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Calw (ˈkalf; locally [kʰalp]) is a
municipalityMunicipalities are the lowest level of territorial division in Germany. This may be the fourth level of territorial division in Germany, apart from those states which include Regierungsbezirke , where municipalities then become the fifth level.-Overview:With more than 3,400,000 inhabitants, the...
in the middle of
Baden-WürttembergBaden-Württemberg is one of the 16 states of Germany. Baden-Württemberg is in the southwestern part of the country to the east of the Upper Rhine, and is the third largest in both area and population of Germany's sixteen states, with an area of and 10.7 million inhabitants...
in the south of
GermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, capital of the
district CalwCalw is a district in the middle of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are Karlsruhe, Enz, the district-free city Pforzheim, Böblingen, Freudenstadt and Rastatt.- History :...
. It is located in the northern
Black ForestThe Black Forest is a wooded mountain range in Baden-Württemberg, southwestern Germany. It is bordered by the Rhine valley to the west and south. The highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres ....
.
History
Calw was first mentioned in records in 1075. In the 11th century the city grew around the older castle of the Grafen (Earls) of Calw. In the Middle Ages Calw was an important commercial town especially for the trade of cloth and leather. In the 18th century Calw flourished from lumbers trade and rafting of timber on the Nagold river.
During
World War IIWorld War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, a small subcamp of
Natzweiler-StruthofNatzweiler-Struthof was a German concentration camp located in the Vosges Mountains close to the Alsatian village of Natzwiller in France, and the town of Schirmeck, about 50 km south west from the city of Strasbourg....
Concentration camp, where parts for aircrafts where assembled by female forced laborers, was located here. The most prominent resident of Calw was the author and Nobel prize winner
Hermann HesseHermann Hesse was a German-Swiss poet, novelist, and painter. In 1946, he received the Nobel Prize in Literature...
.
Important Facts and Figures on Calw
- Outlying districts: Alzenberg
Alzenberg is a mountain of Bavaria, Germany....
, Wimberg, Heumaden
- Town districts: Altburg, Hirsau
Hirsau is a district of the town of Calw in the German state of Baden-Württemberg, located in the south-west portion of the country, about two miles north of Calw and about twenty four miles west of Stuttgart.-Town:...
, StammheimStammheim may refer to:* Stammheim - 1986 West German film directed by Reinhard Hauff* Stammheim, Cologne - municipal part of the city of Cologne, Germany* Stammheim, Stuttgart - municipal part of the city of Stuttgart, Germany...
, Holzbronn
- Labor force: Compulsorily insured employees 8,014. Of these:
- Manufacturing industries: 2,763
- Service industries: 5,251
- Waterways - Nagold river, Tälesbach
Tälesbach is a river of Baden-Württemberg, Germany....
, Ziegelbach, Wurstbrunnenbach, Schießbach, Schlittenbach, Schweinbach
- Base of the KSK
KSK may refer to:* Karşıyaka S.K., a sports club from Izmir, Turkey* Kill Switch...Klick, an American industrial band* Kissing Suzy Kolber, a sports blog* Kommando Spezialkräfte, part of Germany's Special Forces...
(Special Forces Command)
Tourism and Importance
Calw is heavily pedestrianised, and has begun catering for the tourist trade with numerous shops, restaurants, bistros and ice-cream parlours being opened. This growth has allowed Calw to be considered a large town at the centre of its district.
Famous residents
- Hermann Hesse
Hermann Hesse was a German-Swiss poet, novelist, and painter. In 1946, he received the Nobel Prize in Literature...
, author
- Johannes Valentinus Andreae
Johannes Valentinus Andreae , a.k.a. Johannes Valentinus Andreä or Johann Valentin Andreae, was a German theologian, who claimed to be the author of the Chymische Hochzeit Christiani Rosencreutz anno 1459 one of the three founding works of...
, clergyman
- Rudolf Schlichter
Rudolf Schlichter was a German artist and one of the most important representatives of the Neue Sachlichkeit movement....
, painter
- Marcel Goc
Marcel Goc is a German professional ice hockey player currently playing for the Florida Panthers of the National Hockey League .-Playing career:...
, NHLThe National Hockey League is an unincorporated not-for-profit association which operates a major professional ice hockey league of 30 franchised member clubs, of which 7 are currently located in Canada and 23 in the United States...
player who currently plays for the Nashville PredatorsThe Nashville Predators are a professional ice hockey team based in Nashville, Tennessee. They are members of the Central Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League...
.
- Sascha Goc
Sascha Goc is a German ice hockey player currently playing for the Hannover Scorpions of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga. Goc played in the National Hockey League for the New Jersey Devils and the Tampa Bay Lightning...
, NHLThe National Hockey League is an unincorporated not-for-profit association which operates a major professional ice hockey league of 30 franchised member clubs, of which 7 are currently located in Canada and 23 in the United States...
player who played for the New Jersey DevilsThe New Jersey Devils are a professional ice hockey team based in Newark, New Jersey, United States. They are members of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League...
and the Tampa Bay LightningThe Tampa Bay Lightning are a professional ice hockey team based in Tampa, Florida. They are members of the Southeast Division of the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League . They have one Stanley Cup championship in their history, in 2003–04. They are often referred to as the...
.