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Chadic languages
 
 
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The Chadic languages constitute a language family spoken across northern Nigeria
Nigeria

Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federation constitutional republic comprising States of Nigeria and one Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria....
, Niger
Niger

Niger , officially the Republic of Niger, is a landlocked country in Western Africa, named after the Niger River. It borders Nigeria and Benin to the south, Burkina Faso and Mali to the west, Algeria and Libya to the north and Chad to the east....
, Chad
Chad

Chad , officially known as the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country in central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west....
, Central African Republic
Central African Republic

The Central African Republic , is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It borders Chad in the north, Sudan in the east, the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the south, and Cameroon in the west....
 and Cameroon
Cameroon

The Republic of Cameroon is a unitary state of central and western Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south....
, belonging to the Afro-Asiatic phylum
Afro-Asiatic languages

The Afro-Asiatic languages constitute a language family with about 375 living languages and more than 300 million speakers spread throughout North Africa, the Horn of Africa, and Southwest Asia ....
. The most widely spoken Chadic language is Hausa
Hausa language

Hausa is the Chadic languages with the largest number of speakers, spoken as a first language by about 24 million people, and as a second language by about 15 million more....
, the lingua franca
Lingua franca

A lingua franca is a language systematically used to communicate between persons not sharing a mother tongue, in particular when it is a third language, distinct from both persons' mother tongues....
 of much of West Africa
Africa

Africa is the world's second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km? including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area....
. They are divided into four subgroups (according to P. Newman 1977):









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The Chadic languages constitute a language family spoken across northern Nigeria
Nigeria

Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federation constitutional republic comprising States of Nigeria and one Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria....
, Niger
Niger

Niger , officially the Republic of Niger, is a landlocked country in Western Africa, named after the Niger River. It borders Nigeria and Benin to the south, Burkina Faso and Mali to the west, Algeria and Libya to the north and Chad to the east....
, Chad
Chad

Chad , officially known as the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country in central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west....
, Central African Republic
Central African Republic

The Central African Republic , is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It borders Chad in the north, Sudan in the east, the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the south, and Cameroon in the west....
 and Cameroon
Cameroon

The Republic of Cameroon is a unitary state of central and western Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south....
, belonging to the Afro-Asiatic phylum
Afro-Asiatic languages

The Afro-Asiatic languages constitute a language family with about 375 living languages and more than 300 million speakers spread throughout North Africa, the Horn of Africa, and Southwest Asia ....
. The most widely spoken Chadic language is Hausa
Hausa language

Hausa is the Chadic languages with the largest number of speakers, spoken as a first language by about 24 million people, and as a second language by about 15 million more....
, the lingua franca
Lingua franca

A lingua franca is a language systematically used to communicate between persons not sharing a mother tongue, in particular when it is a third language, distinct from both persons' mother tongues....
 of much of West Africa
Africa

Africa is the world's second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km? including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area....
. They are divided into four subgroups (according to P. Newman 1977):

  • West Chadic languages
    West Chadic languages

    The West Chadic languages belong to the Afro-Asiatic languages family and are spoken in Nigeria. Notes References ...
    • A)
      • Hausa
        Hausa

        Hausa may refer to:*the Hausa language*the Hausa people...
      • Ron
        RON

        RON may refer to any of the following:* None of the above#Re-open Nominations .28RON.29, in elections* The name of King Arthur's spear with which he kills Mordred at the Battle of Camlann...
      • Bole
        Bole

        Bole may refer to:* A hearth where lead was smelted on a Bole hill;* Bole District, Ghana;* Bole, Ghana, town;* Bole, Nottinghamshire, England;...
      • Angas
    • B)
      • Bade
        Bade

        Bade may refer to:*Alexander Bade, German footballer*Bade language, spoken in Nigeria*Bade City, a city in Taiwan*Bade, Indonesia, a place in Indonesia...
      • Warji
      • Zaar
  • Biu-Mandara languages
    Biu-Mandara languages

    The Biu-Mandara languages belong to the Afro-Asiatic languages family and are spoken in Nigeria, Chad and Cameroon. ...
    • A)
      • Tera
        Tera

        tera- is a SI prefix in the SI system of units denoting 1012, or 1,000,000,000,000 .Confirmed in 1960, it comes from the Greek language wikt:t??a?, meaning monster....
      • Bura
        Bura

        Bura may refer to several different things:* In biology, Bura is a genus of beetles* Boura was an ancient city of Achaea, Greece* Bura, Tana River District, Kenya...
      • Higi
      • Mandara
        Mandara

        Mandara could refer to:* Mandara or Mandala, Hindu and Buddhist religious objects.* Mandara kingdom of Cameroon* Mandara Mountains of Cameroon...
      • Matakam
      • Sukur
        Sukur

        Sukur or Sukur Cultural Landscape is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in the Northeastern part of Nigeria. It was designated one in 1999 because of its palace, terraced fields, and village, which remain intact....
      • Daba
        Daba

        Daba refers to:*Daba is A village in China Tibet.*The Mosuo people have their own native script, called Daba script.*The Mosuo also have their own native religion, called Daba ....
      • Bata
        Bata

        Bata may refer to:In places:* Bata, Afghanistan, a List of places in Afghanistan* Bata, Burgas Province, a place in Burgas Province, Bulgaria...
    • B)
      • Kotoko
        KOTOKO

        is a female J-pop singer who has released five albums , twelve maxi singles and two DVD that are scheduled for a US Domestic release. She also composes and writes lyrics for numerous other song collections....
      • Musgu
      • Gidar
  • East Chadic languages
    East Chadic languages

    The East Chadic languages include 34 languages and dialects spoken in Chad. This language group is a part of the Chadic languages language family....
    • A)
      • Somrai
      • Nancere
      • Kera
        Kera

        Kera or KERA may refer to:* Kera language, a language spoken in Southwest Chad and North Cameroon* kera, a word for monkey in the Malay language...
    • B)
      • Dangla
      • Mokulu
      • Sokoro
        Sokoro

        Sokoro is a town and Communes of C?te d'Ivoire in C?te d'Ivoire....
      • Mandara
        Mandara

        Mandara could refer to:* Mandara or Mandala, Hindu and Buddhist religious objects.* Mandara kingdom of Cameroon* Mandara Mountains of Cameroon...
  • Masa languages
    Masa languages

    Masa languages:*Herd? language *P?v? language*Massa language *Mesme language*Marba language*Musey language*Ngete language*Zumaya language...
    • Masa
      Masa

      File:Nixtamal.jpgMasa is Spanish language for dough, but in Mexico it sometimes refers to cornmeal dough . It is used for making tortillas, tamales, pupusas, arepas and many other Latin American cuisine....

See also

List of Chadic languages
List of Chadic languages

There are over 195 Chadic languages and dialects according to the Ethnologue....


Bibliography

  • Lukas, Johannes (1936) 'The linguistic situation in the Lake Chad area in Central Africa.' Africa, 9, 332–349.
  • Newman, Paul (1977) 'Chadic classification and reconstructions.' Afroasiatic Linguistics 5, 1, 1–42.
  • Newman, Paul (1978) 'Chado-Hamitic 'adieu': new thoughts on Chadic language classification', in Fronzaroli, Pelio (ed.), Atti del Secondo Congresso Internazionale di Linguistica Camito-Semitica. Florence: Instituto de Linguistica e di Lingue Orientali, Università di Firenze, 389–397.
  • Newman, Paul (1980) The Classification of Chadic within Afroasiatic. Leiden: Universitaire Pers Leiden.
  • Newman, Paul and Ma, Roxana (1966) 'Comparative Chadic: phonology and lexicon.' Journal of African Languages, 5, 218–251.
  • Schuh, Russell (2003) 'Chadic overview', in M. Lionel Bender, Gabor Takacs, and David L. Appleyard (eds.), Selected Comparative-Historical Afrasian Linguistic Studies in Memory of Igor M. Diakonoff, LINCOM Europa, 55–60.


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