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Chenopodioideae

 
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Chenopodioideae
 
 
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The Chenopodioideae is a subfamily of the flowering plant
Flowering plant

The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of Embryophytes. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of Spermatophyte....
 family Amaranthaceae
Amaranthaceae

The flowering plant family Amaranthaceae, the Amaranth family, contains about 160 genera and 2,400 species. Most of these species are herbs or shrubs; very few are trees or climbers....
, formerly treated as a distinct family, Chenopodiaceae
Chenopodiaceae

Chenopodiaceae is a family of flowering plants. Although widely recognized in most plant classifications , the APG system and the APG II system have included these plants in the family Amaranthaceae on the basis of evidence from molecular phylogenies....
, and comprising all of the genera formerly included in this family except for those transferred to the subfamilies Salicornioideae
Salicornioideae

The Salicornioideae is a subfamily of the Amaranthaceae, formerly in family Chenopodiaceae. Plants from the Salicornioideae are all succulent, coastal halophytes....
 and Salsoloideae
Salsoloideae

The Salsoloideae is a subfamily of the Amaranthaceae, formerly in family Chenopodiaceae....
. The precise circumscription of the subfamily is still uncertain, with research continuing; significant changes may occur to the genera included.

The subfamily as currently circumscribed has a cosmopolitan distribution
Cosmopolitan distribution

In biogeography, a biological category of living things is said to have cosmopolitan distribution if this category can be found almost anywhere around the world....
, with about 1,400 species accepted.






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Encyclopedia


The Chenopodioideae is a subfamily of the flowering plant
Flowering plant

The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of Embryophytes. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of Spermatophyte....
 family Amaranthaceae
Amaranthaceae

The flowering plant family Amaranthaceae, the Amaranth family, contains about 160 genera and 2,400 species. Most of these species are herbs or shrubs; very few are trees or climbers....
, formerly treated as a distinct family, Chenopodiaceae
Chenopodiaceae

Chenopodiaceae is a family of flowering plants. Although widely recognized in most plant classifications , the APG system and the APG II system have included these plants in the family Amaranthaceae on the basis of evidence from molecular phylogenies....
, and comprising all of the genera formerly included in this family except for those transferred to the subfamilies Salicornioideae
Salicornioideae

The Salicornioideae is a subfamily of the Amaranthaceae, formerly in family Chenopodiaceae. Plants from the Salicornioideae are all succulent, coastal halophytes....
 and Salsoloideae
Salsoloideae

The Salsoloideae is a subfamily of the Amaranthaceae, formerly in family Chenopodiaceae....
. The precise circumscription of the subfamily is still uncertain, with research continuing; significant changes may occur to the genera included.

The subfamily as currently circumscribed has a cosmopolitan distribution
Cosmopolitan distribution

In biogeography, a biological category of living things is said to have cosmopolitan distribution if this category can be found almost anywhere around the world....
, with about 1,400 species accepted. It is a particularly significant component of the vegetation of the arid region that extends from north Africa
Africa

Africa is the world's second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km? including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area....
 to central Asia
Asia

Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent. It covers 8.6% of the Earth's total surface area and, with over 4 billion people, it contains more than 60% of the world's current human population....
.

It includes herbaceous plants and shrub
Shrub

A shrub or bush is a horticulture rather than strictly Botany category of woody plant, distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, usually less than 5-6 m tall....
s, sometimes succulent. The species are distinguished by flower
Flower

A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproduction structure found in flowering plants . The biological function of a flower is to mediate the union of male sperm with female ovum in order to produce seeds....
s with no petal
Petal

A petal is one member or part of the Corolla of a flower. The corolla is the name for all of the petals of a flower; the inner perianth whorl, term used when this is not the same in appearance as the outermost whorl and is used to attract pollinators based on its advertising coloration....
s, and in the fruit
Fruit

The term fruit has different meanings dependent on context, and the term is not synonymous in food preparation and biology. In botany, which is the scientific study of plants, fruits are the ripened Ovary of flowering plants....
 being an achene
Achene

An achene is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are "monocarpellate" and wikt:indehiscent . Achenes contain a single seed that nearly fills the pericarp, but does not adhere to it....
 or utricle
Utricle

The utricle, or utriculus, along with the saccule is one of the two otolith organs located in the vertebrate inner ear....
. Many species accumulate salt
Salt

A salt, in chemistry, is defined as the product formed from the neutralisation reaction of acids and base . Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions so that the product is electrically electric charge ....
s in their tissues, and some secrete saltly substance on leaves. They exhibit CAM and C4 photosynthesis.

Food species include several Chenopodium
Chenopodium

Chenopodium is a genus of about 150 species of perennial or annual plant herbaceous flowering plants known as the goosefoots, which occur almost anywhere in the world....
 species (Quinoa
Quinoa

Quinoa is a species of goosefoot grown as a agriculture primarily for its edible seeds. It is a pseudocereal rather than a true cereal as it is not a Poaceae....
, Kañiwa
Kañiwa

Ka?iwa is a species of goosefoot, similar in character and uses to the closely related quinoa. It has important beneficial characteristics including: tolerance of high mountain conditions, high protein content, and a lack of the saponins which complicate quinoa use....
, Fat Hen
Fat Hen

Fat hen or fat-hen is a common name for various plants with succulent or juicy leaves, often species that are used as a vegetable:* Aristolochia rotunda ...
, Good King Henry
Good King Henry

Good King Henry , also called Poor-man's Asparagus, Perennial Goosefoot, Lincolnshire Spinach or Markery is a species of goosefoot which is native to much of central and southern Europe....
, and Epazote
Epazote

Epazote, Wormseed, Jesuit's Tea, Mexican Tea, or Herba Sancti Mari? is a herb native to Central America, South America, and southern Mexico....
), Orache (Atriplex spp.), spinach
Spinach

Spinach is a flowering plant in the family of Amaranthaceae. It is native to central and southwestern Asia. It is an annual plant , which grows to a height of up to 30 cm....
 (Spinacia oleracea), and, of greatest commercial importance, the crops derived from Beta vulgaris, Sugar beet
Sugar beet

Sugar beet , a member of the Chenopodiaceae family, is a plant whose root contains a high concentration of sucrose. It is grown commercially for sugar production....
, Beet
Beet

The beet is a plant in the Amaranthaceae. It is best known its numerous cultivated varieties, the most well known of which is probably the red root vegetable known as the garden beet....
, Mangelwurzel
Mangelwurzel

Mangelwurzel or mangold wurzel , is a root vegetable of the family Chenopodiaceae, genus Beta . Its large white, yellow or orange-yellow swollen roots were developed in the 1700s for feeding livestock...
 and Chard
Chard

Chard , also known by the common names Swiss Chard, Silverbeet, Perpetual Spinach, Spinach Beet, Crab Beet, Seakale Beet and Mangold, is a leafy vegetable and a Beta vulgaris subsp....
.

Genera

The subfamily currently includes the following genera:
  • Acroglochin
  • Agathophora
  • Agriophyllum
  • Alexandra
  • Allenrolfea
    Allenrolfea

    Allenrolfea is a monotypic plant genus containing the single species Allenrolfea occidentalis, the iodinebush. This is a low-lying shrub of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, where it grows in sandy, often salty, distinctly alkaline soils, such as desert washes and saline dry lakebeds....
  • Anabasis
  • Anthochlamys
  • Aphanisma
    Aphanisma

    Aphanisma is a monotypic genus which contains the sole species Aphanisma blitoides, a rare annual plant known by the common names San Diego coastalcreeper or simply aphanisma....
  • Archiatriplex
  • Arthrocnemum
  • Arthrophytum
  • Atriplex
    Atriplex

    Atriplex is a plant genus of 100-200 species, known by the common names of saltbush and orache . The genus is quite variable and widely distributed....
  • Axyris
  • Babbagia
  • Bassia
  • Beta
    Beta (plant)

    Beta is a genus in the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae. The best known member is the common Beet, Beta vulgaris, but several other species are recognised. Almost all have the common name of "Beet"....
  • Bienertia
  • Borsczowia
  • Brachylepis
  • Camphorosma
  • Ceratocarpus
  • Chenopodium
    Chenopodium

    Chenopodium is a genus of about 150 species of perennial or annual plant herbaceous flowering plants known as the goosefoots, which occur almost anywhere in the world....
  • Choriptera
  • Climacoptera
  • Corispermum
    Corispermum

    Corispermum is a genus of plants in the Chenopodiaceae. Common names given to members of the genus involve bugseed, tickseed, and tumbleweed....
  • Cornulaca
  • Cremnophyton
  • Cyathobasis
  • Cycloloma
    Cycloloma

    Cycloloma is a monotypic genus which contains the sole species Cycloloma atriplicifolium, which is known by the common names winged pigweed, tumble ringwing, plains tumbleweed, and tumble-weed....
  • Didymanthus
  • Dissocarpus
  • Dysphania
  • Einadia
    Einadia

    Einadia is a plant genus in the family Amaranthaceae. The species, which are native to Australia and New Zealand, include:*Einadia hastata A.J.Scott...
  • Enchylaena
    Enchylaena

    Enchylaena is a genus of two species of small perennial shrubs endemic to Australia. Plants of this genus are commonly known as barrier saltbushes....
  • Eremophea
  • Eriochiton
  • Esfandiaria
  • Exomis
  • Fadenia
    Fadenia

    Fadenia is an extinct genus of Eugeneodontida from Permian of Greenland....
  • Fredolia
  • Girgensohnia
  • Goerziella
  • Grayia
    Grayia (plant)

    Grayia is a monotypic genus of plants containing the sole species Grayia spinosa, which is known by the common names hop sage and spiny hop sage....
  • Gyroptera
  • Hablitzia
    Hablitzia

    Hablitzia tamnoides, the sole species in the genus Hablitzia, is a herbaceous perennial plant, native to the Caucasus region. It is in the familiy Amaranthaceae, subfamily Chenopodioideae, related to Beta , but unlike that genus, is a vine, climbing to 3 m or more tall in summer....
  • Halanthium
  • Halarchon
  • Halimione
  • Halimocnemis
  • Halocharis
  • Halocnemum
  • Halogeton
    Halogeton

    Halogeton is a plant genus for which 6 species are presently proposed. The species are annual plants which are tolerant of fairly saline soils; the genus name, Halogeton, derives from the Greek words for "salt" and for "neighbor."...
  • Halostachys
  • Halothamnus
  • Haloxylon
  • Hammada
  • Helicilla
  • Hemichroa
  • Heterostachys
  • Holmbergia
  • Horaninovia
  • Kalidiopsis
  • Kalidium
  • Kirilowia
  • Kochia
    Kochia

    Kochia is a genus of dicotyledonous, perennial and annual shrubs in the subfamily Chenopodioideae of family Amaranthaceae. Kochia is indigenous to Australia, North America, Europe and Asia, and some species have become agricultural weeds due to introduction in non-native lands....
  • Krascheninnikovia
    Krascheninnikovia

    Krascheninnikovia is a genus of flowering plants in the Amaranthaceae known generally as winterfat. They are known from Eurasia and western North America....
  • Lagenantha
  • Maireana
    Maireana

    Maireana is a genus of around 57 species of perennial shrubs and herbs in the family Amaranthaceae which are endemic to Australia. Species in this genus were formerly classified within the genus Kochia....
  • Malacocera
  • Manochlamys
  • Microcnemum
  • Microgynoecium
  • Monolepis
  • Nanophyton
  • Neobassia
  • Nitrophila
    Nitrophila

    Nitrophila is a small genus of flowering plants in the Amaranthaceae sometimes known by the common name niterworts. The genus name is Greek for "soda-loving", as the plant grows in alkaline or salty soils, such as those rich in borax....
  • Noaea
  • Nucularia
  • Ofaiston
  • Oreobliton
  • Pachycornia
  • Panderia
  • Patellifolia
  • Petrosimonia
  • Piptoptera
  • Polycnemum
  • Rhagodia
    Rhagodia

    Rhagodia is a genus of shrubs native to Australia. They are common in saltmarsh and may be succulent, like other salt tolerant species its members are commonly known as saltbushes....
  • Roubieva
  • Roycea
  • Sarcobatus
  • Sclerolaena
  • Sclerostegia
  • Seidlitzia
  • Senniella
  • Sevada
  • Spinacia
  • Stelligera
  • Suckleya
  • Sympegma
  • Tecticornia
    Tecticornia

    Tecticornia is a genus of succulent plant, halophyte plant largely endemic to Australia. In 2007, the genus Halosarcia, along with three other Australian genera was incorporated into...
  • Tegicornia
  • Teloxys
  • Theleophyton
  • Threlkeldia
    Threlkeldia

    Threlkeldia is a genus of annuals or short-lived perennials in the family Amaranthaceae. There are two species, both of which are endemic to Australia....
  • Traganopsis
  • Traganum
  • Zuckia


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