Burkinabé parliamentary election, 1992
Encyclopedia
Parliamentary elections were held in Burkina Faso
on May 24, 1992, to elect all 107 members of the Assembly of People's Deputies. These were the first parliamentary elections held in the country after 1978, and the first to be held under the Constitution of 1991.
In 1991 President Blaise Compaoré
had allowed some openings towards a multi-party system
, various political parties (many of them in alliance with the President's Organization for Popular Democracy - Labour Movement
, ODP-MT) were established. But opposition parties were not satisfied with the pace of reforms. They called on the formation a sovereign national conference, which would govern the country until the holding of elections. Compaoré refused to bow to this demand, and presidential elections
were held in December (boycotted by the opposition, and held amid violent protests).
The parliamentary election had initially been called for January 9, 1991, but were postponed. However, between January and May the unity of the Coordination of Democratic Forces opposition coalition fell apart. Many of its constituents decided to contest the May 1992 election. In the end 27 political parties took part in the election. However, only four parties had candidates in all provinces
. Voter participation stood at 33.8%, which represented an increase from the 25% participation in the presidential election. According to international observers the elections were largely free and fair, whereas opposition parties claimed that there had been massive fraud.
The overwhelming majority of the elected MPs, 101 out of 107, were male. The new parliament had 17 teachers/school inspectors, 12 executives, 12 professors, 12 engineers, 5 physicians, 5 jurists, 5 economists and 5 businessmen, whilst the remaining 34 MPs belonged to other professional categories.
After the elections, Youssouf Ouedraogo
of ODP-MT became Prime Minister of the country. On June 20, 1992, a new seven-member cabinet was presented to the public.
Burkina Faso
Burkina Faso – also known by its short-form name Burkina – is a landlocked country in west Africa. It is surrounded by six countries: Mali to the north, Niger to the east, Benin to the southeast, Togo and Ghana to the south, and Côte d'Ivoire to the southwest.Its size is with an estimated...
on May 24, 1992, to elect all 107 members of the Assembly of People's Deputies. These were the first parliamentary elections held in the country after 1978, and the first to be held under the Constitution of 1991.
In 1991 President Blaise Compaoré
Blaise Compaoré
Blaise Compaoré has been the President of Burkina Faso since 1987 following a coup d'état that ousted then-President Thomas Sankara. In 2011, a mutiny by soldiers over unpaid housing allowances forced him to flee the capital for his hometown...
had allowed some openings towards a multi-party system
Multi-party system
A multi-party system is a system in which multiple political parties have the capacity to gain control of government separately or in coalition, e.g.The Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition in the United Kingdom formed in 2010. The effective number of parties in a multi-party system is normally...
, various political parties (many of them in alliance with the President's Organization for Popular Democracy - Labour Movement
Organization for Popular Democracy - Labour Movement
Organization for Popular Democracy - Labour Movement was the ruling political party in Burkina Faso. It was founded in April 1989 by the Union of Burkinabè Communists, the Revolutionary Military Organization and factions from Communist Struggle Union - The Flame and Burkinabè Communist Group as a...
, ODP-MT) were established. But opposition parties were not satisfied with the pace of reforms. They called on the formation a sovereign national conference, which would govern the country until the holding of elections. Compaoré refused to bow to this demand, and presidential elections
Burkinabé presidential election, 1991
Presidential elections were held in Burkina Faso on 1 December 1991. They were the first since 1978, but were boycotted by the opposition parties. Ultimately the result was a victory for the only candidate, incumbent President Blaise Compaoré, although voter turnout was just 27.3%.-Results:...
were held in December (boycotted by the opposition, and held amid violent protests).
The parliamentary election had initially been called for January 9, 1991, but were postponed. However, between January and May the unity of the Coordination of Democratic Forces opposition coalition fell apart. Many of its constituents decided to contest the May 1992 election. In the end 27 political parties took part in the election. However, only four parties had candidates in all provinces
Provinces of Burkina Faso
The regions of Burkina Faso are divided into 45 administrative provinces.List of Burkinabé provinces :Balé Bam Banwa Bazèga Bougouriba Boulgou...
. Voter participation stood at 33.8%, which represented an increase from the 25% participation in the presidential election. According to international observers the elections were largely free and fair, whereas opposition parties claimed that there had been massive fraud.
The overwhelming majority of the elected MPs, 101 out of 107, were male. The new parliament had 17 teachers/school inspectors, 12 executives, 12 professors, 12 engineers, 5 physicians, 5 jurists, 5 economists and 5 businessmen, whilst the remaining 34 MPs belonged to other professional categories.
After the elections, Youssouf Ouedraogo
Youssouf Ouédraogo
Youssouf Ouédraogo is a politician in Burkina Faso. In 1992 he became the first Prime Minister of Burkina Faso since 1983, serving from June 16, 1992 to March 22, 1994. From January 1999 to June 2007 he was the Minister of State for Foreign Affairs...
of ODP-MT became Prime Minister of the country. On June 20, 1992, a new seven-member cabinet was presented to the public.
Results
| Party | Votes | % | Seats |
|---|---|---|---|
| Organization for Popular Democracy – Labour Movement | 590,808 | 48.5 | 78 |
| National Convention of Progressive Patriots-Social Democratic Party | 146,530 | 12.0 | 12 |
| African Democratic Rally | 138,168 | 11.3 | 6 |
| Alliance for Democracy and Federation Alliance for Democracy and Federation The Alliance for Democracy and Federation is a liberal party in Burkina Faso. It is part of the Alliance for Democracy and Federation-African Democratic Rally , the largest opposition party in the country.-See also:*List of liberal... |
105,950 | 8.7 | 4 |
| African Independence Party African Independence Party (Burkina Faso) African Independence Party is a political party in Burkina Faso , led by Philippe Ouédraogo.It was a part of the Pan-African communist African Independence Party , which established its branch in Upper Volta in 1963. In 1973 PAI launched the Patriotic League for Development as its open mass front... |
50,418 | 4.1 | 2 |
| Burkinabé Socialist Bloc Burkinabè Socialist Bloc Burkinabé Socialist Bloc was a Sankarist political party in Burkina Faso. BSB was founded in December 1990 by Nongma Ernest Ouédraogo. Ouédraogo became the general secretary of BSB. Ouédraogo had been released from jail the previous year... |
28,667 | 2.4 | |
| Group of Patriotic Democrats Group of Patriotic Democrats The Group of Patriotic Democrats is a registered political party in Burkina Faso .The GDP is a leftist party founded in 1989.Its secretary general is Issa Tiendrebéogo.... |
22,820 | 1.9 | |
| Movement for Tolerance and Progress Movement for Tolerance and Progress Movement for Tolerance and Progress is a sankarist political party in Burkina Faso. It was founded in September 1987. It is led by Nayabtigungu Congo Kaboré.... |
22,050 | 1.8 | |
| Burkinabé Socialist Party Burkinabè Socialist Party Burkinabé Socialist Party was a political party in Burkina Faso. The PSB split from the PAI in the early 1990s. Its leader was Ouindélassida François Ouédraogo.... |
1 | ||
| Movement for Progressive Democrats | 1 | ||
| Movement for Socialist Democracy Movement for Socialist Democracy Movement for Socialist Democracy was a political party in Burkina Faso. The MDS surged when the Burkinabè Communist Group split in April 1989. In March 1991 it took the name MDS... |
1 | ||
| Rally of Social-Democrat Independents | 1 | ||
| Union of Social Democrats | 1 | ||
| New Social Democracy New Social Democracy New Social Democracy is a political party in Burkina Faso.Its secretary general is Mamadou Samba Barry.At the legislative elections in 1997 it won 0.1 % of the vote and no seats.... |
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| Union of Greens for the Development of Burkina Ecologist Party for the Development of Burkina The Ecological Party for the Development of Burkina is a political party in Burkina Faso founded in 2003.The president of the PEDB is Yacouba Touré. The party is a member of the Federation of Green Parties of Africa/Partis Verts de la Fédération en Afrique... |
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| Invalid/blank votes | 40,962 | ||
| Total | 1,260,107 | 100 | 107 |
| Source: Nohlen et al | |||