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Carib Expulsion
 
 
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The Carib
Carib

Carib, Island Carib or Kalinago people, after whom the Caribbean Sea was named, live in the Lesser Antilles islands. They are an Amerindian people whose origins lie in the southern West Indies and the northern coast of South America....
 Expulsion was the ethnic cleansing
Ethnic cleansing

Ethnic cleansing is a euphemism referring to the persecution through imprisonment, expulsion, or killing of members of an ethnic minority by a majority to achieve ethnic homogeneity in majority-controlled territory....
 of the Carib
Carib

Carib, Island Carib or Kalinago people, after whom the Caribbean Sea was named, live in the Lesser Antilles islands. They are an Amerindian people whose origins lie in the southern West Indies and the northern coast of South America....
 population which took place in 1660 on the Caribbean
Caribbean

The Caribbean is a region consisting of the Caribbean Sea, its islands , and the surrounding coasts. The region is located southeast of the Gulf of Mexico and Northern America, east of Central America, and to the north of South America....
 island of Martinique
Martinique

Martinique is an island in the eastern Caribbean Sea, having a land area of 1,128 km?. It is an overseas department of France. To the northwest lies Dominica, to the south St Lucia....
 following the 1635 invasion and seizure by the French military
Military of France

The Military of France encompasses an French Army, a French Navy, an French Air Force and a National Gendarmerie . The President of the French Republic heads the armed forces, with the title of "chef des arm?es" - "chief of the military forces"....
 that made it part of the French colonial empire
French colonial empires

The French colonial empire was the set of territories outside Europe that were under French rule from the 1600s to the late 1960s. In terms of land area, the Empire reached its height of 12,347,000 km? after World War One....
.

Using their overwhelming military superiority, the French forces of Pierre Belain d'Esnambuc
Pierre Belain d'Esnambuc

Pierre B?lain, Sieur d'Esnambuc was a France trader in the Caribbean, who established the first permanent French colony, Saint-Pierre, Martinique, on the island of Martinique in 1635....
 and then his nephew Jacques Dyel du Parquet imposed French colonial rule
French colonial empires

The French colonial empire was the set of territories outside Europe that were under French rule from the 1600s to the late 1960s. In terms of land area, the Empire reached its height of 12,347,000 km? after World War One....
 on the indigenous
Indigenous peoples of the Americas

The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian inhabitants of the Americas, their descendants, and many ethnic groups who identify with those peoples....
 Carib peoples. Cardinal Richelieu, France gave the island to the Saint Christophe Company
Compagnie de Saint-Christophe

The Compagnie de Saint-Christophe was a company created and chartered by French adventurers to exploit the island of Saint-Christophe, the present day Saint Kitts and Nevis....
, in which he was a shareholder, and which became the Company of the American Islands
Compagnie des Îles de l'Amérique

The Compagnie des ?les de l'Am?rique, French for Company of the American Islands, was a French chartered company that colonized the following Caribbean islands:...
.






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The Carib
Carib

Carib, Island Carib or Kalinago people, after whom the Caribbean Sea was named, live in the Lesser Antilles islands. They are an Amerindian people whose origins lie in the southern West Indies and the northern coast of South America....
 Expulsion was the ethnic cleansing
Ethnic cleansing

Ethnic cleansing is a euphemism referring to the persecution through imprisonment, expulsion, or killing of members of an ethnic minority by a majority to achieve ethnic homogeneity in majority-controlled territory....
 of the Carib
Carib

Carib, Island Carib or Kalinago people, after whom the Caribbean Sea was named, live in the Lesser Antilles islands. They are an Amerindian people whose origins lie in the southern West Indies and the northern coast of South America....
 population which took place in 1660 on the Caribbean
Caribbean

The Caribbean is a region consisting of the Caribbean Sea, its islands , and the surrounding coasts. The region is located southeast of the Gulf of Mexico and Northern America, east of Central America, and to the north of South America....
 island of Martinique
Martinique

Martinique is an island in the eastern Caribbean Sea, having a land area of 1,128 km?. It is an overseas department of France. To the northwest lies Dominica, to the south St Lucia....
 following the 1635 invasion and seizure by the French military
Military of France

The Military of France encompasses an French Army, a French Navy, an French Air Force and a National Gendarmerie . The President of the French Republic heads the armed forces, with the title of "chef des arm?es" - "chief of the military forces"....
 that made it part of the French colonial empire
French colonial empires

The French colonial empire was the set of territories outside Europe that were under French rule from the 1600s to the late 1960s. In terms of land area, the Empire reached its height of 12,347,000 km? after World War One....
.

Using their overwhelming military superiority, the French forces of Pierre Belain d'Esnambuc
Pierre Belain d'Esnambuc

Pierre B?lain, Sieur d'Esnambuc was a France trader in the Caribbean, who established the first permanent French colony, Saint-Pierre, Martinique, on the island of Martinique in 1635....
 and then his nephew Jacques Dyel du Parquet imposed French colonial rule
French colonial empires

The French colonial empire was the set of territories outside Europe that were under French rule from the 1600s to the late 1960s. In terms of land area, the Empire reached its height of 12,347,000 km? after World War One....
 on the indigenous
Indigenous peoples of the Americas

The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian inhabitants of the Americas, their descendants, and many ethnic groups who identify with those peoples....
 Carib peoples. Cardinal Richelieu, France gave the island to the Saint Christophe Company
Compagnie de Saint-Christophe

The Compagnie de Saint-Christophe was a company created and chartered by French adventurers to exploit the island of Saint-Christophe, the present day Saint Kitts and Nevis....
, in which he was a shareholder, and which became the Company of the American Islands
Compagnie des Îles de l'Amérique

The Compagnie des ?les de l'Am?rique, French for Company of the American Islands, was a French chartered company that colonized the following Caribbean islands:...
. French Law was imposed on the conquered inhabitants and the Jesuits arrived to convert them to the Roman Catholic Church
Roman Catholic Church

The Roman Catholic Church, officially known as the Catholic Church is the world's largest Christianity Ecclesia , representing over half of all Christians and one-sixth of the world population....
.

In 1650, the Company liquidated and sold Martinique to du Parquet, who became its governor, a position he held until his death in 1658 when his wife took over control of the island. As the colony grew, the settlers looked to a fertile area of Martinique known as Cabesterre (leeward side). The Carib tribes had already been pushed to this northeastern coast and the Caravalle Peninsula but now the colonists wanted this land too. The Jesuits and the Dominicans
Dominican Order

The Order of Preachers , after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is a Roman Catholic religious order founded by Saint Dominic in the early 13th century in France....
 had agreed that whichever order arrived first would get all future parishes in that part of the island. The Jesuits came by sea and the Dominicans by land, with the Dominicans ultimately prevailing.

The Caribs soon revolted against French rule and under Governor Charles Houel sieur de Petit Pré a war was launched against them. Many were slaughtered; those who survived were taken captive in 1660 and expelled from the island, never to return. The French signed a peace treaty with the few remaining Caribs, most of whom they had been killed or exiled. Some Caribs fled to Dominica
Dominica

The Commonwealth of Dominica, commonly known as Dominica, is an island nation in the Caribbean Sea. To the north/northwest lies Guadeloupe, to the southeast Martinique....
 or St. Vincent where the French agreed to leave them alone. Some of the last Caribs committed suicide by throwing themselves off a headland.

Because the Caribs were unwilling to work building and maintaining the sugar
Sugar

Sugar is a class of edible crystalline substances, mainly sucrose, lactose, and fructose. Human taste buds interpret its flavor as sweet. Sugar as a basic food carbohydrate primarily comes from sugar cane and from sugar beet, but also appears in fruit, honey, sorghum, sugar maple , and in many other sources....
 and cocoa
Cocoa

Cocoa is the dried and fully fermented fatty seed of the cacao from which chocolate is made. "Cocoa" can often also refer to the drink commonly known as hot chocolate; Cocoa solids, the dry powder made by grinding cocoa seeds and removing the cocoa butter from the dark, bitter cocoa solids; or it may refer to the combination of both cocoa p...
 plantations the Company desired, in 1636 King Louis XIII
Louis XIII of France

Louis XIII reigned as List of French monarchs and List of Navarrese monarchs from 1610 to 1643....
 proclaimed "La Traite des Noirs". This authorized the the abduction of slaves
Slavery

Slavery is a form of forced labor where a person is compelled to Labor for another . Slaves are held against their will from the time of their capture, purchase, or birth, and are deprived of the right to leave, to refuse to work, or to receive Remuneration in return for their labor....
 from Africa
Africa

Africa is the world's second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km? including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area....
 for transportation to Martinique and other parts of the French West Indies
French West Indies

The term French West Indies refers to the four territories presently under French sovereignty in the Caribbean: the two overseas departments of Guadeloupe and Martinique, plus the two overseas collectivities of Saint Martin and Saint-Barth?lemy ....
.