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Carpus
 
 
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In tetrapod
Tetrapod

Tetrapods are vertebrate animals having four feet, legs or leglike appendages. Amphibians, reptiles, dinosaurs/birds, and mammals are all tetrapods, and even the limbless snakes are tetrapods by descent....
s, the carpals is the sole cluster of the bone
Bone

Bones are rigid organ that form part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates. They function to move, support, and protect the various organs of the body, produce red blood cell and white blood cells and store minerals....
s in the wrist
Wrist

In human anatomy, the wrist is the flexible and narrower connection between the forearm and the hand. The wrist is essentially a double row of small short bones, called carpals, intertwined to form a malleable hinge....
 between the radius
Radius (bone)

The radius is the bone of the forearm that extends from the lateral side of the Elbow-joint to the thumb side of the wrist. The radius is situated on the lateral side of the ulna, which exceeds it in length and size....
 and ulna
Ulna

The ulna is a long bone, prism atic in form, placed at the Anatomical terms of location#Relative directions side of the forearm, parallel with the radius ....
 and the metacarpus
Metacarpus

The metacarpus is the intermediate part of the hand skeleton that is located between the phalanges distally and the carpus which forms the connection to the forearm....
. The bones of the carpus do not belong to individual fingers (or toes in quadrupeds), whereas those of the metacarpus do. The corresponding part of the foot
Foot

The foot is an anatomical structure found in many animals. It is the terminal portion of a limb which bears weight and allows locomotion. In many animals with feet, the foot is a separate organ at the terminal part of the leg made up of one or more segments or bones, generally including claws or nails....
 is the tarsus
Tarsus (skeleton)

In tetrapods, the tarsus are the cluster of bones in the foot between the tibia and fibula and the metatarsus. The bones of the tarsus do not belong to individual toes, whereas those of the metatarsus do....
. Carpal bones are not considered part of the hand but are part of the wrist. The carpal bones allow the wrist to move and rotate vertically, horizontally and laterally.

In crustacean
Crustacean

Crustaceans are a large group of arthropods, comprising almost 52,000 described species , and are usually treated as a subphylum . They include various familiar animals, such as crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill and barnacles....
s, "carpus" is the scientific term for the claws or "pincers" present on some legs
Decapod anatomy

The Decapoda crustacean, such as a crab, lobster, shrimp or prawn, is made up of nineteen body segments grouped into two main body parts, the cephalothorax and the abdomen....
.








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In tetrapod
Tetrapod

Tetrapods are vertebrate animals having four feet, legs or leglike appendages. Amphibians, reptiles, dinosaurs/birds, and mammals are all tetrapods, and even the limbless snakes are tetrapods by descent....
s, the carpals is the sole cluster of the bone
Bone

Bones are rigid organ that form part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates. They function to move, support, and protect the various organs of the body, produce red blood cell and white blood cells and store minerals....
s in the wrist
Wrist

In human anatomy, the wrist is the flexible and narrower connection between the forearm and the hand. The wrist is essentially a double row of small short bones, called carpals, intertwined to form a malleable hinge....
 between the radius
Radius (bone)

The radius is the bone of the forearm that extends from the lateral side of the Elbow-joint to the thumb side of the wrist. The radius is situated on the lateral side of the ulna, which exceeds it in length and size....
 and ulna
Ulna

The ulna is a long bone, prism atic in form, placed at the Anatomical terms of location#Relative directions side of the forearm, parallel with the radius ....
 and the metacarpus
Metacarpus

The metacarpus is the intermediate part of the hand skeleton that is located between the phalanges distally and the carpus which forms the connection to the forearm....
. The bones of the carpus do not belong to individual fingers (or toes in quadrupeds), whereas those of the metacarpus do. The corresponding part of the foot
Foot

The foot is an anatomical structure found in many animals. It is the terminal portion of a limb which bears weight and allows locomotion. In many animals with feet, the foot is a separate organ at the terminal part of the leg made up of one or more segments or bones, generally including claws or nails....
 is the tarsus
Tarsus (skeleton)

In tetrapods, the tarsus are the cluster of bones in the foot between the tibia and fibula and the metatarsus. The bones of the tarsus do not belong to individual toes, whereas those of the metatarsus do....
. Carpal bones are not considered part of the hand but are part of the wrist. The carpal bones allow the wrist to move and rotate vertically, horizontally and laterally.

In crustacean
Crustacean

Crustaceans are a large group of arthropods, comprising almost 52,000 described species , and are usually treated as a subphylum . They include various familiar animals, such as crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill and barnacles....
s, "carpus" is the scientific term for the claws or "pincers" present on some legs
Decapod anatomy

The Decapoda crustacean, such as a crab, lobster, shrimp or prawn, is made up of nineteen body segments grouped into two main body parts, the cephalothorax and the abdomen....
.

Variations

In some macropod
Macropod

Macropods are marsupials belonging to the family Macropodidae, which includes kangaroos, wallaby, tree-kangaroos, pademelons, and several others....
s, the scaphoid and lunar bones are fused into the scaphollunar bone.

The carpus


Row Name Proximal/radial articulations Distal articulations Metacarpal articulations >- | Proximal Scaphoid
Scaphoid bone

The scaphoid bone of the wrist is found on the thumb side of the hand, within the anatomical snuffbox. It is known as the "navicular" in older texts, from its fancied resemblance to a boat....
 		 radius
Radius (bone)

The radius is the bone of the forearm that extends from the lateral side of the Elbow-joint to the thumb side of the wrist. The radius is situated on the lateral side of the ulna, which exceeds it in length and size....
, lunate 		trapezium, trapezoid, capitate - | Proximal Lunate
Lunate bone

The lunate bone is a carpal bone in the human hand that may be distinguished by its deep concavity and crescentic outline. It is situated in the center of the proximal row of the carpus, or wrist, between the scaphoid and triangular bone....
  		radius, scaphoid, triquetral capitate, hamate - | Proximal Triquetral lunate, pisiform (but NOT ulna
Ulna

The ulna is a long bone, prism atic in form, placed at the Anatomical terms of location#Relative directions side of the forearm, parallel with the radius ....
) 		hamate - | Proximal Pisiform
Pisiform bone

The pisiform bone is a small knobbly, pea-shaped wrist bone.The pisiform bone is found in the proximal row of the carpus. It is located where the ulna joins the carpus ....
 (sesamoid bone
Sesamoid bone

In anatomy, a sesamoid bone is a bone embedded within a tendon. They usually resemble sesame seed, hence the name.Sesamoid bones are typically found in locations where a tendon passes over a joint, such as the hand, knee, and foot....
) 		triquetral - - | Distal Trapezium
Trapezium (bone)

The trapezium bone is a carpus bone, in what is commonly referred to as the wrist.The trapezium is distinguished by a deep groove on its palmar surface....
 		 scaphoid trapezoid #1 and #2 |- | Distal Trapezoid
Trapezoid bone

The trapezoid bone is a carpus in tetrapods, including humans. It is the smallest bone in the distal row. It may be known by its wedge-shaped form, the broad end of the wedge constituting the dorsal surface, the narrow end the palmar surface; and by its having four articular facets touching each other, and separated by sharp edges....
 		 scaphoid trapezium, capitate - | Distal Capitate scaphoid, lunate trapezoid, hamate #2, #3 and #4 |- | Distal Hamate triquetral, lunate capitate #4 and #5


Common characteristics of the carpal bones: Almost each bone (excepting the pisiform) presents six (6) surfaces.

Of these the palmar or anterior and the dorsal or posterior surfaces are rough, for ligamentous attachment; the dorsal surfaces being the broader, except in the lunate.

The superior or proximal, and inferior or distal surfaces are articular, the superior generally convex, the inferior concave; the medial and lateral surfaces are also articular where they are in contact with contiguous bones, otherwise they are rough and tuberculated.

The structure in all is similar: cancellous tissue enclosed in a layer of compact bone.

See also

  • Bone terminology
    Bone

    Bones are rigid organ that form part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates. They function to move, support, and protect the various organs of the body, produce red blood cell and white blood cells and store minerals....
  • Terms for anatomical location
  • Carpal tunnel
    Carpal tunnel

    The human wrist contains a sheath of tough connective tissue which envelops and protects several structures. The carpal tunnel is the space between this sheath and the bones making up the wrist and hand ....
  • Carpal tunnel syndrome
    Carpal tunnel syndrome

    Carpal tunnel syndrome , or median neuropathy at the wrist, is a medical condition in which the median nerve is compressed at the wrist, leading to paresthesias, numbness and muscle weakness in the hand....


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