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Chahar (province)
 
 
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Chahar (?????, ??? Cháhar), also known as Chaha'er, Chakhar, or Qahar, was a province of China
China

China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
 in existence from 1912 to 1936, mostly covering the territory of what is now Inner Mongolia.






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Encyclopedia


????
Chahar Province
CapitalZhangjiakou
Zhangjiakou

Zhangjiakou is a prefecture-level city in Hebei Province of North China. It has a population of 4.3 million, and covers 36,947 square kilometers....
Chahar (?????, ??? Cháhar), also known as Chaha'er, Chakhar, or Qahar, was a province of China
China

China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
 in existence from 1912 to 1936, mostly covering the territory of what is now Inner Mongolia. It was named after the Chahar Mongolians.

  • Abbreviation
    Abbreviation

    An abbreviation is a shortened form of a word or phrase. Usually, but not always, it consists of a letter or group of letters taken from the word or phrase....
    : ?
  • Capital: Zhangjiakou
    Zhangjiakou

    Zhangjiakou is a prefecture-level city in Hebei Province of North China. It has a population of 4.3 million, and covers 36,947 square kilometers....
     Subprefecture (???? Zhangjiakou Ting), also known as the Zhang Capital (?? Zhang Yuan), and referred in some older Western literature as Kalgan (??????: Mongolian
    Mongolian language

    The Mongolian language is the best-known member of the Mongolic languages. It is the language of most residents of Mongolia and of many of the Mongolian residents of Inner Mongolia, totalling about 5.7 million speakers....
     for gate). (Now Zhangjiakou City, Hebei
    Hebei

    For the people of Hebei, see Hebei people is a North China province of China of the People's Republic of China. Its one-Chinese character abbreviation is "" , named after Ji Province , a Han Dynasty province that included southern Hebei....
    )
  • Chairman: Zhang Zizhong


Administration and history

Chahar is a tribal group of the Mongols
Mongols

The name Mongol specifies one or several ethnic groups, now mainly located in Mongolia, China, and Russia....
.

In the Qing Empire, Chahar was not a province, but a Special Region called Zhangyuan, although Yao Xiguang proposed making Chahar a province in his "A Humble Suggestion on Planning of Mongolia" («????» Chóu Meng Chú Yì).

In 1913, the second year of the Republic of China
Republic of China

The Republic of China , also known as Nationalist China is a country in East Asia that has evolved from a single-party state with full global recognition into a multi-party democratic state with Political status of Taiwan....
, Chahar Special Administrative Region
Special administrative region

A special administrative region, or SAR may be:People's Republic of China* Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, self-governing subnational entity in Hong Kong and Macau ...
 was created as a subdivision of Zhili Province, containing 6 Banners and 11 counties:

  • Zhangbèi
  • Duolún
  • Guyuán
  • Shangdu
  • Baochang
  • Kangbao
  • Xinghé
  • Táolín
  • Jíníng
  • Fengzhèn
  • Liángchéng


In 1928, it became a province. The last five counties on the above list (starting from Xinghe) were partitioned to Suiyuan
Suiyuan

Su?yuan was a historical province of China. Suiyuan's Capital was Guisui . The abbreviation was ? . The area Suiyuan covered is approximated today by the prefecture-level cities of Hohhot, Baotou, Wuhai, Ordos City, Bayan Nur, and parts of Ulaan Chab, all part of Inner Mongolia....
. And 10 counties were included from Xuanhua Subprefecture
Subprefecture

Subprefecture is an administrative division of a country that is below prefecture or province....
, Koubei Circuit, Hebei Province:
  • Xuanhuà
  • Chìchéng
  • Wànquán
  • Huáilái
  • Wèi
  • Yángyuán
  • Lóngguan
  • Yánqìng
  • Huái'an
  • Zhuolù


All banners belong to the Shilingol Alliance (?????? ??? ??????, ?????).

From 1937 to 1945, it was occupied by Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
 and made a part of Mengjiang
Mengjiang

Mengjiang , also known in English language as Mongol Border Land, was an autonomous area in Inner Mongolia, operating under nominal Republic of China and Empire of Japan control....
, a Japanese-controlled region led by Prince Demchugdongrub
Demchugdongrub

Prince Demchugdongrub was the leader of a Mongol independence movement in Inner Mongolia. He assumed the Mongolian chairman of Mengjiang, a Japanese puppet state in World War II....
 the Shilingol Alliance. The Chahar People's Anti-Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
ese Army Alliance (??????????) was established in Kalgan in May 26, 1933 by Feng Yuxiang and Ji Hongchang.

In 1952, six years after becoming communist, the province was abolished and divided into parts of Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia

Inner Mongolia is the Mongols autonomous region of China of the People's Republic of China, located in the country's north.Inner Mongolia borders, from east to west, the provinces of Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, and Gansu, while to the north it borders Mongolia and Russia....
, Beijing Municipality, and Hebei
Hebei

For the people of Hebei, see Hebei people is a North China province of China of the People's Republic of China. Its one-Chinese character abbreviation is "" , named after Ji Province , a Han Dynasty province that included southern Hebei....
.

Geography


  • Area
    Area

    Area is a quantity expressing the two-dimensional size of a defined part of a surface, typically a region bounded by a closed curve. The term surface area refers to the total area of the exposed surface of a 3-dimensional solid, such as the sum of the areas of the exposed sides of a polyhedron....
    : 278.957 km²


  • North: Mongolia
    Mongolia

    Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia and Central Asia. It borders Russia to the north and People's Republic of China to the south, east and west....
  • East: Rehe
    Rehe

    Rehe , also known as Jehol, is a defunct China provinces of China ....
    , Liaobei
    Liaobei

    Liaobei also known as Liaopeh was a province in Manchuria, in what is now the People's Republic of China. It mostly covers the territory of what is now Inner Mongolia....
    , Xing'an
    Xing'an

    Hsingan or Xing'an sheng ; Simplified Chinese: refers to a former province, which once occupied western Heilongjiang and part of northwest Liaoning provinces of China....


In the middle of North Chahar, there stretches a desert
Désert

?D?sert? is ?milie Simon's debut single, released in October 2002. The song was a huge success both critically and commercially in her homeland....
 into Mongolia.

Subdivision


Divided by the Great Wall
Great Wall of China

The Great Wall of China or is a series of stone and earthen fortifications in China, built, rebuilt, and maintained between the 5th century BC and the 16th century to protect the northern borders of the History of China from Xiongnu attacks during the rule of Dynasties in Chinese history....
, Chahar has two parts:

  • South Chahar
  • North Chahar