Charles IV of France

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Charles IV of France

Charles IV (18/19 June 1294 – 1 February 1328), was the King of France

List of French monarchs

The monarchs of France ruled, first as kings and later as emperors , from the Middle Ages to 1870. There is some disagreement as to when France came into existence....
and of Navarre

List of Navarrese monarchs

This is a list of the kings of Pamplona , later kingdom of Navarre. Pamplona was the primary name of the kingdom until its union with Kingdom of Aragon ....
(as Charles I) and Count of Champagne

Count of Champagne

The Counts of Champagne ruled the region of Champagne from 950 to 1316. Champagne evolved from the county of Troyes in the late eleventh century and Hugh I of Champagne was the first to officially use the title "Count of Champagne"....
from 1322 to his death: he was the last French king of the senior Capetian lineage

House of Capet

For a full history of the Capetian family, see Capetian dynasty.The House of Capet, or The Direct Capetian Dynasty, , also called The House of France , or simply the Capets, which ruled the Kingdom of France from 987 to 1328, was the most senior line of the Capetian dynasty - itself a derivative dynasty from the...
.

as the third son of Philip IV

Philip IV of France

Philip IV , called the Fair , son and successor of Philip III of France, reigned as List of French monarchs from 1285 until his death. He was the husband of Joan I of Navarre, by virtue of which he was List of Navarrese royal consorts and Counts of Champagne from 1284 to 1305....
. By virtue of his mother, Jeanne I of Navarre's, birthright, Charles claimed the title Charles I, King of Navarre

Navarre

Navarre is a region in northern Spain, constituting one of its autonomous communities in Spain - the "Foral Community of Navarre" ....
.

From 1314 to his accession to the throne, he held the title of Count of La Marche. He was crowned King of France in 1322 at the cathedral in Reims

Reims

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Biography

He was the third son of Philip IV

Philip IV of France

Navarre

Reims

The city of Reims lies in the Champagne-Ardenne region in northeastern France 129 km east-northeast of Paris.Founded by the Gauls, it became a major city during the period of the Roman Empire....
. In 1325, Charles seized the English possessions in France. At the time, Charles's sister Isabella

Isabella of France

Isabella of France , known as the She-Wolf of France, was the Queen consort of Edward II of England and mother of Edward III. She was the youngest surviving child and only surviving daughter of Philip IV of France and Joan I of Navarre....
was married to King Edward II of England

Edward II of England

Edward II, of Caernarfon, was Kingdom of England from 1307 until he was deposition in January 1327. His tendency to ignore his nobility in favour of low-born favourites led to constant political unrest and his eventual deposition....
. Edward sent Isabella to France to negotiate with her brother. Instead, Charles and Isabella organized the overthrow of Edward II, and the installation of Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer as regents of England on behalf of Isabella's young son Edward III of England

Edward III of England

Edward III was one of the most successful List of the monarchs of the Kingdom of Englands of the Britain in the Middle Ages. Restoring royal authority after the disastrous reign of his father, Edward II of England, Edward III went on to transform the Kingdom of England into the most efficient military power in Europe....
.

During his six-year reign Charles IV increased taxes, imposed onerous duties, and arbitrarily confiscated estates from enemies or those he disliked. In 1323 he expelled the Jews from France, using as an excuse the widely circulated rumor that they had conspired with lepers and Islamic rulers (including the king of Babylon) to poison the wells and murder every Christian in the kingdom.

As with his brother before him, Charles died without a male heir, thus ending the direct line of the Capetian dynasty

Capetian dynasty

The Capetian dynasty is the largest European royal house. It includes any of the direct descendants of Hugh Capet of France. King Juan Carlos of Spain and Grand Duke Henri%2C_Grand_Duke_of_Luxembourg of Luxembourg are members of this family, both through the House of Bourbon of the dynasty....
. Twelve years earlier, a rule against succession by females, arguably derived from the Salic Law

Salic law

Salic law was an important body of traditional law codified for governing the Salian Franks in the early Middle Ages during the reign of King Clovis I in the 6th century....
, had been recognized as controlling succession to the French throne. Application of this rule barred Charles's 1-year-old daughter Mary by his third wife, Jeanne d'Évreux

Jeanne d'Evreux

Jeanne d'?vreux was the third wife of King Charles IV of France, daughter of his uncle Louis d'?vreux and Margaret of Artois. She bore no male heir, thus "causing" the end of the House of Capet of the Capetian dynasty....
, from succeeding as the monarch. Jeanne was also pregnant at the time of his death. Since it could have been possible that she would give birth to a son, a regency was set up with the heir presumptive Philip of Valois, a member of the House of Valois (the next-most-senior branch of the Capetian dynasty), being the regent. After two months, Jeanne gave birth to another daughter. The regent thus became the King and in May was consecrated and crowned Philip VI

Philip VI of France

Philip VI , known as the Fortunate and of Valois, was the List of French monarchs from 1328 to his death. He was also Count of Counts and Dukes of Anjou, Counts and Dukes of Maine, and Count of Valois from 1325 to 1328....
. At this time, a further rule of succession, again arguably based on the Salic Law, was recognized as forbidding not only inheritance by a woman, but also inheritance through a female line. Application of this rule barred Edward III of England

Edward III of England

Vincennes

Vincennes is a commune in France of the Val-de-Marne located in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. This ?le-de-France town is located . from the Kilometre Zero....
, Val-de-Marne

Val-de-Marne

Val-de-Marne is a France departments of France, named after the Marne River, located in the ?le-de-France regions of France. The department is situated to the southeast of the city of Paris....
, and is interred with his third wife, Jeanne d'Évreux in Saint Denis Basilica

Saint Denis Basilica

The Basilica of Saint Denis is the List of cemeteries of almost all the List of French monarchs since Clovis I . Saved and restored by the architect Viollet le Duc, the basilica is located in Saint-Denis, now a northern suburb of Paris....
.

Ancestry

Family

Mariage De Charles Iv Le Bel Et De Marie De Luxembourg

* 1307 — Blanche de Bourgogne, daughter of Otto IV, Count of Burgundy

Otto IV, Count of Burgundy

Otto IV, Count of Burgundy was the son of Hugh III, Count of Burgundy and Adelaide, Countess Palatine of Burgundy. By his mother, he was a grandson of Beatrice II, Countess Palatine of Burgundy....
(1). The marriage was dissolved in 1322.

1322 — Marie de Luxembourg
Marie de Luxembourg, Queen of France

Marie de Luxembourg , Queen Consort of France and Navarre, second wife of King Charles IV of France. She was the daughter of Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor and Margaret of Brabant....
, daughter of Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor

Henry VII was the King of Germany from 1308 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1312. He was the first emperor of the House of Luxembourg. During his brief career he reinvigorated the imperial cause in Kingdom of Italy and inspired the praise of Dino Compagni and Dante Alighieri....
(2)
July 5, 1325 — Jeanne d'Évreux
Jeanne d'Evreux

Jeanne d'?vreux was the third wife of King Charles IV of France, daughter of his uncle Louis d'?vreux and Margaret of Artois. She bore no male heir, thus "causing" the end of the House of Capet of the Capetian dynasty....
(1310–71) (3)

Issue

(1) Philip (1314–22)
(1) Jeanne (1315–39)
(2) Louis (1316-1328)
(3) Jeanne (1326–27)
(3) Marie (1327–41)
(3) Blanche
Blanche of France, Duchess of Orléans

Blanche of France was the posthumous daughter of Charles IV of France by his third wife Jeanne d'?vreux. Her paternal grandparents were Philip IV of France and Joan I of Navarre, her maternal grandparents were Louis d'?vreux and Margaret of Artois....
(April 1 1328 – 1382, who married Philip of Valois, Duke of Orléans
Philip of Valois, Duke of Orléans

Philip of Valois , Duke of Orl?ans, of Duke of Touraine and Count of Valois, the fifth son of Philip VI of France of Valois, King of France, and Joan the Lame....

Sources

Weir, Alison, Isabella

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