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Canossa (Province of Reggio Emilia
Province of Reggio Emilia

The Province of Reggio Emilia is one of the eight provinces of the Italian Region of Emilia-Romagna. The capital is the city Reggio Emilia.It has an area of 2,293 km?, and a total population of 487,003 ....
) is a comune
Comune

In Italy, the comune, is the basic administrative division of both provinces and regions, and may be properly approximated in casual speech by the English word township or municipality....
 and castle town in Emilia-Romagna
Emilia-Romagna

Emilia-Romagna is an administrative Regions of Italy of Northern Italy comprising the two historic regions of Emilia and Romagna. The capital is Bologna; it has an area of 20,124 km? and about 4.3 million inhabitants....
, famous as the site where Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor

Henry IV was King of Germany from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century....
 did penance in 1077, standing three days bare-headed in the snow, in order to reverse his excommunication by Pope Gregory VII
Pope Gregory VII

Pope Saint Gregory VII , born Hildebrand of Soana , was papacy from April 22, 1073, until his death. One of the great reforming popes, he is perhaps best known for the part he played in the Investiture Controversy, his dispute with Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor affirming the primacy of the papal authority and the new canon law governing...
. The Walk to Canossa
Walk to Canossa

The Walk to Canossa refers to both the trek itself of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire from Speyer to the Canossa Castle in Emilia Romagna and to the events surrounding his journey....
 is sometimes used as a symbol of the changing relationship between the medieval Church and State. Canossa has a population of 3,376, and borders the comuni of Casina
Casina

For other meanings see Casina .Casina is a comune in the Province of Reggio Emilia in the Italy region Emilia-Romagna, located about 70 km west of Bologna and about 25 km southwest of Reggio Emilia....
, Castelnovo ne' Monti
Castelnovo ne' Monti

Castelnovo Monti Along with every other town and village in the Apennines, Castelnovo is an approved area for the production of Parmesan cheese....
, Neviano degli Arduini
Neviano degli Arduini

Neviano degli Arduini is a comune in the Province of Parma in the Italy region Emilia-Romagna, located about 80 km west of Bologna and about 25 km south of Parma....
 (PR), San Polo d'Enza
San Polo d'Enza

San Polo d'Enza is a comune in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy, located about 70 km west of Bologna and about 20 km southwest of Reggio Emilia....
, Traversetolo
Traversetolo

Traversetolo is a comune in the Province of Parma in the Italy region Emilia-Romagna, located about 80 km west of Bologna and about 20 km south of Parma....
 (PR), Vetto
Vetto

Vetto is a comune in the Province of Reggio Emilia in the Italy region Emilia-Romagna, located about 80 km west of Bologna and about 35 km southwest of Reggio Emilia....
, and Vezzano sul Crostolo
Vezzano sul Crostolo

Vezzano sul Crostolo is a comune in the Province of Reggio Emilia in the Italy region Emilia-Romagna, located about 60 km west of Bologna and about 13 km southwest of Reggio Emilia....
.

Main sights
Canossa Castle
Canossa Castle

The Castle of Canossa is a castle in Canossa, province of Reggio Emilia, northern Italy.It is especially known as the seat of the Walk of Canossa, the meeting of Emperor Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor and Pope Gregory VII during the Investiture Controversy ....
 was built before the middle of the 10th century by Adalberto Atto, son of Sigifred of Lucca
Lucca

Lucca is a city in Tuscany, northern central Italy, situated on the river Serchio in a fertile plain near the Ligurian Sea. It is the capital city of the Province of Lucca....
.






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Canossa (Province of Reggio Emilia
Province of Reggio Emilia

The Province of Reggio Emilia is one of the eight provinces of the Italian Region of Emilia-Romagna. The capital is the city Reggio Emilia.It has an area of 2,293 km?, and a total population of 487,003 ....
) is a comune
Comune

In Italy, the comune, is the basic administrative division of both provinces and regions, and may be properly approximated in casual speech by the English word township or municipality....
 and castle town in Emilia-Romagna
Emilia-Romagna

Emilia-Romagna is an administrative Regions of Italy of Northern Italy comprising the two historic regions of Emilia and Romagna. The capital is Bologna; it has an area of 20,124 km? and about 4.3 million inhabitants....
, famous as the site where Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor

Henry IV was King of Germany from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century....
 did penance in 1077, standing three days bare-headed in the snow, in order to reverse his excommunication by Pope Gregory VII
Pope Gregory VII

Pope Saint Gregory VII , born Hildebrand of Soana , was papacy from April 22, 1073, until his death. One of the great reforming popes, he is perhaps best known for the part he played in the Investiture Controversy, his dispute with Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor affirming the primacy of the papal authority and the new canon law governing...
. The Walk to Canossa
Walk to Canossa

The Walk to Canossa refers to both the trek itself of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire from Speyer to the Canossa Castle in Emilia Romagna and to the events surrounding his journey....
 is sometimes used as a symbol of the changing relationship between the medieval Church and State. Canossa has a population of 3,376, and borders the comuni of Casina
Casina

For other meanings see Casina .Casina is a comune in the Province of Reggio Emilia in the Italy region Emilia-Romagna, located about 70 km west of Bologna and about 25 km southwest of Reggio Emilia....
, Castelnovo ne' Monti
Castelnovo ne' Monti

Castelnovo Monti Along with every other town and village in the Apennines, Castelnovo is an approved area for the production of Parmesan cheese....
, Neviano degli Arduini
Neviano degli Arduini

Neviano degli Arduini is a comune in the Province of Parma in the Italy region Emilia-Romagna, located about 80 km west of Bologna and about 25 km south of Parma....
 (PR), San Polo d'Enza
San Polo d'Enza

San Polo d'Enza is a comune in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy, located about 70 km west of Bologna and about 20 km southwest of Reggio Emilia....
, Traversetolo
Traversetolo

Traversetolo is a comune in the Province of Parma in the Italy region Emilia-Romagna, located about 80 km west of Bologna and about 20 km south of Parma....
 (PR), Vetto
Vetto

Vetto is a comune in the Province of Reggio Emilia in the Italy region Emilia-Romagna, located about 80 km west of Bologna and about 35 km southwest of Reggio Emilia....
, and Vezzano sul Crostolo
Vezzano sul Crostolo

Vezzano sul Crostolo is a comune in the Province of Reggio Emilia in the Italy region Emilia-Romagna, located about 60 km west of Bologna and about 13 km southwest of Reggio Emilia....
.

Main sights


Canossa Castle
Canossa Castle

The Castle of Canossa is a castle in Canossa, province of Reggio Emilia, northern Italy.It is especially known as the seat of the Walk of Canossa, the meeting of Emperor Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor and Pope Gregory VII during the Investiture Controversy ....
 was built before the middle of the 10th century by Adalberto Atto, son of Sigifred of Lucca
Lucca

Lucca is a city in Tuscany, northern central Italy, situated on the river Serchio in a fertile plain near the Ligurian Sea. It is the capital city of the Province of Lucca....
. When Adelaide of Italy
Adelaide of Italy

Saint Adelaide of Italy, also called Adelaide of Burgundy was perhaps the most prominent European woman of the 10th century.She was the daughter of Rudolf II of Burgundy and Bertha of Swabia....
, the respective daughter, daughter-in-law, and widow of the last three kings of Italy was hard pressed by a local noble, Berengar of Ivrea, who declared himself king of Italy, abducted Adelaide, and tried to legitimize his reign by forcing Adelaide to marry his son Adalbert, it was to Canossa that she escaped: from the rocca of Canossa she issued a call for German intervention. Canossa was inherited by Matilda of Tuscany
Matilda of Tuscany

Matilda of Canossa , called la Gran Contessa or the Great Countess, was an italy noblewoman, the principal Italian supporter of Pope Gregory VII during the Investiture Controversy....
, the principal Italian supporter of Pope Gregory VII, in 1052. Matilde died in 1115 in Mantuan territory.
Hugo V Cluny Heinrich Iv Mathilde V Tuszien Cod Vat Lat 4922 1115ad
The fortress was destroyed by invaders from Reggio
Reggio Emilia

Reggio Emilia is an affluent city of Northern Italy Italy, in the Emilia-Romagna region. It has about 167,013 inhabitants and is the main comune of the Province of Reggio Emilia....
 in 1256. Perched spectacularly on top of the white cliffs of the Apennines
Apennine mountains

The Apennines or Apennine Mountains is a mountain range stretching 1000 km from the north to the south of Italy along its east coast, traversing the entire peninsula, and forming the backbone of the country....
, the castle is an abandoned ruin today. Because of its historical importance each year more than 30,000 tourists come here, especially from Germany.

The church of San Apollonio within the walls, contemporary of the castle, was also destroyed, only the christening font remains, preserved in the national museum "Naborre Campanini" next to the remains of the wall.

Other


Saint Magdalen of Canossa
Magdalen of Canossa

Magdalene of Canossa was an Italy nun. She was born to a Verona family; her father died in 1779 and her mother abandoned her in 1781. In 1791 she spent time in a Carmelite cloister but decided this was not her vocation....
 is an Italian saint of the early 19th century, who set up the Institute of the Daughters of Charity and in whose name the Canossian schools have been set up in many countries.

Frazioni

Albareto, Borzano Chiesa, Borzano di Sopra, Borzano di Sotto, Braglie, Casalino, Cavandola, Ceredolo de' Coppi Nuovo, Ceredolo dei Coppi, Cerezzola, Ciano d'Enza, Compiano, Crognolo, Currada, Dirotte, Fornace, Gazzolo, Iagarone, Massalica, Monchio delle Olle e Trinità, Pietranera, Roncovetro, Rossena, Selva, Selvapiana, Solara, Vedriano, Verlano.

See also

  • Walk to Canossa
    Walk to Canossa

    The Walk to Canossa refers to both the trek itself of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire from Speyer to the Canossa Castle in Emilia Romagna and to the events surrounding his journey....
  • Matilda of Tuscany
    Matilda of Tuscany

    Matilda of Canossa , called la Gran Contessa or the Great Countess, was an italy noblewoman, the principal Italian supporter of Pope Gregory VII during the Investiture Controversy....