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The Bulgarian Communist Party (????????? ?????????????? ?????? / Balgarska Komunisticheska Partiya) was the communist and marxist-leninist ruling party of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from 1946 until 1990 when the country ceased to be a Communist state
Communist state

Communist state is a term used by many political scientists to describe a form of government in which the state operates under a single-party state and declares allegiance to Marxism-Leninism or a derivative thereof....
. The Bulgarian Communist Party had dominated the Fatherland Front
Fatherland Front (Bulgaria)

The Fatherland Front was originally a Bulgarian political resistance movement during World War II. The Zveno movement, the communist Bulgarian Workers Party, a wing of the Agrarian Union and the Bulgarian Social Democratic Party, were all part of the FF....
 coalition
Coalition

A coalition is an Wiktionary:alliance among individuals, during which they cooperate in Joint venture, each in his own self-interest. Joining forces together for a common cause....
 that took power in 1944, late in World War II
World War II

World War II, or the Second World War , was a global military conflict which involved a Participants in World War II, including all of the great powers, organised into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War II and the Axis powers....
, after it led a coup against Bulgaria's tsarist government in conjunction with the Red Army
Red Army

The Red Army was the armed force first organized by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War in 1918 and, in 1922, became the army of the Soviet Union....
's crossing the border.






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The Bulgarian Communist Party (????????? ?????????????? ?????? / Balgarska Komunisticheska Partiya) was the communist and marxist-leninist ruling party of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from 1946 until 1990 when the country ceased to be a Communist state
Communist state

Communist state is a term used by many political scientists to describe a form of government in which the state operates under a single-party state and declares allegiance to Marxism-Leninism or a derivative thereof....
. The Bulgarian Communist Party had dominated the Fatherland Front
Fatherland Front (Bulgaria)

The Fatherland Front was originally a Bulgarian political resistance movement during World War II. The Zveno movement, the communist Bulgarian Workers Party, a wing of the Agrarian Union and the Bulgarian Social Democratic Party, were all part of the FF....
 coalition
Coalition

A coalition is an Wiktionary:alliance among individuals, during which they cooperate in Joint venture, each in his own self-interest. Joining forces together for a common cause....
 that took power in 1944, late in World War II
World War II

World War II, or the Second World War , was a global military conflict which involved a Participants in World War II, including all of the great powers, organised into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War II and the Axis powers....
, after it led a coup against Bulgaria's tsarist government in conjunction with the Red Army
Red Army

The Red Army was the armed force first organized by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War in 1918 and, in 1922, became the army of the Soviet Union....
's crossing the border. The party's origins lay in the Social Democratic and Labour Party of Bulgaria, known as the Tesnyatsi (Tesni socialisti, tesni means narrow), which was founded in 1903 after a split in the Social-Democratic Party. The party's founding leader was Dimitar Blagoev
Dimitar Blagoev

Dimitar Blagoev Nikolov was a Bulgarian political leader, the founder of Bulgarian socialism and of the first social democratic party in the Balkans....
 and its subsequent leaders included Georgi Dimitrov
Georgi Dimitrov

Georgi Dimitrov Mikhaylov , also known as Georgi Mikhaylovich Dimitrov , was a Bulgarian Communism leader....
. The party opposed World War I
World War I

World War I, or the First World War , was a global military conflict which involved the Great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War I and the Central Powers....
, was sympathetic to the October Revolution in Russia
Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
 and applied to join the Communist International upon its founding in 1919. Upon joining the Comintern the party was reorganised as the Communist Party of Bulgaria. Dimitrov was a member of the party's Central Committee
Central Committee

Central Committee most commonly refers to the central executive unit of a Leninist or Communist party, whether ruling or non-ruling. In a Communist party, the Central Committee is made up of delegates elected at a Party Congress....
 from its inception until his death in 1949 also serving as Bulgaria's leader from 1946.

In 1938 the party merged with the Workers' Party to become the Bulgarian Workers Party. In 1948 the BWP merged with the Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party to become the Bulgarian Communist Party once again.

Following Dimitrov's sudden death, the party was led by Vulko Chervenkov
Vulko Chervenkov

Vulko Velev Chervenkov was a Bulgarian Communism politician.Chervenkov was born in Zlatitsa, Bulgaria. He became a communist in 1919 and participated in communist youth group activities and newspaper editing....
, a hard-line Stalinist who oversaw a number of party purge
Purge

In history and political science, a purge is the removal of people who are considered undesirable by those in power from a government, from another organisation, or from society as a whole....
s under Moscow
Moscow

Moscow is the capital and the largest types of inhabited localities in Russia of the Russian Federation. It is also the largest European cities and metropolitan areas, with the Moscow metropolitan area ranking among the largest urban areas in the world....
's guidance. The party joined the Cominform
Cominform

Cominform is the common name for what was officially referred to as the Information Bureau of the Communism and Workers' Parties. It was the first official forum of the international communist movement since the dissolution of the Comintern, and confirmed the new realities after World War II - including the creation of an Eastern Bloc....
 at its inception in 1948 and conducted purges against suspected Titoites
Titoism

Titoism is an adaptation of Communism ideology named after Josip Broz Tito, leader of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, primarily used to describe the specific socialist system built in Yugoslavia after its refusal of the 1948 Resolution of the Cominform, when the Communist Party of Yugoslavia refused to take further dictates fro...
 following the expulsion of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia from the alliance. Thousands of suspect party members and suspected counterrevolutionaries outside of the party were imprisoned. In March 1954, one year after Stalin's death, Chervenkov was deposed.

From 1954 until 1989 the party was led by Todor Zhivkov
Todor Zhivkov

Todor Hristov Zhivkov was a communist politician and leader of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from March 4, 1954 until November 10, 1989....
, who was staunchly supportive of the Soviet Union
Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a Constitution of the Soviet Union socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.The name is a translation of the , romanization of Russian Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik, abbreviated ????, SSSR....
 and remained close to its leadership after Nikita Khrushchev
Nikita Khrushchev

Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, following the death of Joseph Stalin, and Premier of the Soviet Union from 1958 to 1964....
 was deposed by Leonid Brezhnev
Leonid Brezhnev

Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev was General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1964 to 1982, serving in that position longer than anyone other than Joseph Stalin....
. The demands for reform which swept Eastern Europe
Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe is a term that applies to the geopolitical region encompassing the easternmost part of the Europe. Throughout history and to a lesser extent today, parts of Eastern Europe has been distinguishable from Western Europe and other regions due to cultural, religious, economic, and historical reasons, even though there i...
 in 1989 forced Zhivkov's resignation and the party moved in a more moderate direction, abandoning Marxism-Leninism
Marxism-Leninism

Marxism-Leninism is a communist ideology stream that emerged as the mainstream tendency among the Communist parties in the 1920s as it was adopted as the ideological foundation of the Communist International during Stalin's era....
 in 1990 and renaming itself the Bulgarian Socialist Party
Bulgarian Socialist Party

The Bulgarian Socialist Party is a political party in Bulgaria and successor to the Bulgarian Communist Party. It was formed in 1990 in Post-Communism Bulgaria, following the decision of the Bulgarian Communist Party to abandon Marxism-Leninism....
 (BSP).

A number of old Communists established several splinter parties with an insignificant number of members. One of these parties named Communist Party of Bulgaria
Communist Party of Bulgaria

Communist Party of Bulgaria is a communist party in Bulgaria led by Alexander Paunov. The party was founded in 1996 as the Communist Party....
 (Komunisticeska Partija na Balgarija) is nowadays a party led by Alexander Paunov
Alexander Paunov

Aleksandar Dimitrov Paunov , is a Bulgarian politician, member of the Bulgarian National Assembly, and the leader of the current Communist Party of Bulgaria....
. It is part of the Coalition for Bulgaria
Coalition for Bulgaria

The Coalition for Bulgaria is an political party in Bulgaria, led by the Bulgarian Socialist Party.The coalition won in the 2001 elections 17.1 % of the popular vote and 48 out of 240 seats....
, an alliance led by the Bulgarian Socialist Party
Bulgarian Socialist Party

The Bulgarian Socialist Party is a political party in Bulgaria and successor to the Bulgarian Communist Party. It was formed in 1990 in Post-Communism Bulgaria, following the decision of the Bulgarian Communist Party to abandon Marxism-Leninism....
. The coalition won in the 2001 elections 17.1% of the popular vote and 48 out of 240 seats. At the last legislative elections
Elections in Bulgaria

Elections in Bulgaria gives information on election and election results in politics of Bulgaria.Bulgaria elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature....
, held on 25 June 2005, the Coalition won 34.2% of the popular vote and 82 out of 240 seats.

See also

  • History of Bulgaria
    History of Bulgaria

    The History of Bulgaria as a separate country began in 681 AD. After Old Great Bulgaria disintegrating due to Khazar expansion from the east, one of the the Bulgar leaders Asparuh crossed south of the Danube, into the territory of present-day Bulgaria, and defeated the armies of the Byzantine Empire....