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Chita Oblast , Chitinskaya oblast) was a federal subject
Federal subjects of Russia

Russia is a federation which consists of 83 subjects. These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal representation?two delegates each?in the Federation Council of Russia ....
 of Russia
Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
 (an oblast
Oblast

Oblast is a type of administrative division in Slavic peoples countries and in some countries of the former Soviet Union. The word "oblast" is a loanword in English, but it is nevertheless often translated as "area", "zone", "province", or "region"....
) in south-east Siberia
Siberia

Siberia , is the name given to the vast region constituting almost all of North Asia and for the most part currently serving as the massive central and eastern portion of the Russian Federation, having served in the same capacity previously for the Soviet Union from its beginning, and the Russian Empire beginning in the 16th century....
, Russia
Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
. Its administrative center was the city of Chita. It had extensive international borders with China
People's Republic of China

The People's Republic of China , commonly known as China, is the largest country in East Asia and the List of countries by population in the world with over 1.3 billion people, approximately a fifth of the world's population....
 (998 km) and Mongolia
Mongolia

Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia and Central Asia. It borders Russia to the north and People's Republic of China to the south, east and west....
 (868 km) and internal borders with Irkutsk
Irkutsk Oblast

Irkutsk Oblast is a federal subjects of Russia of Russia , located in south-eastern Siberia in the basins of Angara River, Lena River, and Nizhnyaya Tunguska Rivers....
 and Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast

Amur Oblast is a federal subjects of Russia of Russia , situated about 8,000 km east of Moscow on the banks of the Amur River and Zeya Rivers....
s, as well as with the Buryat
Buryatia

Buryat Republic is a federal subjects of Russia of Russia . Its size is slightly over 350,000 km? with a population of almost one million....
 and the Sakha Republic
Sakha Republic

The Sakha Republic is a federal subjects of Russia of Russia . At half the size of the Far Eastern Federal District, it is the list of the largest country subdivisions by area in the world at 3,100,000 km? with a population of less than one million....
s. Its size was just over 430,000 kmē with a population of almost 1,150,000. On March 1, 2008, Chita Oblast merged with Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug
Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug

Agin-Buryat Okrug , or Aga Buryatia, is an administrative division of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It was a federal subjects of Russia of Russia until it merged with Chita Oblast to form Zabaykalsky Krai on March 1, 2008....
 to form Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai

Zabaykalsky Krai is a new federal subjects of Russia of Russia that was created on March 1, 2008 as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug, after a referendum held on the issue on March 11, 2007....
.

The territory that made up the former Chita Oblast was first explored by Cossacks led by Pyotr Beketov
Pyotr Beketov

Pyotr Beketov was a prominent Cossack explorer of Siberia and founder of many cities such as Yakutsk, Chita, Russia, and Nerchinsk....
 in 1653.






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Chita Oblast , Chitinskaya oblast) was a federal subject
Federal subjects of Russia

Russia is a federation which consists of 83 subjects. These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal representation?two delegates each?in the Federation Council of Russia ....
 of Russia
Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
 (an oblast
Oblast

Oblast is a type of administrative division in Slavic peoples countries and in some countries of the former Soviet Union. The word "oblast" is a loanword in English, but it is nevertheless often translated as "area", "zone", "province", or "region"....
) in south-east Siberia
Siberia

Siberia , is the name given to the vast region constituting almost all of North Asia and for the most part currently serving as the massive central and eastern portion of the Russian Federation, having served in the same capacity previously for the Soviet Union from its beginning, and the Russian Empire beginning in the 16th century....
, Russia
Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
. Its administrative center was the city of Chita. It had extensive international borders with China
People's Republic of China

The People's Republic of China , commonly known as China, is the largest country in East Asia and the List of countries by population in the world with over 1.3 billion people, approximately a fifth of the world's population....
 (998 km) and Mongolia
Mongolia

Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia and Central Asia. It borders Russia to the north and People's Republic of China to the south, east and west....
 (868 km) and internal borders with Irkutsk
Irkutsk Oblast

Irkutsk Oblast is a federal subjects of Russia of Russia , located in south-eastern Siberia in the basins of Angara River, Lena River, and Nizhnyaya Tunguska Rivers....
 and Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast

Amur Oblast is a federal subjects of Russia of Russia , situated about 8,000 km east of Moscow on the banks of the Amur River and Zeya Rivers....
s, as well as with the Buryat
Buryatia

Buryat Republic is a federal subjects of Russia of Russia . Its size is slightly over 350,000 km? with a population of almost one million....
 and the Sakha Republic
Sakha Republic

The Sakha Republic is a federal subjects of Russia of Russia . At half the size of the Far Eastern Federal District, it is the list of the largest country subdivisions by area in the world at 3,100,000 km? with a population of less than one million....
s. Its size was just over 430,000 kmē with a population of almost 1,150,000. On March 1, 2008, Chita Oblast merged with Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug
Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug

Agin-Buryat Okrug , or Aga Buryatia, is an administrative division of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It was a federal subjects of Russia of Russia until it merged with Chita Oblast to form Zabaykalsky Krai on March 1, 2008....
 to form Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai

Zabaykalsky Krai is a new federal subjects of Russia of Russia that was created on March 1, 2008 as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug, after a referendum held on the issue on March 11, 2007....
.

The territory that made up the former Chita Oblast was first explored by Cossacks led by Pyotr Beketov
Pyotr Beketov

Pyotr Beketov was a prominent Cossack explorer of Siberia and founder of many cities such as Yakutsk, Chita, Russia, and Nerchinsk....
 in 1653. People began to move into and develop the area in order to strengthen Russia's border with China
China

China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
 and Mongolia, extract mineral resources, and build the Trans-Siberian railway
Trans-Siberian Railway

The Trans-Siberian Railway or Trans-Siberian Railroad is a network of railways connecting Moscow and European Russia with the Russian Far East provinces, Mongolia, China and the Sea of Japan....
. In 1920, Chita became the capital of the Far East Republic, which merged with Russia in November 1922, a month before the Soviet Union
Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a Constitution of the Soviet Union socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.The name is a translation of the , romanization of Russian Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik, abbreviated ????, SSSR....
 was constituted. In 1923, Chita Oblast was formed.

The oblast was rich in ferrous, non-ferrous, rare, and precious metals, coal
Coal

Coal is a readily combustion black or brownish-black sedimentary rock. The harder forms, such as anthracite, can be regarded as metamorphic rock because of later exposure to elevated temperature and pressure....
, charcoal
Charcoal

Charcoal is the blackish residue consisting of impure carbon obtained by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation substances....
, and mineral waters. Russia's estimated reserves of ores with a high uranium
Uranium

Uranium is a silvery-gray metallic chemical element in the actinide series of the periodic table that has the chemical symbol U and atomic number 92....
 content are 145,400 tons. Most of these deposits are located in the former Chita Oblast, near Krasnokamensk, site of the Priargunsky Mining and Chemical Combine (PMCC). Forests cover about 60% of its territory. As a result, the oblast's main industries were metallurgy
Metallurgy

Metallurgy is a domain of materials science that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic Chemical element, their intermetallics, and their mixtures, which are called alloys....
, fuel
Fuel

Fuel is any material that is burned or altered in order to obtain energy and to heat or to move an object. Fuel releases its energy either through a chemical reaction means, such as combustion, or nuclear means, such as nuclear fission or nuclear fusion....
, and timber
Timber

Timber may refer to:* Lumber, i.e. wood materials* Timber, Oregon, an unincorporated community in the U.S. state of Oregon* Timber , a 1984 arcade game by Bally Midway...
. It also had advanced light and food industries. Local agriculture focused on cattle, sheep, and reindeer breeding.

Geography


Time zone


Chita Oblast was located in the Yakutsk Time Zone (YAKT/YAKST). UTC
Coordinated Universal Time

Coordinated Universal Time is a time standard based on International Atomic Time with leap seconds added at irregular intervals to compensate for the Earth's slowing rotation....
 offset is +0900 (YAKT)/+1000 (YAKST).

Administrative divisions


Demographics

Birth rate: Quite high at 13.77 (2004), but still there were more deaths than births (2005 official figures).

The population were mostly Russians
Russians

The Russian people are an East Slavs ethnic group, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries.The English language term Russians is used to refer to the citizens of Russia, regardless of their ethnicity ; in Russian language, the demonym Russian is translated as Rossiyanin ....
 and Buryats
Buryats

The Buryats or Buriyads, numbering approximately 436,000, are the largest ethnic minority group in Siberia and are mainly concentrated in their homeland, the Buryatia, a Federal subjects of Russia of Russia....
, along with some Ukrainians
Ukrainians

Ukrainians are an East Slavs ethnic group primarily living in Ukraine, or more broadly?citizens of Ukraine . Some 200 years ago and times prior to that, Ukrainians were usually referred to and known as Rusyny ....
 and a few Evenks
Evenks

The Evenks or Evenki are a Tungusic people of Northern Asia. In Russia, the Evenks are recognized as one of the Indigenous peoples of the Russian North, with a population of 35,527 ....
. There were 1,000 Jews, who mostly speak Yiddish in the regional capital. According to the 2002 census, Russians made up 89.8% of the population while Buriots were 6.1%. Other significant groups were Tatars (0.71%), Armene (0.31%), Byelorussian (0.26%), Azeri (0.18%), Evenks (0.13%), Nemts
Volga German

The Volga Germans were ethnic Germans living along the River Volga in the region of southern European Russia around Saratov and to the south. They maintained German culture, German language, traditions and churches: Evangelical Church in Germany, Reformed Church, Roman Catholicism, and Russian Mennonite....
 (0.11%), Chuvash (0.11%), Bashkirs (0.11%), Moldvin (0.07%), Mordvin (0.06%), Uzbek (0.06%) and Dargwa (0.05%).

In 2007, Chita Oblast recorded a small natural population increase (+0.03% without taking any migration into account), becoming one of the only two Russian federal subjects to reverse its population decline in 2007. The other federal subject was Kamchatka Oblast, with a NGPR of +0.005%. Chita Oblast is one of only twenty Russian federal subjects to have a +ve natural growth of population. But population of Chita actually decreased in 2007 due to very heavy emigration.

Vital Statistics for 2007: Source
Total fertility rates by federal subjects of Russia

TFR by Federal SubjectsThis is a list of values of total fertility rates by federal subjects of Russia of RussiaThe historical variation in TFR in RF is given in the table below....


Birth Rate: 14.63 per 1000

Death Rate: 14.33 per 1000

Net Immigration: -3.2 per 1000

NGR: +0.03% per Year

PGR: -0.29% per Year