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BosWash
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BosWash (also referred to as BoWash, BosNYwash, the Northeast Corridor, or simply the Northeast megalopolis) is a group of metropolitan areas in the northeastern United States, extending from Boston, Massachusetts, to Washington, D.C., including Manchester, New Hampshire; Worcester, Massachusetts; Springfield, Massachusetts; Providence, Rhode Island; Bridgeport, Hartford, New Haven and Stamford, Connecticut; New York City; Camden, Jersey City and Newark, New Jersey; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Wilmington, Delaware; and Baltimore, Maryland.

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Encyclopedia
BosWash (also referred to as BoWash, BosNYwash, the Northeast Corridor, or simply the Northeast megalopolis) is a group of metropolitan areas in the northeastern United States, extending from Boston, Massachusetts, to Washington, D.C., including Manchester, New Hampshire; Worcester, Massachusetts; Springfield, Massachusetts; Providence, Rhode Island; Bridgeport, Hartford, New Haven and Stamford, Connecticut; New York City; Camden, Jersey City and Newark, New Jersey; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Wilmington, Delaware; and Baltimore, Maryland. The geographic trend was first identified in French geographer Jean Gottmann's book Megalopolis: The Urbanized Northeastern Seaboard of the United States (1961).
Taking into account the adjacent localities as well as the main cities, the area stretching from Lewiston, Maine to Fredericksburg, Virginia is essentially a contiguously inhabited corridor that is home to more than 55 million people (based on 2006 population estimates). Were this region a separate country, it would be the 24th most-populous in the world, almost as large as the United Kingdom or Italy.
According to Gottmann, BosWash "provides the whole of America with so many essential services, of the sort a community used to obtain in its 'downtown' section, that it may well deserve the nickname of Main Street of the nation." He identified two other megalopolises in the U.S. – ChiPitts and SanSan – but these terms did not achieve wide use.
In an attempt to update Gottmann's work with current trends, Virginia Tech's Metropolitan Institute outlined a "Northeast" megapolitan area extending beyond Boston and Washington, past Portland, Maine and Richmond, Virginia, and describes it as one of ten such areas in the United States.
Extent
BosWash extends from extreme southern Maine and New Hampshire – Boston's suburbs – south to Northern Virginia, Washington D.C.'s suburbs.
Demographics
It has a population of 55 million, or 18 percent of the population of the United States (living on only 2% of the nation's land) and about 0.8 percent of the world population. The region has three global cities (New York City, Washington, and Boston), two developing global cities (Philadelphia and Baltimore), and four of the world's 100 largest metropolitan areas (New York, Boston, Philadelphia, and Baltimore-Washington). Over the next generation, the region will add 18 million new residents.
Economy
The region accounts for 20% of the U.S. Gross Domestic Product. Were the region a separate country, it would rank either as the 4th (nominal) or 5th (purchasing power parity) largest economy in the world. The region is home to the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ, the White House and United States Capitol, the UN Headquarters, Comcast, the headquarters of ABC, NBC, CBS, FOX, ESPN, the New York Times Company, and The Washington Post. The headquarters of many major financial companies – such as State Street, Citigroup, and Fidelity – are located within the region, which is home to 54 of the Fortune Global 500 companies. The region is also the center of the global hedge fund industry, with 47.9% of $2.48 trillion of hedge fund assets being managed in its cities and suburbs.
Education
Six of the eight Ivy League Universities are located in the region: Brown University, Columbia University, Harvard University, Princeton University, University of Pennsylvania and Yale University. Also present are Georgetown University, Tufts University, Boston College, Boston University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Fordham University, New York University and Johns Hopkins University, as well as numerous elite liberal arts schools such as Amherst College, Swarthmore College and Haverford College.
Cornell University and Dartmouth College, the other two Ivy League schools, are located just outside the region.
Transportation
Amtrak's fastest train, the Acela Express, runs on the Northeast Corridor, an electrified rail line extending the length of the BosWash area. Interstate 95 is a major transportation route within the BosWash area.
List of major cities from north to south
The major cities in the BosWash megalopolis include the following (listed by state north to south, alphabetically within each state, largest populated cities in bold):
- Maine - Portland
- New Hampshire - Manchester, Nashua
- Massachusetts - Boston, Cambridge, Fall River, Lowell, New Bedford, Springfield, Worcester
- Rhode Island - Cranston, East Providence, Newport, Pawtucket, Providence,
- Connecticut - Bridgeport, Hartford, New Haven, New London, Norwalk, Stamford, Waterbury
- New York - New York City, Yonkers
- New Jersey - Atlantic City, Camden, Elizabeth, Jersey City, Newark, New Brunswick, Paterson, Trenton
- Pennsylvania - Allentown, Philadelphia, Reading
- Delaware - Wilmington
- Maryland - Annapolis, Baltimore, Columbia
- District of Columbia - Washington
- Virginia - Alexandria, Arlington, Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk, Richmond, Virginia Beach
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Several smaller metropolitan areas near the southwestern end of the corridor, including Harrisburg, Lancaster, Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, and York, Pennsylvania and Frederick and Hagerstown, Maryland are also sometimes considered part of the region, though opinions vary from geographer to geographer as to which cities are included or excluded.
Population statistics
Combined Statistical Area (CSA) | State(s) | Estimate 2006 | Census 2000 | Growth 1990s |
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| New York-Newark-Bridgeport | NY-NJ-CT-PA | 21,976,224 | 21,361,797 | 8.4% | | Washington-Baltimore-N. Virginia | DC-MD-VA-WV | 8,211,213 | 7,572,647 | 13.1% | | Boston-Worcester-Manchester | MA-NH-RI | 7,465,634 | 7,298,695 | 6.9% | | Philadelphia-Camden-Vineland | PA-NJ-DE-MD | 6,382,714 | 6,207,223 | 4.7% | | Combined | | 44,035,785 | 42,440,362 | |
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Included or neighboring MSAs not in a CSA
Rank (US) | Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) | State (s) | Estimate 2006/7/1 |
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| 33 | Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News | VA | 1,649,457 | | 43 | Richmond | VA | 1,194,008 | | 44 | Hartford-W. Hartford-E. Hartford | CT | 1,188,841 | | 59 | Albany-Schenectady-Troy | NY | 845,269 | | 62 | Allentown - Bethlehem - Easton | PA-NJ | 803,844 | | 70 | Springfield | MA | 686,174 | | 86 | Scranton--Wilkes-Barre | PA | 550,841 | | 91 | Harrisburg - Carlisle | PA | 525,380 | | 96 | Portland-S. Portland-Biddeford | ME | 510,791 | | 99 | Lancaster | PA | 513,667 | | 117 | York-Hanover | PA | 401,613 | | 121 | Reading | PA | 416,322 | | 164 | Atlantic City | NJ | 271,620 | | 166 | Norwich-New London | CT | 263,293 | | 169 | Hagerstown-Martinsburg | MD-WV | 257,619 | | 183 | Barnstable | MA | 224,816 | | 216 | Charlottesville | VA | 190,278 | | 254 | Bangor | ME | 147,180 | | 268 | Dover | DE | 147,601 | | 275 | Pittsfield | MA | 131,117 | | 288 | Lebanon | PA | 126,883 | | 302 | Winchester | VA-WV | 121,190 | | 311 | Harrisonburg | VA | 113,449 | | 327 | Lewiston-Auburn | ME | 107,552 | | | Ocean City | NJ | 97,724 | | | Combined non-CSA MSAs | | 11,154,833 | | | Combined CSAs and MSAs | | 55,190,618 |
See also
Other megalopolises
In fiction
- Mega-City One, a science fiction megalopolis based on BosWash from the Judge Dredd series
- The Sprawl, a science fiction extension of BosWash which extends from Boston to Atlanta from the books of William Gibson; officially known as "Bama" or the "Boston-Atlanta Metropolitan Axis"
External links
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