cairo and 402 km north of Luxor....
     (Tell el Amarna)
  • Meir
    Meir, Egypt

    Meir is an Upper Egyptian village, located on the west bank of the Nile, in the Asyut Governorate. It is some 7 kilometers west of el-Qusiya. The modern village is located at coordinates , while the necropolis is located at coordinates ....
      imprecise coordinates
  • Zawty
    Asyut

    Asyut , is the capital of the modern Asyut Governorate, Egypt; there is an ancient city nearby. The modern city is located at: , while the ancient city is located at: ....
     (Lycopolis, Asyut) imprecise coordinates
  • Tjebu
    Tjebu

    Tjebu or Djew-Qa is an ancient Egyptian city, located on the eastern bank of the Nile, in the modern Sohag governorate. In the Greco-Roman period, its name was Antaeopolis, and its modern name is Qaw el-Kebir....
     (Djew-Qa, Antaeopolis, Qau, Qaw el-Kebir) imprecise coordinates


Upper Egypt
  • Apu
    Akhmim

    Akhmim is a city in the Upper Egyptian Sohag Governorate. The Greek names of the city were Khemmis, Chemmis and Panopolis. It is located the east bank of the Nile, 4 miles to the northeast of Sohag....
     (Akhmim, Khen-min, Panopolis)
  • Tjenu
    Girga

    Girga is a city in the Upper Egyptian Sohag Governorate. It is located on the west bank of the Nile River.Modern Girga has an estimated population of 71,564, and has various industries including sugar manufacturing....
     (Thinis, Girga)
  • Abdju
    Abydos, Egypt

    Abydos , one of the most ancient cities of Upper and Lower Egypt, is about 11 km west of the Nile at latitude 26? 10' N. The Egyptian name of both the eighth Nome of Upper Egypt and its capital city was Abdju, technically, 3bdw as in the hieroglyphs shown to the right, the hill of the symbol or reliquary, in which...
     (Abydos) *Ta-ynt-netert
    Dendera

    Dendera , is a little town in Egypt on the west bank of the Nile, about 5 km south from Qina, on the opposite side of the Nile....
     (Dendera)
  • Gebtu
    Qift

    Qift is a small town in the Qena Governorate of Egypt about 43 km north of Luxor, on the east bank of the Nile....
     (Coptos, Qift)
  • Tukh Pyramid
    Naqada

    Naqada is a town on the west bank of the Nile in the Egyptian governorate of Qena Governorate. It was known in Ancient Egypt as Nubt and in classical antiquity as Ombos....
     
  • Nubt
    Naqada

    Naqada is a town on the west bank of the Nile in the Egyptian governorate of Qena Governorate. It was known in Ancient Egypt as Nubt and in classical antiquity as Ombos....
     (Ombos) imprecise coordinates
  • Naqada
    Naqada

    Naqada is a town on the west bank of the Nile in the Egyptian governorate of Qena Governorate. It was known in Ancient Egypt as Nubt and in classical antiquity as Ombos....
     (Nagade)
  • Gesa
    Apollonopolis Parva (Coptos)

    Apollonopolis Parva or Apollinopolis Parva or Apollonos Vicus , was an ancient town of the Thebaid, in the Coptite Nome, in latitude 26? North, situated between Thebes, Egypt and Coptos....
     (Apollonopolis Parva, Qus) imprecise coordinates
  • Waset
    Thebes, Egypt

    Thebes was a city in Ancient Egypt located about 800 km south of the Mediterranean, on the east bank of the river Nile . It was the capital of Waset, the fourth Upper Egyptian Nome ....
     (Thebes, Luxor)
  • Iuny
    Hermonthis

    The modern town of Armant , is located about 12 miles south of Thebes, Egypt, in Egypt. It was an important Middle Kingdom town, which was enlarged during the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt....
     (Hermonthis, Armant) imprecise coordinates
  • Djerty (Tuphium, Tod) imprecise coordinates
  • Per-Hathor (Aphroditopolis, Gebelein) imprecise coordinates
  • Iunyt
    Esna

    The Egyptian city of Esna , known to the ancient Egyptians as Egyptian language: Iunyt or Ta-senet; Greek language: or or ; Latin: Lato, is located on the west bank of the Nile, some 55 km south of Luxor, in the modern Qena Governorate....
     (Ta-senet, Latopolis, Esna)
  • Nekheb (Eileithyiaspolis)
  • Nekhen
    Nekhen

    Nekhen, was the religious and political capitol of Upper Egypt at the end of the Predynastic Egypt period and probably, also during the Early Dynastic Period of Egypt ....
     (Hierakonpolis, Kom El-Ahmar)
  • Behdet
    Edfu

    Edfu is an Egyptian city, located on the west bank of the Nile River between Esna and Aswan, with a population of approximately sixty thousand people....
     (Idfu)
  • Nubt
    Kom Ombo

    Kom Ombo or Ombos or Latin: Ambo and Ombi – is an agricultural town in Egypt famous for the Temple of Kom Ombo. It was originally an Ancient Egypt city called Nubt, meaning City of Gold ....
     (Ombos, Kom Ombo)
  • Abu
    Elephantine

    Elephantine is an island in the Nile, located just downstream of the Cataracts of the Nile at at the southern border of Ancient Egypt. This region is referred to as Upper Egypt because the ancient Egyptians oriented themselves toward the direction from which the river flowed....
     (Elephantine)
  • Pilak
    Philae

    Philae or Pilak or P'aaleq or Arabic language: Anas el Wagud, is an island in the Nile River and the previous site of an Ancient Egyptian temple complex in southern Egypt....
     (Philae)


Wawat (Nubia)
  • Talmis
    New Kalabsha

    New Kalabsha is a promontory located near Aswan in Egypt by the Aswan High Dam.It houses several important temples, structures and other remains that have been relocated here to avoid the rising waters of Lake Nasser....
     (Kalabsha)
  • Sobboua (Wadi el-Soboua temple)
  • Nabta
    Nabta Playa

    Nabta Playa was once a large basin in the Nubian Desert, located approximately 500 miles south of modern day Cairo or about 100 kilometers west of Abu Simbel of southern Egypt, 22? 32' north, 30? 42' east....
     
  • Qustul
    Nubia

    Nubia is a region in Southern Egypt along the Nile and in what is now northern Sudan. Most of Nubia is situated in Sudan with about a quarter of its territory in Egypt....
     
  • Buhen
    Buhen

    Buhen was an ancient Egyptian settlement situated below the Cataracts of the Nile. It is well known for its fortress, probably constructed during the rule of Senusret III, around the year 1860 BC ....
     


Kush + Ethiopia

  • Kerma
    Kingdom of Kerma

    The Kingdom of Kerma was a state in Nubia from around 2500 BC to about 1520 BC. It was based in the city of Kerma in Upper Nubia and emerged as a major centre during the Middle Kingdom of Egypt period of Egypt....
     
  • Jebel Barkal
    Jebel Barkal

    Jebel Barkal or Gebel Barkal is a small mountain located some 400 km north of Khartoum, in Karima, Sudan in Northern, Sudan in Sudan, on a large bend of the Nile River, in the region called Nubia....
     
  • Napata
    Napata

    Napata was a city-state on the west bank of the Blue Nile River, some 400 km north of Khartoum, the present capital of Sudan. It was built around 1345 BC by the Nubians....
     
  • Meroë (Wadi Tarabil cemetery)
  • Meroë
    Meroë

    Mero? is the name of an ancient city on the east bank of the Nile about 6 km north-east of the Kabushiya station near Shendi, Sudan, approximately 200 km north-east of Khartoum....
     
  • Aksum
    Axum

    Axum, or Aksum, is a city in northern Ethiopia named after the Kingdom of Aksum, a naval and trading power that ruled from the region ca....
     
  • Queen of Sheba's palace at Axum/Dongur


See also

  • city state
  • Sumerian King List
    Sumerian king list

    The Sumerian King List is an ancient text in the Sumerian language that lists monarch of Sumer from Sumerian and foreign dynasties. It records the location of "official" kingship, along with the rulers and the lengths of their rule....
  • Historical cities
  • Short chronology timeline
    Short chronology timeline

    The short chronology is one Chronology of the ancient Near East, which fixes the reign of Hammurabi to 1728 BC ? 1686 BC and the sack of Babylon to 1531 BC....
  • List of oldest continuously inhabited cities
    List of oldest continuously inhabited cities

    This is a list of present-day city by the time period over which they have been continuously inhabited.The age claims listed may be disputed, or indeed obsolete....