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Carlo Maria Giulini (May 9, 1914 – June 14, 2005) was an Italian
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
 conductor
Conducting

Conducting is the act of directing a musical performance by way of visible gestures. Orchestras, choirs, concert bands and other musical ensembles often have conductors....
, and violist
Viola

The viola is a bowed string instrument. It is the middle voice of the violin family, between the violin and the cello.The casual observer may mistake the viola for the violin because of their similarity in size, closeness in pitch range , and nearly identical playing position....
.

ini was born in Barletta
Barletta

Barletta is a city in the north of Apulia in southern Italy with c. 93,000 inhabitants. It is currently in the province of Bari, but, starting from 2009, will become the government seat of the new Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani....
, Italy
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
 and studied the viola
Viola

The viola is a bowed string instrument. It is the middle voice of the violin family, between the violin and the cello.The casual observer may mistake the viola for the violin because of their similarity in size, closeness in pitch range , and nearly identical playing position....
 and composition at the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia
Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia

The Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia is one of the oldest musical institutions in the world.It is located at the Auditorium Parco della Musica in Rome, Italy, and was founded by the papal bull, Ratione congruit, issued by Sixtus V in 1585, which invoked two saints prominent in Western musical history: Gregory the Great, for whom t...
 in Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
. He later studied conducting with Bernardino Molinari.

Giulini worked at Milan Radio
Raď

Ra? is a form of traditional music that originated in Oran, Algeria, and then in Oujda from Bedouin shepherds, mixed with Music of Spain, Music of France, African music and Arabic musical forms, which dates back to the 1930s and has been primarily evolved by women in the culture....
 from 1946 to 1951, where he revived several obscure operas, including works by Alessandro Scarlatti
Alessandro Scarlatti

Alessandro Scarlatti was an Italian Baroque music composer especially famous for his operas and chamber cantatas. He is considered the founder of the Neapolitan school of opera....
. Arturo Toscanini
Arturo Toscanini

Arturo Toscanini was an Italian people conductor. One of the most acclaimed musicians of the late 19th and 20th Centuries, he was renowned for his brilliant intensity, his restless perfectionism, his phenomenal ear for orchestral detail and sonority, and his photographic memory....
 heard a production of Haydn's Il mondo della luna; this led Toscanini to recommend Giulini for the musical directorship at La Scala
La Scala

The Teatro alla Scala , in Milan, Italy, is one of the world's most famous opera houses. The theatre was inaugurated on 3 August 1778, under the name Nuovo Regio Ducal Teatro alla Scala with Antonio Salieri Europa riconosciuta....
, where he remained from 1953 to 1956.

In 1958, Giulini conducted a highly acclaimed production of Verdi
Giuseppe Verdi

Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi was an Italian Romantic music composer, mainly of opera. He was one of the most influential composers in the 19th century....
's Don Carlos
Don Carlos

Don Carlos is a five-act Grand Opera composed by Giuseppe Verdi to a French language libretto by Camille du Locle and Joseph M?ry, based on the dramatic play Don Carlos by Friedrich Schiller....
 at the Royal Opera House
Royal Opera House

The Royal Opera House is an opera house and major performing arts venue in the London district of Covent Garden. The large building, often referred to as simply "Covent Garden", is the home of Royal Opera, London , Royal Ballet, London and the Orchestra of the Royal Opera House....
, Covent Garden
Covent Garden

Covent Garden is a district in London, England, located on the easternmost parts of the City of Westminster and the southwest corner of the London Borough of Camden....
.






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Carlo Maria Giulini (May 9, 1914 – June 14, 2005) was an Italian
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
 conductor
Conducting

Conducting is the act of directing a musical performance by way of visible gestures. Orchestras, choirs, concert bands and other musical ensembles often have conductors....
, and violist
Viola

The viola is a bowed string instrument. It is the middle voice of the violin family, between the violin and the cello.The casual observer may mistake the viola for the violin because of their similarity in size, closeness in pitch range , and nearly identical playing position....
.

Biography

Giulini was born in Barletta
Barletta

Barletta is a city in the north of Apulia in southern Italy with c. 93,000 inhabitants. It is currently in the province of Bari, but, starting from 2009, will become the government seat of the new Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani....
, Italy
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
 and studied the viola
Viola

The viola is a bowed string instrument. It is the middle voice of the violin family, between the violin and the cello.The casual observer may mistake the viola for the violin because of their similarity in size, closeness in pitch range , and nearly identical playing position....
 and composition at the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia
Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia

The Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia is one of the oldest musical institutions in the world.It is located at the Auditorium Parco della Musica in Rome, Italy, and was founded by the papal bull, Ratione congruit, issued by Sixtus V in 1585, which invoked two saints prominent in Western musical history: Gregory the Great, for whom t...
 in Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
. He later studied conducting with Bernardino Molinari.

Giulini worked at Milan Radio
Raď

Ra? is a form of traditional music that originated in Oran, Algeria, and then in Oujda from Bedouin shepherds, mixed with Music of Spain, Music of France, African music and Arabic musical forms, which dates back to the 1930s and has been primarily evolved by women in the culture....
 from 1946 to 1951, where he revived several obscure operas, including works by Alessandro Scarlatti
Alessandro Scarlatti

Alessandro Scarlatti was an Italian Baroque music composer especially famous for his operas and chamber cantatas. He is considered the founder of the Neapolitan school of opera....
. Arturo Toscanini
Arturo Toscanini

Arturo Toscanini was an Italian people conductor. One of the most acclaimed musicians of the late 19th and 20th Centuries, he was renowned for his brilliant intensity, his restless perfectionism, his phenomenal ear for orchestral detail and sonority, and his photographic memory....
 heard a production of Haydn's Il mondo della luna; this led Toscanini to recommend Giulini for the musical directorship at La Scala
La Scala

The Teatro alla Scala , in Milan, Italy, is one of the world's most famous opera houses. The theatre was inaugurated on 3 August 1778, under the name Nuovo Regio Ducal Teatro alla Scala with Antonio Salieri Europa riconosciuta....
, where he remained from 1953 to 1956.

In 1958, Giulini conducted a highly acclaimed production of Verdi
Giuseppe Verdi

Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi was an Italian Romantic music composer, mainly of opera. He was one of the most influential composers in the 19th century....
's Don Carlos
Don Carlos

Don Carlos is a five-act Grand Opera composed by Giuseppe Verdi to a French language libretto by Camille du Locle and Joseph M?ry, based on the dramatic play Don Carlos by Friedrich Schiller....
 at the Royal Opera House
Royal Opera House

The Royal Opera House is an opera house and major performing arts venue in the London district of Covent Garden. The large building, often referred to as simply "Covent Garden", is the home of Royal Opera, London , Royal Ballet, London and the Orchestra of the Royal Opera House....
, Covent Garden
Covent Garden

Covent Garden is a district in London, England, located on the easternmost parts of the City of Westminster and the southwest corner of the London Borough of Camden....
. During the 1960s, he was in great demand as a guest conductor of leading orchestras around the world, and made numerous well-received recordings with the Philharmonia Orchestra
Philharmonia

The Philharmonia is an orchestra based in London. Since 1995 it has been based in the Royal Festival Hall. In Britain it is also the resident orchestra at De Montfort Hall, Leicester and the Corn Exchange, Bedford, as well as The Anvil, Basingstoke....
 of London and several others.

After 1968 Giulini abandoned opera, as a result of not wanting to compromise his artistic vision, concentrating instead on orchestral works. He served as principal guest conductor of the Chicago Symphony from 1969 to 1978, and he was named music director of the Vienna Symphony in 1973. From 1978 to 1984, he served as principal conductor and Music Director of the Los Angeles Philharmonic
Los Angeles Philharmonic

The Los Angeles Philharmonic is an United States orchestra based in Los Angeles, California, California, United States. It has a regular season of concerts from October through June at the Walt Disney Concert Hall, and a summer season at the Hollywood Bowl from July through September....
, launching his tenure there with performances of Beethoven's 9th Symphony
Symphony No. 9 (Beethoven)

The Symphony No. 9 in D minor, Opus number 125 "Choral" is the last complete symphony composed by Ludwig van Beethoven. Completed in 1824, the choral symphony Ninth Symphony is one of the best known works of the Western repertoire, considered both an icon and a forefather of Romantic music, and one of Beethoven's greatest masterpieces....
. In 1982 he returned once more to opera, conducting a controversial production of Verdi's Falstaff
Falstaff (opera)

Falstaff is an operatic commedia lirica in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi, adapted by Arrigo Boito from William Shakespeare's plays The Merry Wives of Windsor and scenes from Henry IV, Part 1....
.

Giulini's most notable opera recordings include the 1959 Philharmonia Orchestra and Chorus
Philharmonia

The Philharmonia is an orchestra based in London. Since 1995 it has been based in the Royal Festival Hall. In Britain it is also the resident orchestra at De Montfort Hall, Leicester and the Corn Exchange, Bedford, as well as The Anvil, Basingstoke....
 versions of Mozart
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Mozart showed prodigious ability from his earliest childhood in Salzburg. Already competent on keyboard and violin, he composed from the age of five and performed before European royalty; at seventeen he was engaged as a court musician in Salzburg, but grew restless and traveled in search of a better position, always...
's operas Le Nozze di Figaro and Don Giovanni
Don Giovanni

Don Giovanni is an opera in two acts with music by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and with Italian language libretto by Lorenzo Da Ponte. It was premiered in the Estates Theatre in Prague on October 29, 1787 in music....
 for EMI
EMI

The EMI Group is a United Kingdom music company comprising the major record label EMI Music ? which operates several labels and is based in Kensington in London, England, United Kingdom ? and EMI Music Publishing, based in New York City....
, as well as his 1955 recording of Verdi's La Traviata
La traviata

La traviata is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi set to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave. It is based on the novel The Lady of the Camellias by Alexandre Dumas, fils, published in 1848....
 with Maria Callas
Maria Callas

Maria Callas was an American-born Greeks soprano and one of the most renowned opera singers of the twentieth century. She combined an impressive bel canto technique with great dramatic gifts....
. Admired orchestral records include Debussy's La Mer and Nocturnes, Dvorák's 9th Symphony and Tchaikovsky's 6th Symphony with the Philharmonia Orchestra, Mussorgsky
Mussorgsky

Mussorgsky can refer to:*The Mussorgsky family of Russian nobility;*Modest Mussorgsky, a Russian composer belonging to that family.*Mussorgsky , a 1950 Soviet film about the composer...
's Pictures at an Exhibition, Brahms's 4th Symphony and Mahler's 1st and 9th Symphonies with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra
Chicago Symphony Orchestra

The Chicago Symphony Orchestra is an American orchestra based in Chicago, Illinois. It is one of the five American orchestras commonly referred to as the "Big Five "....
, Beethoven's 3rd and 5th Symphonies, and Schumann
Robert Schumann

Robert Schumann, sometimes given as Robert Alexander Schumann, was a German composer, aesthete and influential music critic. He is one of the most famous Romantic music composers of the 19th century....
's 3rd Symphony with the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra, Mahler's Das Lied von der Erde
Das Lied von der Erde

'Das Lied von der Erde' is a large-scale work for two vocal soloists and orchestra by the Austrian people composer Gustav Mahler. Laid out in six separate movements, each of them an independent song, the work is described on the title-page as Eine Symphonie f?r eine Tenor- und eine Alt- Stimme und Orchester - ...
 with the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra
Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra

The Berlin Philharmonic , is an orchestra based in Berlin, Germany. In 2006, a group of ten European media outlets voted the Berlin Philharmonic number three on a list of "top ten European Orchestras", after the Vienna Philharmonic and the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra....
, Brahms's four Symphonies, Bruckner's 7th, 8th and 9th symphonies with the Vienna Philharmonic, and Dvorák
Antonín Dvorák

Anton?n Leopold Dvor?k was a Czechs composer of Romantic music, who employed the idioms and melodies of the folk music of Moravia and his native Bohemia....
's 7th Symphony with the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra
Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra

The Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra is a symphony orchestra of the Netherlands, based in Amsterdam. The orchestra is named for its resident venue, the Concertgebouw in Amsterdam....
 of Amsterdam. Most of these discs were recorded for the Deutsche Grammophon
Deutsche Grammophon

Deutsche Grammophon is a Germany classical record label, now part of the Universal Music Group. The company has long been known for its high standards of high fidelity....
 label.

Giulini and wife, Marcella (d. 1995), had three children. He died in Brescia
Brescia

Brescia is a city in the region of Lombardy in northern Italy. It is situated at the foot of the Alps, between the Mella and the Naviglio, with a population of around 190,000....
, Italy
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
 at age 91.

Awards and recognitions

  • Gramophone Award
    Gramophone Award

    The Gramophone Awards are one of the most significant honours bestowed on the classical record industry, often referred to as the Oscars for European classical music....
    • 1981 Beethoven
      Ludwig van Beethoven

      Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist. He was a crucial figure in the transitional period between the Classical music era and Romantic music eras in classical music, and remains one of the most acclaimed and influential composers of all time....
       Violin Concerto in D Major
      Violin Concerto (Beethoven)

      Ludwig van Beethoven's Violin Concerto in D major, Op. 61, was written in 1806.The work was premiered on December 23, 1806 in the Theater an der Wien in Vienna....
      ; Itzhak Perlman
      Itzhak Perlman

      Itzhak Perlman is an Israeli-United States of America violin virtuoso, conducting, and teacher....
       / Philharmonia Orchestra
      Philharmonia

      The Philharmonia is an orchestra based in London. Since 1995 it has been based in the Royal Festival Hall. In Britain it is also the resident orchestra at De Montfort Hall, Leicester and the Corn Exchange, Bedford, as well as The Anvil, Basingstoke....
       (EMI
      EMI

      The EMI Group is a United Kingdom music company comprising the major record label EMI Music ? which operates several labels and is based in Kensington in London, England, United Kingdom ? and EMI Music Publishing, based in New York City....
      )
  • Grammy Award for Best Choral Performance
    Grammy Award for Best Choral Performance

    The Grammy Award for Best Choral Performance has been awarded since 1961. There have been several minor changes to the name of the award over this time:...
    • 1981 Mozart
      Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

      Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Mozart showed prodigious ability from his earliest childhood in Salzburg. Already competent on keyboard and violin, he composed from the age of five and performed before European royalty; at seventeen he was engaged as a court musician in Salzburg, but grew restless and traveled in search of a better position, always...
      :       Requiem
      Requiem (Mozart)

      The Requiem Mass in D minor by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was composed in 1791. The requiem was Mozart's last composition, and is one of his most popular and most respected works....
      ; Norbert Balatsch (choirmaster) / Philharmonia Orchestra & Chorus
      Philharmonia

      The Philharmonia is an orchestra based in London. Since 1995 it has been based in the Royal Festival Hall. In Britain it is also the resident orchestra at De Montfort Hall, Leicester and the Corn Exchange, Bedford, as well as The Anvil, Basingstoke....
  • Grammy Award for Best Classical Album
    Grammy Award for Best Classical Album

    The Grammy Award for Best Classical Album has been awarded since 1962. The award has had several minor name changes:*From 1962 to 1963, 1965 to 1972 and 1974 to 1976 the award was known as Album of the Year - Classical...
    • 1979 Brahms
      Johannes Brahms

      Johannes Brahms , composer and pianist, was one of the leading musicians of the Romantic music. Born in Hamburg, Brahms spent much of his professional life in Vienna, Austria, where he was a leader of the musical scene....
      : Concerto For Violin in D
      Violin Concerto (Brahms)

      Violin Concerto in D major, Op. 77 is a violin concerto in three movements composed by Johannes Brahms in 1878 for and dedicated to his friend, violinist Joseph Joachim....
      ; Itzhak Perlman
      Itzhak Perlman

      Itzhak Perlman is an Israeli-United States of America violin virtuoso, conducting, and teacher....
       / Chicago Symphony
  • Grammy Award for Best Engineered Album, Classical
    Grammy Award for Best Engineered Album, Classical

    The Grammy Award for Best Engineered Recording, Classical has been awarded since 1959. The award had several minor name changes:*In 1959 the award was known as Best Engineered Record ...
    • 1965 Britten
      Benjamin Britten

      Edward Benjamin Britten, Baron Britten, Order of Merit Order of the Companions of Honour was an England composer, conducting, viola and pianist....
      :       The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra
      The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra

      The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra, opus 34, is a musical composition by Benjamin Britten in 1946 with a subtitle "Variations and Fugue on a Theme of Purcell"....
      ; Philharmonia Orchestra
      Philharmonia

      The Philharmonia is an orchestra based in London. Since 1995 it has been based in the Royal Festival Hall. In Britain it is also the resident orchestra at De Montfort Hall, Leicester and the Corn Exchange, Bedford, as well as The Anvil, Basingstoke....
  • Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist Performance
    Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist(s) Performance (with orchestra)

    The Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist Performance has been awarded since 1959. From 1967 to 1971 and in 1987 the award was combined with the award for Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist Performance and awarded as the Grammy Award for Best Classical Performance - Instrumental Soloist or Soloists ....
    • 1989 Mozart
      Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

      Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Mozart showed prodigious ability from his earliest childhood in Salzburg. Already competent on keyboard and violin, he composed from the age of five and performed before European royalty; at seventeen he was engaged as a court musician in Salzburg, but grew restless and traveled in search of a better position, always...
      : Piano Concerto No. 23
      Piano Concerto No. 23 (Mozart)

      The Piano Concerto No. 23 in A major is a musical composition written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. It was finished, according to Mozart's own catalogue, on March 2, 1786, around the time of the premiere of his opera, The Marriage of Figaro....
      ; Vladimir Horowitz
      Vladimir Horowitz

      Vladimir Samoylovich Horowitz ; )   was a Russian American pianist. His technique, use of Timbre and the excitement of his playing are legendary....
       / La Scala Orchestra
      La Scala

      The Teatro alla Scala , in Milan, Italy, is one of the world's most famous opera houses. The theatre was inaugurated on 3 August 1778, under the name Nuovo Regio Ducal Teatro alla Scala with Antonio Salieri Europa riconosciuta....
  • Grammy Award for Best Orchestral Performance
    Grammy Award for Best Orchestral Performance

    The Grammy Award for Best Orchestral Performance has been awarded since 1959. There have been several minor changes to the name of the award over this time:...
    • 1972 Mahler
      Gustav Mahler

      Gustav Mahler was a Bohemian-born Austrian composer and conducting. He was best known during his own lifetime as one of the leading orchestral and operatic conductors of the day....
      : Symphony No. 1 in D
      Symphony No. 1 (Mahler)

      The Symphony No. 1 in D major is a symphony by Gustav Mahler first composed between 1884 and 1888 . The initial premiere was in Budapest in 1889, where it was presented as a five-movement symphonic poem under the title "Symphonische Dichtung in zwei Teilen" ....
      ; Chicago Symphony
    • 1978 Mahler
      Gustav Mahler

      Gustav Mahler was a Bohemian-born Austrian composer and conducting. He was best known during his own lifetime as one of the leading orchestral and operatic conductors of the day....
      : Symphony No. 9 in D
      Symphony No. 9 (Mahler)

      The Symphony No. 9 in D major by the composer Gustav Mahler was written in 1909 and 1910, and was the last symphony that he completed. Having recently learned of the infidelity of his wife Alma Mahler-Werfel, Mahler was suffering a deep personal crisis when he wrote his ninth symphony, considered by many Musicology and critics to be the most...
      ; Chicago Symphony


See also



External links

  • , 1977 - 2002
  • about Giulini