Charles Friedel
Encyclopedia
Charles Friedel was a French
chemist
and mineralogist
. A native of Strasbourg
, France
, he was a student of Louis Pasteur
at the Sorbonne
. In 1876, he became a professor of chemistry
and mineralogy
at the Sorbonne.
Friedel developed the Friedel-Crafts alkylation
and acylation
reactions with James Crafts
in 1877, and attempted to make synthetic diamond
s.
His son Georges Friedel
(1865 – 1933) also became a renowned mineralogist.
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
chemist
Chemist
A chemist is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry. Chemists study the composition of matter and its properties such as density and acidity. Chemists carefully describe the properties they study in terms of quantities, with detail on the level of molecules and their component atoms...
and mineralogist
Mineralogy
Mineralogy is the study of chemistry, crystal structure, and physical properties of minerals. Specific studies within mineralogy include the processes of mineral origin and formation, classification of minerals, their geographical distribution, as well as their utilization.-History:Early writing...
. A native of Strasbourg
Strasbourg
Strasbourg is the capital and principal city of the Alsace region in eastern France and is the official seat of the European Parliament. Located close to the border with Germany, it is the capital of the Bas-Rhin département. The city and the region of Alsace are historically German-speaking,...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, he was a student of Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur was a French chemist and microbiologist born in Dole. He is remembered for his remarkable breakthroughs in the causes and preventions of diseases. His discoveries reduced mortality from puerperal fever, and he created the first vaccine for rabies and anthrax. His experiments...
at the Sorbonne
University of Paris
The University of Paris was a university located in Paris, France and one of the earliest to be established in Europe. It was founded in the mid 12th century, and officially recognized as a university probably between 1160 and 1250...
. In 1876, he became a professor of chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry is the science of matter, especially its chemical reactions, but also its composition, structure and properties. Chemistry is concerned with atoms and their interactions with other atoms, and particularly with the properties of chemical bonds....
and mineralogy
Mineralogy
Mineralogy is the study of chemistry, crystal structure, and physical properties of minerals. Specific studies within mineralogy include the processes of mineral origin and formation, classification of minerals, their geographical distribution, as well as their utilization.-History:Early writing...
at the Sorbonne.
Friedel developed the Friedel-Crafts alkylation
Alkylation
Alkylation is the transfer of an alkyl group from one molecule to another. The alkyl group may be transferred as an alkyl carbocation, a free radical, a carbanion or a carbene . Alkylating agents are widely used in chemistry because the alkyl group is probably the most common group encountered in...
and acylation
Acylation
In chemistry, acylation is the process of adding an acyl group to a compound. The compound providing the acyl group is called the acylating agent....
reactions with James Crafts
James Crafts
James Mason Crafts was an American chemist, best known for developing the Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation reactions with Charles Friedel in 1876.-Biography:...
in 1877, and attempted to make synthetic diamond
Synthetic diamond
Synthetic diamond is diamond produced in a technological process; as opposed to natural diamond, which is created in geological processes. Synthetic diamond is also widely known as HPHT diamond or CVD diamond, denoting the production method, High-Pressure High-Temperature synthesis and Chemical...
s.
His son Georges Friedel
Georges Friedel
Georges Friedel was a French mineralogist and crystallographer.- Life :Georges was the son of the famous chemist Charles Friedel...
(1865 – 1933) also became a renowned mineralogist.
Lineage
- Friedel's wife's father was the engineer, Charles CombesCharles CombesCharles-Pierre-Mathieu Combes was a French engineer. He was Inspector-General of Mines and the Director of the School of Mines in Paris. His name is on the Eiffel Tower.-Biography:...
. The Friedel familyFriedel familyFour French scientists with the same Friedel family name are in direct lineage, Charles, Georges, Edmond and Jacques:* Charles Friedel , French chemist known for the Friedel-Crafts reaction...
, is a rich lineage of French scientists:- Georges FriedelGeorges FriedelGeorges Friedel was a French mineralogist and crystallographer.- Life :Georges was the son of the famous chemist Charles Friedel...
(1865–1933), French crystallographer and mineralogist; son of Charles - Edmond Friedel (1895–1972), French Polytechnician and mining engineer, founder of BRGM, the French geological survey; son of Georges
- Jacques FriedelJacques FriedelJacques Friedel FMRS is a French physicist and material scientist.-Life:His great-grand father Charles Friedel was an organic chemist and crystallographer at Paris-Sorbonne University, his grand-father Georges Friedel worked on liquid crystals, and his father Edmond Friedel was the director of the...
(1921-), French physicist; son of Edmond (fr)
- Georges Friedel