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Câmpulung
 
 
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Câmpulung (also spelled Cîmpulung, ), or Câmpulung Muscel, is a city in the Arges County
Arges County

Arges is a county of Romania, in Wallachia, with the capital city at Pitesti....
, Wallachia
Wallachia

Wallachia or Walachia is a Historical regions of Romania and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians....
, Romania
Romania

Romania is a country located in Southeastern Europe Central Europe, North of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian Mountains, bordering on the Black Sea....
. It is situated among the outlying hills of the Transylvanian Alps, at the head of a long well-wooded glen traversed by the river Târgului, a tributary of the Arges
Arges River

Arges is a river of Southern Romania. It starts at the junction of headwater Buda River and Capra River in the Fagaras Mountains, in the Southern Carpathians and flows into the Danube at Oltenita....
.

Its pure air and fine scenery render Câmpulung a popular summer resort. In the city there are more than twenty churches, besides a monastery
Monastery

Monastery , a term derived from the Greek language word ???ast?????, neut. of ???ast????? - monasterios denotes the building, or complex of buildings, that houses a room reserved for prayer as well as the domestic quarters and workplace of Monk, whether monks or nuns, and whether living in Cenobium or alone ....
 and a cathedral
Cathedral

A cathedral is a Christian church that contains the seat of a bishop. It is a Religion building for worship, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy, such as the Roman Catholic Church, Anglicanism, Orthodox Christian and some Lutheranism churches, which serves as a bishop's seat, and thus as the central church of a dioc...
, which both claim to have been founded, in the 13th century by Radu Negru
Radu Negru

Radu Negru also known as Radu Voda , Radu Negru, or Negru Voda, was a legendary List of rulers of Wallachia.According to Romanian folklore, Radu would have been the founder and ruler of Wallachia at a date around 1290....
, legendary first Prince of Wallachia
Wallachia

Wallachia or Walachia is a Historical regions of Romania and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians....
.

ulung was one of the earliest urban settlements in Wallachia, the Transylvanian Saxons
Transylvanian Saxons

The Transylvanian Saxons are a people of ethnic German who settled in Transylvania from the 12th century onwards.The colonization of Transylvania by Germans was begun by King G?za II of Hungary ....
 contributing to its development by bringing the German
Ethnic German

Ethnic Germans , also collectively referred to as the German diaspora, are those who are considered, by themselves or others, to be of Germans origin ethnicity, not necessarily born or living within the present-day Germany, holding its citizenship or speaking the German language....
 urban culture.






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Encyclopedia


Câmpulung (also spelled Cîmpulung, ), or Câmpulung Muscel, is a city in the Arges County
Arges County

Arges is a county of Romania, in Wallachia, with the capital city at Pitesti....
, Wallachia
Wallachia

Wallachia or Walachia is a Historical regions of Romania and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians....
, Romania
Romania

Romania is a country located in Southeastern Europe Central Europe, North of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian Mountains, bordering on the Black Sea....
. It is situated among the outlying hills of the Transylvanian Alps, at the head of a long well-wooded glen traversed by the river Târgului, a tributary of the Arges
Arges River

Arges is a river of Southern Romania. It starts at the junction of headwater Buda River and Capra River in the Fagaras Mountains, in the Southern Carpathians and flows into the Danube at Oltenita....
.

Its pure air and fine scenery render Câmpulung a popular summer resort. In the city there are more than twenty churches, besides a monastery
Monastery

Monastery , a term derived from the Greek language word ???ast?????, neut. of ???ast????? - monasterios denotes the building, or complex of buildings, that houses a room reserved for prayer as well as the domestic quarters and workplace of Monk, whether monks or nuns, and whether living in Cenobium or alone ....
 and a cathedral
Cathedral

A cathedral is a Christian church that contains the seat of a bishop. It is a Religion building for worship, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy, such as the Roman Catholic Church, Anglicanism, Orthodox Christian and some Lutheranism churches, which serves as a bishop's seat, and thus as the central church of a dioc...
, which both claim to have been founded, in the 13th century by Radu Negru
Radu Negru

Radu Negru also known as Radu Voda , Radu Negru, or Negru Voda, was a legendary List of rulers of Wallachia.According to Romanian folklore, Radu would have been the founder and ruler of Wallachia at a date around 1290....
, legendary first Prince of Wallachia
Wallachia

Wallachia or Walachia is a Historical regions of Romania and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians....
.

History

Câmpulung was one of the earliest urban settlements in Wallachia, the Transylvanian Saxons
Transylvanian Saxons

The Transylvanian Saxons are a people of ethnic German who settled in Transylvania from the 12th century onwards.The colonization of Transylvania by Germans was begun by King G?za II of Hungary ....
 contributing to its development by bringing the German
Ethnic German

Ethnic Germans , also collectively referred to as the German diaspora, are those who are considered, by themselves or others, to be of Germans origin ethnicity, not necessarily born or living within the present-day Germany, holding its citizenship or speaking the German language....
 urban culture. The earliest written evidence of the town's existence is dated 1300, and is to be found in the Câmpulung church. The inscription is an epitaph
Epitaph

An epitaph is a short text honoring a deceased person, strictly speaking that inscribed on their tombstone or plaque, but also used figuratively....
 of Laurencius de Longo Campo, the mayor of the German community, the full text being Hic sepultus est comes Laurencius de Longo-Campo, pie memorie, Anno Domini MCCC ("Here is buried Laurentius of Longus-Campus, in pious memory, Anno Domini
Anno Domini

, abbreviated as 'AD' or 'A.D.', and 'Before Christ', abbreviated as 'BC' or 'B.C.', are designations used to number years in the Julian calendar and Gregorian calendars....
 1300").

Câmpulung was the first capital of the feudal state
Feudalism

Feudalism, a term first used in the early modern period , in its most classic sense refers to a Middle Ages European political system composed of a set of reciprocal law and military obligations among the warrior nobility, revolving around the three key concepts of lords, vassals, and fiefs....
 of Wallachia, until succeeded by Curtea de Arges
Curtea de Arges

Curtea de Arges is a city in Romania, situated on the right bank of the Arges River, where it flows through a valley of the lower Carpathian Mountains , on the railway from Pitesti to the Turnu Rosu Pass....
 in the 14th century. There was a considerable traffic with Transylvania
Transylvania

Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountains, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term frequently encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical regions of Crisana, Maramures, and Banat....
, over the Bran Pass, 15 miles to the north, and with the south by a branch railway to Ploiesti
Ploiesti

Ploiesti is the county seat of Prahova County and lies in the historical region of Wallachia, Romania. The city is located north of Bucharest....
.

Near Câmpulung are the remains of a Roman
Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
 camp; and just beyond the gates, vestiges a Roman colony, variously identified with Romula
Romula

Romula or Malva was an ancient city in Roman Dacia, nowadays being the village of Resca, Dobrosloveni Commune, Olt County, Romania It was the capital of Dacia Malvensis, one of the three subdivisions of the province of Dacia....
, Stepenium and Ulpia Traiana
Sarmizegetusa

Sarmizegetusa was the most important Dacian military, religious and political centre. Erected on top of a crag 1,200 metres high, the fortress was the core of the strategic defensive system in the Orastie Mountains , comprising six citadels....
, but now called Gradistea or Jidovi.

Population

  • 1900: 13,033
  • 2002: 38,209


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