Chadstone Shopping Centre

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2011}} {{Use Australian English|date=November 2011}} {{infobox shopping mall |shopping_mall_name = Chadstone Shopping Centre |image = Chadstone logo with slogan.svg |caption = |location = [[Malvern East, Victoria]], [[Australia]] |coordinates = {{Coord|37|53|9|S|145|4|57|E |type:landmark_region:AU-VIC |display=inline,title}} |opening_date = 3 October 1960 |developer = Colonial First State Property Management |number_of_stores = 530 |number_of_anchors = 14 |floor_area = {{convert|190000|m2|sqft|abbr=on}} |manager = Colonial First State Property Management |owner=[[John Gandel|Gandel Group]] (50%)
CFS Retail Property Trust (50%) |parking = 9,500 |floors = 2
3 in Myer and David Jones |website = [http://www.chadstoneshopping.com.au/ chadstoneshopping.com.au] }} '''Chadstone Shopping Centre''' (also known colloquially as '''Chaddy''') is a super regional [[shopping centre]] located in the inner south-eastern suburb of [[Malvern East, Victoria|Malvern East]] in the city of [[Melbourne]], [[Australia]]. The centre is the oldest in Victoria, opening on 3 October 1960, and the largest in Australia with approximately 530 stores and over 9500 free car parking spaces – and is currently claimed to be the largest in the [[southern hemisphere]]. The centre boasts major anchor stores such as the [[Myer]] and [[David Jones Limited|David Jones]] department stores, [[Coles Supermarkets|Coles]], [[Woolworths (supermarket)|Woolworths]] and [[Aldi]] supermarkets, and [[Kmart Australia|Kmart]] and [[Target Australia|Target]] discount department stores as well as a [[Hoyts]] cinema multiplex, an [[AMF Bowling Center|AMF]] bowling alley, an [[Apple Store]], [[Dick Smith Electronics|Dick Smith]] and [[JB Hi-Fi]] electronics stores and over 500 specialty stores, of which the majority are fashion related over other categories, with numerous high-end labels being tenants of the centre. There are also two office towers located at the southern side of the centre as well as two [[food court]]s. ===Origins=== [[File:Chadstone Shopping Centre Land 1945.png|thumb|An aerial photograph of the area in which Chadstone Shopping Centre now stands, in 1945, with the current centre perimeter shown in red.]] Opened in October 1960 at a cost of [[Australian pound|£]]6 million, (The Post Office on 3 October 1960) Chadstone Shopping Centre was the first self-contained regional shopping centre in Melbourne, and the largest built in Australia to that time. The centre was built and owned by the [[Myer|Myer Emporium]], and marked the transformation of shopping in Australia from the traditional central city and strip-shopping precincts to the now familiar mall-type shopping centre. The site of the current shopping centre was once extensive paddocks of the [[Convent of the Good Shepherd]] on which cattle grazed until the mid 1950s. The initial 30 acres of land was sold to Myer in March 1958. The development of Chadstone was driven by [[Ken Myer]], who in 1949 looked to the USA for the lead in retail developments, with decentralised centres fuelled by expanding suburban growth and car reliance. Further development of the concept occurred after Myer's 1953 visit to the USA, where he met with a number of architects involved with the design of shopping malls, and in 1954 Myer secured 86 acres of land in [[Burwood, Victoria|Burwood]] for a shopping centre, but was ultimately not used for the project. In 1958 the American firm of [[Welton Becket|Welton Becket and Associates]] were appointed as the design architects, with Tompkins and Shaw Architects as the production architects. During the project the senior board of Myer was unhappy with the process, concerned that the architects did not understand the "Australian Concept", and were blindly adopting the American shopping mall model. In 1960 the Myer board wrote: :''"Although based in a broad way on the pattern of shopping centres in the United States, Chadstone has been individually designed to suit local needs and its own location."'' The original shopping centre consisted of a single open-air mall with Myer at the southern end and a [[Dickins]] supermarket at the northern end; following the US pattern of shopping malls. ===Early years=== The first major change was made to the centre in 1967: the mall was roofed over with translucent fibreglass, an acknowledgement that the open mall did not suit the Melbourne climate. During the same period a bowling alley and auditorium were opened, and the Dickens store was altered to be more easily accessed from the mall. In the early 1980s, the Myer Emporium sold the shopping centre to the [[Gandel Group]], which has since managed and developed the complex. In 1984 the centre had its first expansion: in 1985 Coles New World was relocated and a Target Discount Department Store was opened, and in 1986 a Hoyts 8 Cinema Complex was opened. A major extension doubled the lettable area in the late 1980s, and during the same era the Convent of the Good Shepherd was finally demolished to extend the carpark of the complex. ===Redevelopment=== [[File:Chadstone Shopping Center 2.JPG|thumb|Exterior view of [[David Jones Limited|David Jones]] from the South-West side.]] Throughout the 1990s, Chadstone has undergone numerous developments. These include the development of multi-storey carparks due to the boundaries of the centre being built-up with no further room to expand. Approximately 20% of the original mall structure is left intact with this number to be reduced due to the construction of the West End Mall. By 1999 Chadstone's lettable area covered 126,000 square metres, after the extension of the Myer and David Jones stores. Part of stages 20 and 21, this expansion cost $150 million and took two and a half years to complete. Local construction company [[Probuild]] has been responsible for every major stage of expansion and redevelopment at Chadstone Shopping Centre, commencing at stage 5 in 1989, with stage 33 (West End Mall) having been completed in 2009. Chadstone has remained Australia's largest shopping centre thanks to regular development, Knox City Shopping Centre having held the "Australia's largest" title from November 2002 until 2007 after the completion of their own expansion works. Chadstone's main local rivals are [[Westfield Doncaster]] to the north, [[Knox City Shopping Centre]] to the east and [[Westfield Southland]] to the south. Since late December 2007 a [[Australian dollar|A$]]100 million upgrade saw the centre's owners extend Chadstone's lettable area to 190,000 m², with the centre reclaiming the title as the largest shopping centre in Australia. The new extension, dubbed 'Chadstone Place', featured a [[Woolworths (supermarket)|Woolworths]] Supermarket, First Choice Liquor, Aldi and a [[Dick Smith Electronics]] Concept Store along with an airport-style waiting area [[bus interchange]], two new health clubs (Contours and [[Fitness First]] Platinum) and a [[Day care|crèche]]. On 29 October 2007 the first section of the redevelopment was open. Named "The Loop Mall" it featured 44 new stores including a redesigned Jetty Surf and new entrances opposite [[Kmart]] and [[Toys 'R' Us]]. The last major redevelopment, commencing in early 2007, impacted almost one quarter of the centre, (the oldest section of the centre, from Sportsgirl to Mrs. Field's/Borders, being closed), from 31 May 2008, until Nov 2009. The development also included redesigning the roads leading into Chadstone to allow for better traffic flow into the centre. As part of the development an independent community group launched and maintained a website to keep track of construction developments. The [[Government of Victoria (Australia)|State Government]] refused to impose a condition sought by the Stonnington Council calling for a transport study by the Government and Gandel, including the possible construction of a rail link. On 22 August 2009, 50 new stores, including [[Sportsgirl]], [[Just Group|Portmans]], Esprit, Witchery, were opened. In November, a golden strip of luxury retailers were officially opened. 12 international fashion houses now have stores at Chadstone including [[Louis Vuitton]], [[Gucci]], [[Prada]], [[Chanel]], [[Miu Miu]], [[Tiffany & Co.]], [[Ralph Lauren]], [[Hugo Boss]], [[Omega]], [[Burberry]], [[Coach, Inc.|Coach]] and [[Jimmy Choo]]. Upon completion there are now a total of 530 stores and 9,500 car spaces, more than any other shopping centre in Australia. On 20 August 2011, managing director of [[Colonial First State Global Asset Management]], Darren Steinberg, announced that Chadstone will be expanding its floor area from 190,000 m² to 215,000 m², as the centre undergoes a new redevelopment focussed on the older part of Chadstone, the north-side of the centre. Up to 60,000 m² of floor area will be revamped and an extra 25,000 m² added to the centre, that is to comprise of more international [[Designer label|designer boutique stores]] and have the relocation of some existing stores. The project is to cost [[Australian dollar|A$]]520 million, and a completion date is set for late 2013. ==Revenue and profit== Chadstone Shopping Centre was the first [[shopping centre]] in [[Australia]] to have its total worth valued at over [[Australian Dollar|A$]]1 billion. Chadstone Shopping Centre's net income was $970 million in 2004. Its annual profit in (2004) was [[Australian Dollar|A$]]79.03 million, with its entirety of stores gaining an income of [[Australian Dollar|A$]]119.23 million. In 2004, Chadstone Shopping Centre had an Annual Traffic Movement of 16.7 million moving through the centre. In 2007, the annual turnover was A$1 billion, making it the shopping centre in Australia with the highest annual turnover and the first to have an annual turnover of A$1 billion. In 2010, Chadstone had a 20% increase in the moving annual turnover (MAT), making [[Australian Dollar|A$]]1.28 billion in sales that year. ==Transport== [[File:Chadstone Place Entrance.jpg|thumb|The 'Chadstone Corner' entrance, one of the main entrances flanked by bus stops.]] Although the centre was created in the era of the motor vehicle, this fact is now severely limiting the growth of the complex. It is surrounded by over 9500 car parking spaces on three parking levels, and yet it is still notoriously difficult to park there at times. The current upgrade will increase the number of parking spaces even further. There are concerns from the [[City of Stonnington]] and [[City of Monash]] Councils and local residents about the motor vehicle congestion around it as well as competition from local street shopping strips. The nearest trains are at the [[Hughesdale railway station|Hughesdale]] and [[Oakleigh railway station|Oakleigh]] stations on the [[Cranbourne railway line|Cranbourne]]/[[Pakenham railway line|Pakenham]] lines. Hughesdale is roughly a 10-minute walk from the shopping centre. On the [[Glen Waverley railway line|Glen Waverley line]] is [[Holmesglen railway station|Holmesglen station]], which is over a kilometre away down the busy [[Warrigal Road]]. The [[Public Transport Users Association]] is running an ongoing [http://www.ptua.org.au/2010/07/14/chadstone-woes/ campaign] for improved public transport in and around the centre. It says that buses are slow, often travelling less than 10 km/h in the area and often overcrowded. There are also many bus routes that use the shopping centre as an interchange, notably the newly introduced route 903 [[SmartBus]]. ==Tenants== [[File:Chadstone Dec2006.JPG|thumb|Interior view on the ground level looking west towards [[Myer]].]] There are 530 stores & luxury boutiques, including Major tenants [[Myer]], [[David Jones Limited|David Jones]], [[Kmart]], [[Target (Australia)|Target]], [[Coles Supermarkets|Coles]], [[Best & Less]] an [[AMF Bowling Center|AMF Bowling Centre]], and a [[Hoyts]] Cinema Complex featuring 16 theatres (of which 7 are Cinemaxx with stadium seating and 5 include the higher-priced La Premiere seating). The many clothing & luxury stores range from globally renowned names like [[Louis Vuitton]], [[Chanel]], [[Tiffany & Co]], [[Giorgio Armani S.p.A.|Armani Exchange]], [[Ralph Lauren]], [[Calvin Klein]], [[PANDORA (jewelry)|Pandora]], [[Guess (clothing)|Guess]], [[Levi's]], [[Nike, Inc.|Nike]], [[Calvin Klein|Calvin Klein Jeans]] and [[Speedo]], right down to lesser known labels like [[SABA (clothing)|SABA]]. '''Major stores include:''' *[[Myer]] 1960 - relocated in November 1998 to make way for centre expansion (22,500m²) - 3 Floors *[[David Jones Limited|David Jones]] November 1999 - (15,150m²) - 3 Floors *[[Kmart (Australia)|Kmart]] Early 1995 - (7,200m²) *[[Target (Australia)|Target]] 1985 - (9,000m²) *[[Coles Supermarkets|Coles]] 1982 *[[Woolworths (supermarket)|Woolworths]] 29 October 2008 *[[Aldi]] 29 October 2008 *[[JB Hi-Fi]] *[[Dick Smith Electronics]] *[[Apple Store]] 13 September 2008 *[[Best & Less]] 29 October 2008 *[[Sportsgirl]] 2009 - 'super flagship' (750m²) *[[Gap (clothing retailer)|Gap]] August 2010 - 2 storey flagship (740m²) *[[Esprit Holdings|Esprit]] 2009 - 2 storey flagship '''Fitness & Leisure:''' *[[Fitness First]] Platinum - 2008 '''Entertainment:''' *[[Hoyts]] 16-screen cinema December - 1999 *[[AMF Bowling Center|AMF Bowling Centre]] - 24 lanes [http://www.amfbowling.com.au/centres/VIC/Chadstone.aspx] '''Luxury Stores:''' * All stores opened in December 2009. *[[Chanel]] *[[Louis Vuitton]] *[[Prada]] *[[Tiffany & Co]] *[[Gucci]] *[[Burberry]] *[[Jimmy Choo]] *[[Coach, Inc.|Coach]] *[[Ralph Lauren]] *[[Omega]] *[[Hugo Boss]] *[[Miu Miu]] '''Designer Boutique stores:''' * 50 Australian and International designer boutique stores. '''Past Major stores:''' *[[Buckley & Nunn]] Department Store 1960, later closed. *[[Dickins]] Supermarket 1960 - 1982 *McEwan's Hardware Store 1985 - September 1997 *[[BI-LO (Australia)|BI-LO]] (renamed to Coles in December 2006) May 1990 - November 2007 *[[Borders (Asia Pacific)|Borders]] 3 storey flagship. It closed, recently, in mid 2011 and was replaced, on two floors, by Rivers Australia - Clothing & Footwear Merchants. ==External links== *[http://www.chadstoneshopping.com.au/home/ Chadstone Shopping Centre official website] *[http://chadstonedevelopment.com Chadstone Development Discussions - Middle Road Redevelopment: Unofficial News & Photos] {{Shopping centres in Victoria}}