Cathay Organisation
Encyclopedia
Cathay Organisation Holdings Limited is one of Singapore's
Singapore
Singapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the...

 leading leisure and entertainment groups. It has the first THX
THX
THX is a trade name of a high-fidelity audio/visual reproduction standard for movie theaters, screening rooms, home theaters, computer speakers, gaming consoles, and car audio systems. The current THX was created in 2001 when it spun off from Lucasfilm Ltd...

 cinema
Movie theater
A movie theater, cinema, movie house, picture theater, film theater is a venue, usually a building, for viewing motion pictures ....

 hall and digital cinema in Singapore. The group has operations in Singapore and Malaysia.

The early years

Cathay Organisation was established on 18 July 1935 by Dato Loke Wan Tho
Loke Wan Tho
Loke Wan Tho born in Kuala Lumpur , was a cinema magnate, ornithologist, and photographer. He was the founder of Cathay Organisation in Singapore and Malaysia, and Motion Picture and General Investments Limited in Hong Kong....

 and his mother, Mrs Loke Cheng Kim as Associated Theatres Ltd. In 1936, the company opened its first cinema in Kuala Lumpur
Kuala Lumpur
Kuala Lumpur is the capital and the second largest city in Malaysia by population. The city proper, making up an area of , has a population of 1.4 million as of 2010. Greater Kuala Lumpur, also known as the Klang Valley, is an urban agglomeration of 7.2 million...

, Malaysia, the Pavilion, with 1200 seats. The year 1939 saw the landmark Cathay Building
Cathay Building
The Cathay Building was opened in 1939 by Dato Loke Wan Tho as the headquarters for the British Malaya Broadcasting Corporation...

 open in Singapore with the Cathay Cinema premiering Sir Alexander Korda's Four Feathers.

Cathay was the country's first air-conditioned cinema i.e. Cathay Cinema and the first skyscraper, the tallest in Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, South-East Asia, South East Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia. The region lies on the intersection of geological plates, with heavy seismic...

 during that time. It was the first time patrons could watch movies air-conditioned and sitting in a comfortable armchair. It was also used as a landmark by pilots as a final approach before landing. Three years later, it showed its last show and was converted into a Red Cross casualty station. After the end of war in 1945, Cathay reopened and it was Singapore's first cinema to show American
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

 and British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

 pictures as its first screening after closure. It signed a joint venture with another company to distribute mobile films to villages and estates in Malaysia. The group installed a new air-conditioning plant in 1948 and they started to acquire many cinemas in Singapore and Malaysia.

Studio operations

In 1953, Cathay-Keris Films was formed. The studio, situated in out in East Coast Road, produced its own films in the Malay
Malay language
Malay is a major language of the Austronesian family. It is the official language of Malaysia , Indonesia , Brunei and Singapore...

. These were former barracks occupied by the Japanese and were converted into processing labs, sound studios, offices and even a canteen. That year, Cathay-Keris produced Singapore's first colour film, Buloh Perindu. More than 100 films were made at Cathay Keris’s studios between 1953 to 1973 including five Pontianak movies; Pontianak (1957), Dendam Pontianak (1957), Sumpah Pontianak (1958), Pontianak Kembali (1963) & Pontianak Gua Musang (1964). Sadly the first two classic Pontianak films are long lost.

Dato Loke Wan Tho acquired Yung Hwa Studio in Hong Kong
Hong Kong
Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...

 in 1955. In 1956, Motion Picture & General Investment Co Ltd (MP & GI) was formed. It took over the running of Yung Hwa Studios in Hong Kong. MP & GI was later renamed Cathay Organisation (HK). Some of MP & GI's most popular stars were Ge Lan also known as Grace Chang, You Min, Lin Dai, Peter Chen Ho, Chang Yang, Loh Ti, Lin Tsui and many more.

In the 50s and 60s, under Dato Loke Wan Tho, Cathay Organisation produced many award-winning and popular shows from both its Hong Kong and Singapore studios. Today, the Cathay Classic Film Library has more than 300 Mandarin, Cantonese and Malay titles.

Growth of the cinema empire

Associated Theatres Ltd. was renamed Cathay Organisation Pte Ltd in 1959. In 1964, Dato Loke Wan Tho died in a plane crash in Taiwan
Republic of China
The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...

. His brother-in-law Choo Kok Leong took over the chairmanship of the company.

In 1965, Cathay Organisation established Singapore’s first public bowling centre, Jackie’s Bowl. Cathay Organisation, then a major shareholder of Jackie’s Bowl, diversified into the bowling arena by acquiring the remaining shares in Jackie’s Bowl and operating it under the name of Orchard Bowl. The company was subsequently renamed Cathay Bowl Pte Ltd in 1995.

Cathay’s Jurong Drive-In cinema opened on 14 July 1971 and was, at that time, the first of its kind in Singapore and Malaysia, and the largest in Asia. The 5.6 hectare site was equipped with 899 speaker stands, 300 seats at the gallery for walk-in customers and the screen was elevated 25 feet from the ground. Cathay distributed Golden Harvest films and when Jurong Drive-In screened Bruce Lee’s Big Boss
The Big Boss
The Big Boss, previously known by its U.S. title Fists Of Fury is a 1971 Hong Kong martial arts action crime thriller film. The Big Boss was Bruce Lee's first major film. It was written to star James Tien; however, Lee's strong performance relegated Tien, already a star in Hong Kong, to second...

, the line-up of cars was so long that many got out and walked. The show was scheduled for midnight but didn’t start screening until 1am.

By the 70s, Cathay’s cinema empire expanded to 75 cinemas in Singapore and Malaysia. It was also a reputable film distributor, with networks spanning Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Hong Kong and Taiwan, and as far as Europe and Latin America.

Recession

Responding to the changing economic environment of the 1980s, Cathay Organisation rationalised its cinema business, selling out their cinema operations in Malaysia. In Singapore, Cathay closed the only drive-in cinema in Jurong and chose to move with the trends and operated only cineplexes. It converted its stand-alone cinemas into multi-screenswhere.

Revival of Cathay

In 1990, Cathay opened The Picturehouse, Singapore's first arthouse
Art film
An art film is the result of filmmaking which is typically a serious, independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience...

 cinema and the following year, Cathay Cinema was converted into a 3 screen cineplex. The 1990s saw Cathay Bowl opening bowling alleys in major parts of the island. Cathay Properties was incorporated, providing property management and maintenance services for facilities operated by Cathay itself, as well as commercial and residential properties held by its affiliated companies in 1994. Orchard Cinema closed its doors in 1995 for redevelopment. In 1997, Cathay Cineleisure Orchard opened at the former Cathay Cinema site with the 6-screen Cathay Cineplex. That same year, Cathay opened its 6-screen cineplex, Mega Pavilion Cinema in Kompleks Bukit Jambul in Penang
Penang
Penang is a state in Malaysia and the name of its constituent island, located on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia by the Strait of Malacca. It is bordered by Kedah in the north and east, and Perak in the south. Penang is the second smallest Malaysian state in area after Perlis, and the...

, Malaysia. A year later, Mega Pavilion Cinema opened at Megamal Pinang, Penang.

Cathay opened a 34 lane bowling alley in Endah Parade, Kuala Lumpur in 1998.

The Orchard Cineplex (Hall 3 & 6) and The Picturehouse were named "The Best Screens" in a survey conducted by The Straits Times
The Straits Times
The Straits Times is an English language daily broadsheet newspaper based in Singapore currently owned by Singapore Press Holdings . It is the country's highest-selling paper, with a current daily circulation of nearly 400,000...

in 1998. In a "Nominate your favourite cinema" contest conducted by Adpost, Cathay Cineplex Orchard was voted the runaway favourite. Mega Pavilion in Kompleks Bukit Jambul was voted the Second best cinema in Malaysia by listeners on a Malaysian radio channel.

In 1999, Cathay Organisation Holdings Ltd became a public-listed company on the SESDAQ with five wholly owned subsidiaries; Cathay Cineplexes Pte Ltd (cineplex operations), Cathay Bowl Pte Ltd (bowling centre operations), Cathay-Keris Films Pte Ltd (film acquisition & distribution), Cathay Cineleisure International Pte Ltd (entertainment centre management) and Cathay Properties Pte Ltd (property management services). The company also launched a new corporate identity.

Cathay Bowl became Singapore's first bowling centre operator to be awarded ISO 9002 certification by the Productivity and Standards Board (PSB). Cathay took a 19% stake in ACEL International Holdings Ltd, which offered educational enrichment programmes and it was renamed Cathay ACEL Pte Ltd.

In 1999, Singapore's first bowling alley to offer cosmic bowling was opened by Cathay Bowl; the 24-lane Cathay Bowl at SAFRA Tampines.

That same year, Cathay Cineplex Causeway Point opened marking Cathay Cineplexes' first foray into the suburban districts.

New millennium

Entering the new millennium, Cathay opened its five-screen Mega Pavilion Cinema at City Square in Johor Bahru, Malaysia in 2000.

Over in Singapore, Cathay received license from the Singapore Broadcasting Authority
Media Development Authority
The Media Development Authority is a statutory board of the Singapore Government, under the Ministry of Information, Communications and the Arts .-History:...

 to operate video-on demand service in Singapore from June 2001. The company also launched its automated phone booking system for movie tickets while Cathay Cineplex Cineleisure Orchard underwent a facelift. Cathay Cineplexes became the first cineplex operator in Singapore to achieve ISO 9002 certification. That same year, the Cathay Building on Handy Road closed for re-development.

The following year, Cathay Cineplexes launched it e-Ticketing facility on its website for customers to purchase movie tickets online. Cathay Bowl opened 24 lanes at SAFRA Yishun and 22 lanes at Cathay Cineleisure Orchard. Cathay Bowl became, at that time, Singapore's largest bowling centre operations with 8 bowling centres and a total of 178 lanes. To promote the sport, the Cathay Bowling Academy was established with structured training programmes by qualified bowling coaches.

Also in 2001, Cathay opened two Mega Pavilion Cinemas in Penang; a four-screen cineplex at Prangin Mall and 5-screen cineplex at Island Plaza.
In 2002, Cathay Bowl opened 24 lanes at THE CHEVRONS club while Cathay Cineplexes introduced its drive-thru ticketing kiosk at Cathay Cineleisure Orchard, a self-service automated ticketing kiosk at Cathay Cineplex Orchard lobby and also introduced SMS
SMS
SMS is a form of text messaging communication on phones and mobile phones. The terms SMS or sms may also refer to:- Computer hardware :...

 ticketing.

The following year, the historical Chinatown
Chinatown, Singapore
Singapore's Chinatown is an ethnic neighbourhood featuring distinctly Chinese cultural elements and a historically concentrated ethnic Chinese population. Chinatown is located within the larger district of Outram....

 Majestic Theatre was converted into a shopping centre. Cathay opened The Majestic in February.

Mega Pavilion Cineplex at Bukit Jambul in Malaysia went through a facelift. At the same time, in Singapore, EZ-Link
EZ-Link
The EZ-Link card is a contactless smart card based on the Sony FeliCa smartcard technology and used for the payment of public transportation fares in Singapore, with limited use in the small payments retail sector...

 payment was introduced at Cathay Cineplex Orchard and Cathay Bowl providing an alternative payment for customers.

That same year, Cathay Cineplex launched Singapore’s 1st Digital Cinema. Cathay Cineplexes became the first to introduce commercial films in digital format in Singapore. It also opened three more halls at Orchard and became the first cineplex to introduce 24-hour movie screening in Singapore.

Hangout Hotels was incorporated in this same year and opened its first "no frills, just fun" concept hotel; hangout @ mt emily.

Cathay ACEL was renamed Cathay Ed-Ventures Pte Ltd in 2004 and shareholding was increased to 95% stake. Cathay Ad-House Pte Ltd was formed to provide advertising and marketing to the group's business units.

More new initiatives were introduced by Cathay Cineplexes. A 24-hour movie express automated ticketing kiosk was opened at Orchard MRT Station
Orchard MRT Station
Orchard MRT Station is located on the North South Line of the Mass Rapid Transit and is located along Orchard Road, Singapore. Some of its platform livery is maroon in colour, but most of that are black with marbles....

 and dispenses movie tickets at time of purchase. Cathay Cineplexes also introduced the first PDA ticketing system in November 2004 for its cineplexes in Singapore. This helped to cut down the busy queues at the box offices and provided yet another mode of ticket purchase.

Cathay hosted and organised the first Malaysian Film Festival in Singapore showcasing cutting edge Malaysian-made films to the Singapore audience. Received with much enthusiasm and support, this festival continues to be on Cathay's annual calendar of events.

Cathay-Keris Films formed a joint venture with Prime Movies International. The joint venture company, Cathay Prima Pte Ltd, was a collaboration to develop and produce theatrical and television films and series, including titles from cathay-Keris' classic film library.

In 2005, hangout @ mt emily becomes a licensed Hostelling International (HI) operator for the Youth Hostels Association Singapore, YHA(S), which is an associate organisation of the International Youth Hostel Federation (IYHF).

In a collaboration with F & N Coca Cola Singapore, the Coke Red Lounge, the first of its kind outside of the USA, opened at Cathay Cineplex Cinelesiure Orchard.

In July, Cathay Cineplex Cineleisure Orchard emerged tops in 10 of the 12 categories in The New Paper poll for best seats, best popcorn, best sound etc.

Cathay Cineplexes Sdn Bhd’s fourth Mega Pavilion Cinemas in Malaysia was opened in Kota Kinabalu, the capital city of Sabah.

That same year, Cathay opened the largest cyber games centre E2Max @ Cine L9 at Cathay Orchard Cineleisure. E2Max @ Cine-L9 features over 200 PCs and consoles, including Xbox and internet surfing services, with different genres of games in varying configurations and levels for single or multi-player gameplay, a special ladies game area, 20 enclosed private cyber-gaming rooms, the Moto Music Zone and food & beverage facilities.

To complement E2Max @ L9 and to meet with consumer demands, Cathay Cineplexes opened 3 new E-cinemas at Cathay Cineleisure Orchard. These electronically-enabled cinema halls allows for alternative showcase alternative forms of entertainment i.e. live sporting events like the World Cup, Premier League and Champions League matches, awards ceremonies like the Oscars and Golden Globes and even local entertainment events like Singapore Idol. With these 3 new screens, Cathay Cineplexes Cineleisure Orchard had largest number of screens under one roof.

In March 2006, hangout @ mt emily was awarded "Best Accommodation Experience Budget Hotels" category in the Singapore Tourism Awards ceremony.

On 23 March, redeveloped Cathay building, now known as The Cathay, hosted a private party to over 1,000 invited guests to mark its opening. The Cathay opened to the public the next day with 8 cinema halls including The Grand Cathay & The Picturehouse. The Cathay also features retails and food & beverage outlets. Opening in the second phase are The Cathay Residences.

In May, Cathay Cineplexes hosted a party to mark the opening of its flagship cineplex at Cineleisure Damansara in Kuala Lumpur. Cathay Cineplex Damansara with 10 screens opened and in conjunction with the opening, Cathay Cineplexes effected its change in name from Mega Pavilion Cinemas to Cathay Cineplexes. The change in name is aimed at enhancing and strengthening the Cathay brand in Malaysia.

In June 2006, Cathay Organisation effected its voluntary delisting from SESDAQ.

In October 2006, The Cathay Gallery at The Cathay on Handy Road opened. The Cathay Gallery features the history of the Loke family and their various business interests in Malaysia and Singapore. A unique collection of memorabilia related to their businesses and personal interests are displayed in the gallery.

In November 2006, Cathay Organisation rationalised its business operations and sold its bowling operations to Family Leisure Pte Ltd.

Today, Cathay Organisation has subsidiaries in Singapore and Malaysia, in cinema operations, film distribution, film acquisitions, hotel management, investment holding, advertising, events management and property management.

Subsidiaries

  • Cathay Cineplexes Pte Ltd
  • Cathay-Keris Films Pte Ltd
  • Cathay Cineleisure International Pte Ltd
  • Cathay Properties Pte Ltd
  • Cathay Consultancy Services Pte Ltd
  • Cathay Ed-Ventures Pte. Ltd
  • Cathay Leisure Holdings Pte. Ltd.
  • Hangout Hotels International Pte Ltd
  • Cathay Ad-House Pte. Ltd.
  • Cathay Organisation Holdings (M) Sdn. Bhd.
  • Cathay Cineplexes Sdn. Bhd
  • Camp Out Sdn. Bhd
  • Cathay Ad-House Sdn. Bhd.
  • E2Max Centre Pte Ltd

Cathay Cineplexes

Cathay Cineplexes Singapore manages Cathay Cineleisure Orchard
Cathay Cineleisure Orchard
Cathay Cineleisure Orchard is an urban mall located at Grange Road, Singapore. The building is managed by Cathay Organisation Holdings Limited, under its subsidiary company of Cathay Cineleisure International. Cathay Cineleisure opened in 1997 after the old Orchard Cinema building was torn down in...

, The Cathay
The Cathay
The Cathay is a mixed-use 17-storey cinema, shopping mall and apartment building located at Handy Road and Mount Sophia in the Museum Planning Area of Singapore. Owned and managed by Cathay Organisation, the building originally opened in 1939 as Cathay Building. In 2000, it closed for redevelopment...

, Cathay Cineplex Causeway Point, Cathay Cineplex AMK Hub and Cathay Cineplex Downtown East. Cathay Cineplexes Sdn Bhd in Malaysia manages cineplexes in Johor Bahru, Penang, Kuala Lumpur and Kota Kinabalu.

Cathay Cineplexes is not part of the Cinematograph Film Exhibitors Association.

Singapore

The twelve screen Cathay Cineleisure Orchard
Cathay Cineleisure Orchard
Cathay Cineleisure Orchard is an urban mall located at Grange Road, Singapore. The building is managed by Cathay Organisation Holdings Limited, under its subsidiary company of Cathay Cineleisure International. Cathay Cineleisure opened in 1997 after the old Orchard Cinema building was torn down in...

 cineplex has a total capacity of 2135. Cathay Cineplex at Causeway Point has 7 screens while The Cathay Cineplex at The Cathay building features 8 screens. Cathay Cineplex Orchard Cineleisure in particular, is one of the most popular gathering place in Singapore especially among the youths.

On 24 March 2006, The Cathay Cineplex opened at The Cathay building (which is built on the site of the original Cathay Building of 1939) with 8 cinema halls including The Grand Cathay which seats 590 and The Picturehouse. The Picturehouse, with its distinctive niche programming, seats 82 and has Italian designer Oscar chairs by Poltrona Frau.

On 16 June 2007, Cathay Cineplex AMK Hub was opened in Ang Mo Kio Central with 8 screens, with a maximum capacity of 1800 seats. All screens are equipped with digital sound systems (DOLBY DIGITAL SURROUND.EX).

On April 2008, Cathay opened its latest cineplex at E!Hub, NTUC Downtown East
NTUC Downtown East
NTUC Downtown East is an entertainment hub located in Pasir Ris, Singapore. It is 147,000 square metres in area and was officially opened on 5 November 2000. It is run by NTUC Club. It provides leisure and entertainment for families and youths. It competes with the two IRs, especially Resorts World...

. It currently has 6 screens.

Malaysia

Mega Pavilion Cinemas, which was re-named Cathay Cineplexes Sdn Bhd in September 2004, became an integral part of Cathay Cineplexes’ operations when its parent company, Cathay Organisation Holdings Ltd, acquired the entire share capital of Cathay Organisation Holdings (M) Sdn Bhd in 2002.

Cathay Cineplexes Sdn Bhd operates and manages 28 screens in Malaysia, including the 3-screen cineplex in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah which opened in November 2005. All cineplexes are equipped with digital sound systems, plush cinema seats and a computerised ticketing system with seat selection features.

External links

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