Carbon monofluoride

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Carbon monofluoride

Carbon monofluoride (CF, CF_x, or (CF)_x), also called polycarbon monofluoride, polycarbon fluoride, poly(carbon monofluoride), and graphite fluoride, is a material formed by high-temperature reaction of fluorine

Fluorine

Fluorine is the chemical element with the symbol F and atomic number 9. Fluorine forms a single bond with itself in elemental form, resulting in the diatomic F2 molecule....
gas with graphite

Graphite

The mineral graphite is one of the allotropes of carbon. It was named by Abraham Gottlob Werner in 1789 from the Greek language ??afe?? : "to draw/write", for its use in pencils, where it is commonly called lead, as distinguished from the actual metallic element lead....
, charcoal

Charcoal

Charcoal is the blackish residue consisting of impure carbon obtained by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation substances....
, or pyrolytic carbon

Pyrolytic carbon

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Encyclopedia

Fluorine

Fluorine is the chemical element with the symbol F and atomic number 9. Fluorine forms a single bond with itself in elemental form, resulting in the diatomic F2 molecule....
gas with graphite

Graphite

Charcoal

Charcoal is the blackish residue consisting of impure carbon obtained by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation substances....
, or pyrolytic carbon

Pyrolytic carbon

Pyrolytic carbon is a material similar to graphite, but with some covalent bonding between its graphene sheets as a result of imperfections in its production....
powder. Its CAS number is . In contrary to graphite intercalation compounds it is a covalent graphite compound.

Carbon is stable in fluorine atmosphere up to about 400 °C, but between 420-600 °C reaction takes place to give substoichiometric carbon monofluoride, CF_0.68 appearing dark grey. With increasing temperature and fluorine pressure stoichiometries up to CF_1.12 are formed. With increasing fluorine content the colour changes from dark grey to cream white indicating the loss of the aromatic character. The fluorine atoms are located in an alternating fashion above and under the former graphene

Graphene

Graphene is a one-atom-thick planar sheet of sp2 bond carbon atoms that are densely packed in a honeycomb crystal lattice. It can be viewed as an chicken wire made of carbon atoms and their bonds....
plane, which is now buckled due to formation of covalent carbon-fluorine bonds. Reaction of carbon with fluorine at even higher temperature successively destroys the graphite compound to yield a mixture of gaseous fluorocarbon

Fluorocarbon

Fluorocarbons, sometimes referred to as perfluorocarbons, are organofluorine compounds that contain only carbon and fluorine bonded together in strong carbon?fluorine bonds....
s such as e.g. tetrafluorocarbon, CF₄, and tetrafluoroethylene, C₂F₄.

In a similar fashion the recently found carbon

Carbon

Carbon is a chemical element with chemical symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalence?making four electrons available to form covalent bond chemical bonds....
allotrope fullerene

Fullerene

Fullerene are a family of carbon Allotropy, molecules composed entirely of carbon, in the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, cylinder , or plane....
, C₆₀ reacts with fluorine gas to give fullerene fluorides with stoichiometries up to C₆₀F₄₈ .

A precursor of carbon monofluoride is the fluorine-graphite intercalation compound, also called fluorine-GIC.

Other intercalation fluorides of carbon are

poly(dicarbon fluoride) ((C₂F)_n);
tetracarbon monofluoride (TCMF, C₄F).

Application

Carbon monofluoride is used as a high energy density

Energy density

Energy density is the amount of energy stored in a given system or region of space per unit volume, or per unit mass, depending on the context, although the latter is more formally specific energy ....
cathode

Cathode

A cathode is an electrode through which electric charge flows out of a polarized electrical device. Mnemonic: CCD .From an electrochemical point of view, positively charged ion invariably move toward the cathode and/or negatively charged ion move away from it to balance the electrons arriving from external circuitry....
material in lithium batteries

Lithium battery

Lithium batteries are disposable Battery that have lithium metal or lithium compounds as an anode. Depending on the design and chemical compounds used, lithium cells can produce voltages from 1.5 V to about 3.7 V, twice the voltage of an ordinary zinc-carbon battery or alkaline battery....
of the "BR" type. Other uses are a wear

Wear

In materials science, wear is the erosion of material from a solid surface by the action of another substance. The study of the processes of wear is part of the discipline of tribology....
reduction additive for lubricant

Lubricant

A lubricant is a substance introduced between two moving surfaces to reduce the friction between them, improving efficiency and reducing wear....
s, and weather-resistant additive for paint

Paint

Paint is any liquid, liquifiable, or mastic composition which after application to a Substrate in a thin layer is converted to an opaque solid film....
s. Graphite fluoride is also used as both oxidizing agent

Oxidizing agent

An oxidizing agent can be defined as either:#a chemical compound that readily transfers oxygen atoms, or#a substance that gains electrons in a redox chemical reaction...
and combustion modifier in rocket propellant

Rocket propellant

Rocket propellant is mass that is stored, usually in some form of propellant tank, prior to being used as the propulsive mass that is ejected from a rocket engine in the form of a fluid Jet to produce thrust....
s and pyrolant

Pyrolant

Pyrolant is a made-up word containing the Greek word pyros to describe energetic materials that generate hot flames upon combustion. Pyrolants are metal-based pyrotechnic compositions containing virtually any oxidizer....
s

Carbon monofluoride

Application

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