China spallation neutron source
Encyclopedia
The China Spallation Neutron Source is a proposed accelerator-based neutron source, operated by the Institute of High Energy Physics
Institute of High Energy Physics
The Institute of High Energy Physics is the biggest and comprehensive fundamental research center in China. The major research fields of IHEP are particle physics, accelerator physics and technologies, radiation technologies and application....

, to be built at Dongguan
Dongguan
Dongguan is a prefecture-level city in central Guangdong province, People's Republic of China.An important industrial city located in the Pearl River Delta, Dongguan borders the provincial capital of Guangzhou to the north, Huizhou to the northeast, Shenzhen to the south, and the Pearl River to...

 in Guangdong province - the first major scientific facility in south China. The project was approved by Chinese central government in 2005; it is intended to start construction in 2010, commissioning in 2016, and operation in 2018.

The source contains a proton synchrotron fed by a linear accelerator; short (<500ns) pulses of 1.63e13 1.6GeV protons are extracted from the synchrotron 25 times a second; these pulses strike a tungsten-metal target (cooled with heavy water
Heavy water
Heavy water is water highly enriched in the hydrogen isotope deuterium; e.g., heavy water used in CANDU reactors is 99.75% enriched by hydrogen atom-fraction...

) to produce energetic neutrons, which are reduced to scientifically-interesting energies by a variety of moderators.

The intended budget for the project is 1.5 billion CNY; this limits the initial power of the machine to about 120 kW, but it has been designed so that its power can readily be quadrupled if more funding becomes available, by upgrading the linear accelerator and the RF components of the synchrotron.
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