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British Residency of the Persian Gulf

 
British Residency of the Persian Gulf

 
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British Residency of the Persian Gulf
 
 
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From 1763 until 1971, the United Kingdom
United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom , the UK or Britain,is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe....
 maintained varying degrees of political control over some Persian Gulf
Persian Gulf

The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region, is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula. Historically and commonly known as the Persian Gulf, this body of water is sometimes Persian Gulf naming dispute referred to as the Arabian Gulf by certain Arab countries or simply The Gulf, although nei...
 states, including the United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates

The United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven states situated in the southeast of the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman and Saudi Arabia....
 (originally called the "Trucial Coast States" at that time) and at various times Bahrain
Bahrain

The Kingdom of Bahrain, in , , literally Kingdom of the Two Seas).Bahrain is an Arabic island country in the Persian Gulf ruled by the Al Khalifa regime....
, Kuwait
Kuwait

The State of Kuwait is a sovereign Arab emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed by Saudi Arabia to the south and Iraq to the north and west....
, Oman
Oman

Oman , officially the Sultanate of Oman , is an Arab country in southwest Asia on the southeast coast of the Arabian Peninsula. It borders the United Arab Emirates on the northwest, Saudi Arabia on the west and Yemen on the southwest....
, and Qatar
Qatar

Qatar , officially the State of Qatar , is an Arab emirate in Southwest Asia, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the larger Arabian Peninsula....
.



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Istakhri Map 2
From 1763 until 1971, the United Kingdom
United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom , the UK or Britain,is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe....
 maintained varying degrees of political control over some Persian Gulf
Persian Gulf

The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region, is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula. Historically and commonly known as the Persian Gulf, this body of water is sometimes Persian Gulf naming dispute referred to as the Arabian Gulf by certain Arab countries or simply The Gulf, although nei...
 states, including the United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates

The United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven states situated in the southeast of the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman and Saudi Arabia....
 (originally called the "Trucial Coast States" at that time) and at various times Bahrain
Bahrain

The Kingdom of Bahrain, in , , literally Kingdom of the Two Seas).Bahrain is an Arabic island country in the Persian Gulf ruled by the Al Khalifa regime....
, Kuwait
Kuwait

The State of Kuwait is a sovereign Arab emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed by Saudi Arabia to the south and Iraq to the north and west....
, Oman
Oman

Oman , officially the Sultanate of Oman , is an Arab country in southwest Asia on the southeast coast of the Arabian Peninsula. It borders the United Arab Emirates on the northwest, Saudi Arabia on the west and Yemen on the southwest....
, and Qatar
Qatar

Qatar , officially the State of Qatar , is an Arab emirate in Southwest Asia, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the larger Arabian Peninsula....
.

  • 1763: British Residency established at Bushire in Persia by the British East India Company
    British East India Company

    The East India Company was an early England joint-stock company that was formed initially for pursuing trade with the Indies, but that ended up trading with the Indian subcontinent and China....
    .
  • 8 Jan 1820 - 15 Mar 1820:Treaty with the "Trucial Coast States" and Bahrain
    Bahrain

    The Kingdom of Bahrain, in , , literally Kingdom of the Two Seas).Bahrain is an Arabic island country in the Persian Gulf ruled by the Al Khalifa regime....
    , abolishing slave trade and forbidding piracy
    Piracy

    Piracy is a warlike act committed by a foreign nonstate actor, especially robbery or crime committed at sea, on a river, or sometimes on shore, either from a vessel flying no national flag, or one flying a national flag but without authorization from a nation....
     and warfare between the states (This last point was never fully implemented).
  • 1822: Persian Gulf Residency established by Britain.
  • 1822 - 1873: Subordinated to the Governor of Bombay.
  • 1835: Treaty with the Trucial States, installing a truce of six months a year, during the pearling season.
  • 1843: Treaty renews the treaty of 1835 for ten years.
  • 1853:Treaty with Trucial States, renewing the treaty of 1835 for an unlimited period.
  • 1873 - 1947: Subordinate to British India (from 1946 resident in Bahrain).
  • 1861: Protectorate
    Protectorate

    A protectorate, in international law, is an autonomous territory that is protected diplomatically or militarily against third parties by a stronger state or entity, in exchange for which the protectorate usually accepts specified obligations, which may vary greatly, depending on the real nature of their relationship....
     treaty with Bahrain (completed by treaties of 2 Dec 1880 and 1892).
  • 8 Mar 1892: Informal protectorate with Oman
    Oman

    Oman , officially the Sultanate of Oman , is an Arab country in southwest Asia on the southeast coast of the Arabian Peninsula. It borders the United Arab Emirates on the northwest, Saudi Arabia on the west and Yemen on the southwest....
     and formal protectorate with the Trucial States.
  • 1899: Protectorate treaty with Kuwait (completed 3 Nov 1914).
  • 3 Nov 1916: Protectorate treaty with Qatar
    Qatar

    Qatar , officially the State of Qatar , is an Arab emirate in Southwest Asia, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the larger Arabian Peninsula....
    .
  • 16 Dec 1971: End of British protectorate presence in the Persian Gulf.


Agents:

  • 1763 - 1812 :....
  • c.1798 : Mirza Mahdi Ali Khan
  • c.1810 : Hankey Smith
  • 1812 - 1822 :William Bruce (acting to 1813)


Chief political residents of the Persian Gulf :
  • 1822 - 1823 :John Mcleod
  • 1823 - 1827 :Ephraim Gerrish Stannus
  • 1827 - 1831 :David Wilson
  • 1831 - 1835 :David Alexander Blane
  • 1835 - 1838 :James Morrison
  • 1838 - 1852 :Samuel Hennell
  • 1852 - 1856 :Arnold Burrowes Kemball
  • 1856 - 1862 :James Felix Jones
  • 1862 : Herbert Frederick Disbrowe (acting)
  • 1862 - 1872: Lewis Pelly
    Lewis Pelly

    Sir Lewis Pelly, Order of the Star of India, , was Conservative Party Member of Parliament for Hackney North from 1885 to 1892 and an British East India Company officer....
     
  • 1872 - 1891: Edward Charles Ross
  • 1891 - 1893 :Adelbert Cecil Talbot
  • 1893 : Stuart Hill Godfrey (acting)
  • 1893 : James Hayes Sadler
    James Hayes Sadler

    Colonel Sir James Hayes Sadler, Order of St Michael and St George, Order of the Bath was a British diplomacy and civil servant.In 1854 Sadler was commissioned into the Artillery Battalion of the Royal Sussex Militia ....
     (1st time)(acting)
  • 1893:James Adair Crawford
    James Adair Crawford

    James Adair Crawford was a civil servant of the British Empire, in 1893 he served as the Persian Gulf Residency . Three years later in 1896 he also served as the acting Chief Commissioner of Balochistan , British India....
     (acting)
  • 1893 - 1894 :James Hayes Sadler (2nd time)(acting)
  • 1894 - 1897 :Frederick Alexander Wilson
  • 1897 - 1900 :Malcolm John Meade
  • 1900 - 1904 :Charles Arnold Kemball (acting)
  • 1904 - 1920: Percy Zachariah Cox
- Acting for Cox -
  • 1913 - 1914 :John Gordon Lorimer
  • 1914 : Richard Lockinton Birdwood
  • 1914 : Stuart George Knox (1st time)
  • 1915 : Stuart George Knox (2nd time)
  • 1915 - 1917 :Arthur Prescott Trevor (1st time)
  • 1917 - 1919 :John Hugo Bill
  • 1919 : Cecil Hamilton Gabriel
  • 1919 - 1920: Arthur Prescott Trevor (2nd time)
Chief Political Residents : *1920:Arnold Talbot Wilson (acting) *1920 - 1924 :Arthur Prescott Trevor *1924 - 1927 :Francis Bellville Prideaux *1927 - 1928 :Lionel Berkeley Holt Haworth *1928 - 1929 :Frderick William Johnston *1929 : Cyril Charles Johnson Barrett (acting) *1929 - 1932: Hugh Vincent Biscoe *1932 - 1939: Trenchard Craven William Fowle *1939 - 1946: Charles Geoffrey Prior *1946 - 1953:William Rupert Hay(from 1952, Sir William) *22 Oct 1953 - 1958: Bernard Alexander Brocas Burrows
Bernard Alexander Brocas Burrows

Sir Bernard Alexander Brocas Burrows was a United Kingdom diplomat.Burrows studied at Eton College and Trinity College, Oxford in Oxford. In 1934, after two years spent learning languages in France, Austria and Italy, he entered the Foreign Service....
(from 1955, Sir Bernard) *1958 - 1961 Sir George Humphrey Middleton *1961 - 1966 Sir William Henry Tucker Luce *1966 - 1970 Sir Robert Stewart Crawford *1970 - 15 Aug 1971: Sir Geoffrey Arthur