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Bulgarian Empire (Balgarsko tsarstvo ) is a term used to describe two periods in the medieval history of Bulgaria
Bulgaria

The state of Bulgaria , Scientific transliteration Balgarija, officially the Republic of Bulgaria has played a significant role in the Balkans in south-eastern Europe for over fourteen centuries....
, during which it acted as a key regional power in Europe
Europe

Europe is, conventionally, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural , the Caspian Sea, and by the Caucasus Mountains to the southeast....
 in general and in Southeastern Europe in particular, often rivalling Byzantium
Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Empire and Eastern Roman Empire are conventional names used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered on its capital of Constantinople....
.






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Ivan Alexander
Bulgarian Empire (Balgarsko tsarstvo ) is a term used to describe two periods in the medieval history of Bulgaria
Bulgaria

The state of Bulgaria , Scientific transliteration Balgarija, officially the Republic of Bulgaria has played a significant role in the Balkans in south-eastern Europe for over fourteen centuries....
, during which it acted as a key regional power in Europe
Europe

Europe is, conventionally, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural , the Caspian Sea, and by the Caucasus Mountains to the southeast....
 in general and in Southeastern Europe in particular, often rivalling Byzantium
Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Empire and Eastern Roman Empire are conventional names used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered on its capital of Constantinople....
. The two "Bulgarian Empires" are not treated as separate entities, but rather as one state restored after a period of Byzantine rule over its territory.

First Bulgarian Empire

The First Bulgarian Empire
First Bulgarian Empire

The First Bulgarian Empire was a medieval Bulgarian state founded in AD 632 in the lands near the Danube Delta and disintegrated in AD 1018 after its annexation to the Byzantine Empire....
 was established as a result of an expansion of Old Great Bulgaria
Old Great Bulgaria

Old Great Bulgaria or Great Bulgaria was ? term used by Byzantine historians to refer to the territories controlled by the Bulgars ruler Kubrat in the 7th century north of the Caucasus mountains in the steppe between the Dniester and Lower Volga....
 to the territory south of Danube River, and is usually described as having lasted between 681 (when its existence was acknowledged by Byzantium by means of a peace treaty) and 1018, when it was subjugated by the Byzantine Empire despite Samuil
Samuil of Bulgaria

Samuel was the Emperor of the First Bulgarian Empire from 997 to 6 October 1014. From 980 to 997, he was a general under Roman I of Bulgaria, the second surviving son of Emperor Peter I of Bulgaria, and co-ruled with him, as Roman bestowed upon him the command of the army and the effective royal authority....
's fierce resistance. It gradually reached its cultural and territorial apogee in the 9th century and early 10th century under Boris I
Boris I of Bulgaria

Boris I or sometimes Boris-Mihail , also known as Bogoris was the ruler of Bulgaria 852–889. At the time of his baptism in 864, Boris was named Michael after his godfather, Emperor Michael III....
 and Simeon the Great
Simeon I of Bulgaria

Simeon I the Great ruled over Bulgaria from 893 to 927, during the First Bulgarian Empire. Simeon's successful campaigns against the Byzantine Empire, Magyars and Serbs led Bulgaria to its greatest territorial expansion ever, making it the most powerful state in contemporary Eastern Europe....
, when it developed into the cultural and literary centre of Slavic Europe
Slavic Europe

Slavic Europe is a region of Eastern Europe where Slavic culture, including the Slavic languages and Orthodox Christianity, is prominent.Among those countries some divisions exist, based on cultural traditions, religion, history and political orientations in some cases dating back as far as 10th century....
, as well as one of the largest states in Europe.

Second Bulgarian Empire

The medieval Bulgarian state was restored as the Second Bulgarian Empire
Second Bulgarian Empire

The Second Bulgarian Empire was a medieval Bulgarian state which existed between 1185 and 1396 . A successor of the First Bulgarian Empire, it reached the peak of its power under Kaloyan of Bulgaria and Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria before gradually declining to be conquered by the Ottomans in the late 14th-early 15th century....
 after a successful uprising
Vlach-Bulgarian Rebellion

The Vlach-Bulgarian Rebellion was a revolt of the Bulgars and Vlachs living in the Byzantine Empire, caused by a tax increase. It began at the turn of the year 1185/1186 and ended with the creation of the Second Bulgarian Empire, ruled by the Asen dynasty....
 of two nobles from Tarnovo, Asen
Ivan Asen I of Bulgaria

Ivan Asen I ruled as emperor of Bulgaria 1189-1196. The year of his birth is unknown....
 and Peter, in 1185, and existed until it was conquered during the Ottoman
Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire , also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey , was an empire that lasted from 1299?1923. It was Treaty of Lausanne by the Republic of Turkey, which was officially proclaimed on October 29, 1923....
 invasion of the Balkans in the late 14th century, with the date of its subjugation usually given as 1396 or 1422. Under Ivan Asen II
Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria

Ivan Asen II , in English language sometimes known as John Asen II, ruled as Emperor of Bulgaria from 1218 to 1241, during the Second Bulgarian Empire....
 in the first half of the 13th century it gradually recovered much of its former power, though this did not last long due to internal problems and foreign invasions.

In 1878 the Bulgarian state was restored as the Ottoman vassal Principality of Bulgaria
Principality of Bulgaria

The Principality of Bulgaria was a state created as a vassal of the Ottoman Empire by the Treaty of Berlin, 1878 in 1878. The Treaty of San Stefano, between Russian Empire and the Porte on March 3, had originally proposed a much larger Bulgarian state comprising all ethnic Bulgarians in the Balkans....
. The independence of Bulgaria and its promotion to a Kingdom of Bulgaria
Kingdom of Bulgaria

The Kingdom of Bulgaria was established on October 5, 1908 when the Principality of Bulgaria officially Bulgarian Declaration of Independence from the Ottoman Empire and was elevated to the style of kingdom....
 was recognized by the Ottomans in 1908.

Maps


See also

  • First Bulgarian Empire
    First Bulgarian Empire

    The First Bulgarian Empire was a medieval Bulgarian state founded in AD 632 in the lands near the Danube Delta and disintegrated in AD 1018 after its annexation to the Byzantine Empire....
  • Second Bulgarian Empire
    Second Bulgarian Empire

    The Second Bulgarian Empire was a medieval Bulgarian state which existed between 1185 and 1396 . A successor of the First Bulgarian Empire, it reached the peak of its power under Kaloyan of Bulgaria and Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria before gradually declining to be conquered by the Ottomans in the late 14th-early 15th century....
  • History of Bulgaria
    History of Bulgaria

    The History of Bulgaria as a separate country began in 681 AD. After Old Great Bulgaria disintegrating due to Khazar expansion from the east, one of the the Bulgar leaders Asparuh crossed south of the Danube, into the territory of present-day Bulgaria, and defeated the armies of the Byzantine Empire....