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Bioengineering

 
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Bioengineering
 
 
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Bioengineering (also known as Biological Engineering) is the application of engineering
Engineering

Engineering is the discipline and profession of applying Technology and science knowledge and utilizing natural laws and physical resources in order to design and implement materials, structures, machines, devices, systems, and process that safely realize a desired objective and meet specified criteria....
 principles to address challenges in the fields of biology
Biology

Biology is a branch of the natural sciences concerned with the study of living organisms and their interaction with each other and their environment ....
 and medicine
Medicine

Medicine is the art and science of healing. It encompasses a range of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....
. As a study, it encompasses biomedical engineering
Biomedical engineering

Biomedical engineering is the application of engineering principles and techniques to the medical field. It combines the design and problem solving skills of engineering with medical and biological sciences to help improve patient health care and the quality of life of individuals....
 and it is related to biotechnology
Biotechnology

Biotechnology is technology based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science, and medicine. United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity defines biotechnology as:...
.

Bioengineering applies engineering principles to the full spectrum of living systems. This is achieved by utilising existing methodologies in such fields as molecular biology
Molecular biology

Molecular biology is the study of biology at a molecule level. The field overlaps with other areas of biology and chemistry, particularly genetics and biochemistry....
, biochemistry
Biochemistry

Biochemistry is the study of the chemistry processes in living organisms. It deals with the structure and function of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules....
, microbiology
Microbiology

Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, which are unicellular or cell-cluster microscopic organisms. This includes eukaryote such as fungi and protists, and prokaryotes, which are bacteria and archaea....
, pharmacology
Pharmacology

Pharmacology is the study of drug action. More specifically it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and exogenous chemicals that alter normal biochemical function....
, cytology
Cytology

Cytology means "the study of cell s".Cytology is that branch of life science, which deals with the study of cells in terms of structure, function and chemistry....
, immunology
Immunology

Immunology is a broad branch of biomedical science science that covers the study of all aspects of the immune system in all organisms. It deals with, among other things, the physiology functioning of the immune system in states of both health and disease; malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders ; the physical, chemical an...
 and neuroscience
Neuroscience

Neuroscience is a field devoted to the scientific study of the nervous system. The Society for Neuroscience was founded in 1969, but the study of the brain started a long time ago....
 and applies them to the design of medical devices, diagnostic equipment, biocompatible materials, and other important medical needs.

Bioengineering is not limited to the medical field.






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Encyclopedia


Bioengineering (also known as Biological Engineering) is the application of engineering
Engineering

Engineering is the discipline and profession of applying Technology and science knowledge and utilizing natural laws and physical resources in order to design and implement materials, structures, machines, devices, systems, and process that safely realize a desired objective and meet specified criteria....
 principles to address challenges in the fields of biology
Biology

Biology is a branch of the natural sciences concerned with the study of living organisms and their interaction with each other and their environment ....
 and medicine
Medicine

Medicine is the art and science of healing. It encompasses a range of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....
. As a study, it encompasses biomedical engineering
Biomedical engineering

Biomedical engineering is the application of engineering principles and techniques to the medical field. It combines the design and problem solving skills of engineering with medical and biological sciences to help improve patient health care and the quality of life of individuals....
 and it is related to biotechnology
Biotechnology

Biotechnology is technology based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science, and medicine. United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity defines biotechnology as:...
.

Bioengineering applies engineering principles to the full spectrum of living systems. This is achieved by utilising existing methodologies in such fields as molecular biology
Molecular biology

Molecular biology is the study of biology at a molecule level. The field overlaps with other areas of biology and chemistry, particularly genetics and biochemistry....
, biochemistry
Biochemistry

Biochemistry is the study of the chemistry processes in living organisms. It deals with the structure and function of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules....
, microbiology
Microbiology

Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, which are unicellular or cell-cluster microscopic organisms. This includes eukaryote such as fungi and protists, and prokaryotes, which are bacteria and archaea....
, pharmacology
Pharmacology

Pharmacology is the study of drug action. More specifically it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and exogenous chemicals that alter normal biochemical function....
, cytology
Cytology

Cytology means "the study of cell s".Cytology is that branch of life science, which deals with the study of cells in terms of structure, function and chemistry....
, immunology
Immunology

Immunology is a broad branch of biomedical science science that covers the study of all aspects of the immune system in all organisms. It deals with, among other things, the physiology functioning of the immune system in states of both health and disease; malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders ; the physical, chemical an...
 and neuroscience
Neuroscience

Neuroscience is a field devoted to the scientific study of the nervous system. The Society for Neuroscience was founded in 1969, but the study of the brain started a long time ago....
 and applies them to the design of medical devices, diagnostic equipment, biocompatible materials, and other important medical needs.

Bioengineering is not limited to the medical field. Bioengineers have the ability to exploit new opportunities and solve problems within the domain of complex systems. They have a great understanding of living systems as complex systems which can be applied to many fields including entrepreneurship.

Much as other engineering disciplines also address human health (e.g., prosthetics in mechanical engineering
Mechanical engineering

Mechanical Engineering is an engineering discipline that involves the application of physics#branches of physics for analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of machine....
), bioengineers can apply their expertise to other applications of engineering and biotechnology
Biotechnology

Biotechnology is technology based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science, and medicine. United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity defines biotechnology as:...
, including genetic modification of plants and microorganisms, bioprocess engineering, and biocatalysis. However, the Main Fields of Bioengineering may be categorised as:

  • Biomedical Engineering
    Biomedical engineering

    Biomedical engineering is the application of engineering principles and techniques to the medical field. It combines the design and problem solving skills of engineering with medical and biological sciences to help improve patient health care and the quality of life of individuals....
    ; Biomedical technology
    Biomedical technology

    of engineering and technology principles to the domain of living or biological systems. Usually biomedical denotes a greater stress on problems related to human health and diseases....
    ; Biomedical Diagnosis, Biomedical Therapy, Biomechanics, Biomaterials.
  • Genetic Engineering
    Genetic engineering

    Engineering There are a number of ways through which genetic engineering is accomplished. Essentially, the process has five main steps# Isolation of the genes of interest...
    ; Cell Engineering, Tissue Culture Engineering.


The word was invented by British scientist and broadcaster Heinz Wolff
Heinz Wolff

Professor Heinz Wolff BSc. FIEE. FIBES FRCP FRSA is a German people-United Kingdom scientist, and television and radio presenter. He is best known for his television and radio work, including the TV series The Great Egg Race....
 in 1954.

"Bioengineering" is also the term used to describe the use of vegetation
Vegetation

refers to the flora system of a specific region....
 in civil engineering
Civil engineering

Civil engineering is a Professional Engineer discipline that deals with the design, construction and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works such as bridges, roads, canals, dams and buildings....
 construction
Construction

In the fields of architecture and civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure. Far from being a single activity, large scale construction is a feat of multitasking....
.

The term bioengineering may also be applied to environmental modifications such as surface soil protection, slope stabilisation, watercourse and shoreline protection, windbreaks, vegetation barriers including noise barriers and visual screens, and the ecological enhancement of an area.

See also

  • Advanced life support system
    Life support system

    In human spaceflight, the life support system is a group of devices that allow a human being to survive in outer space. NASA often uses the phrase Environmental Control and Life Support System or the acronym ECLSS when describing these systems for its human spaceflight missions....
    s
  • Agricultural engineering
    Agricultural engineering

    Agricultural poopis a discipline that combines engineering science and agricultural knowledge in order to ensure food security. Agricultural engineers deal with the development and improvement of cultivation methods and livestock production systems as well as processing engineering....
  • Bio-based material
    Bio-based material

    A bio-based material is simply an engineering material made from substances derived from living matter. These materials are sometimes referred to as biomaterials, but this word also has another meaning....
    s
  • Biocatalysis
    Biocatalysis

    Biocatalysis can be defined as utilization of natural catalysts, such as protein enzymes, to perform chemical transformations on organic compounds....
  • Biocompatible material
    Biocompatible material

    In surgery, a biocompatible material is a synthetic or natural material used to replace part of a living system or to function in intimate contact with living biological tissue....
     (Biomaterials)
  • Bioinformatics
    Bioinformatics

    Bioinformatics is the application of information technology to the field of molecular biology. The term bioinformatics was coined by Paulien Hogeweg in 1978 for the study of informatic processes in biotic systems....
  • Biomaterials
  • Biomechanics
    Biomechanics

    Biomechanics is the application of mechanical principles to living organisms. This includes bioengineering, the research and analysis of the mechanics of living organisms and the application of engineering principles to and from biological systems....
  • Bionics
    Bionics

    Bionics is the application of biological Scientific method and systems found in nature to the study and design of engineering systems and modern technology....
  • Biosensor
    Biosensor

    A biosensor is a device for the detection of an analyte that combines a biological component with a physicochemical detector component.It consists of 3 parts:...
    s
  • Biotechnology
    Biotechnology

    Biotechnology is technology based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science, and medicine. United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity defines biotechnology as:...
  • Cryobiology
    Cryobiology

    Cryobiology is the branch of biology that studies the effects of low temperatures on living things. The word cryobiology is derived from the Greek words "cryo" = cold, "bios" = life, and "logos" = science....
  • Drug delivery
    Drug delivery

    Drug delivery is the method or process of administering a pharmaceutical compound to achieve a therapeutic effect in humans or animals . Drug Delivery technologies are patent protected formulation technologies that modifies drug release profile, absorption, distribution and elimination for the benefit of improving product efficacy & safety a...
  • Metabolic engineering
    Metabolic engineering

    Metabolic engineering is the practice of optimizing genetics and Cellular regulation processes within Cell to increase the cells' production of a certain substance....
  • Molecular engineering
    Molecular engineering

    Molecular engineering is any means of manufacturing molecules. It may be used to create, on an extremely small scale, most typically one at a time, new molecules which may not exist in nature, or be stable beyond a very narrow range of conditions....
  • Neural Network
    Neural network

    Traditionally, the term neural network had been used to refer to a network or circuit of neuron. The modern usage of the term often refers to artificial neural networks, which are composed of artificial neurons or nodes....
  • Neuroengineering
  • Orthopedic implants
  • Production and purification of biopharmaceutical
    Biopharmaceutical

    Biopharmaceuticals are medical drugs produced using biotechnology. They are proteins , nucleic acids used for therapeutic or in vivo diagnostic purposes, and are produced by means other than direct extraction from a native organism source....
    s
  • Protein design
    Protein design

    Protein design is the design of new protein molecules from scratch, or the deliberate design of a new molecule by making calculated variations on a known structure....
  • Stem cell
    Stem cell

    Stem cells are Cell found in most, if not all, multi-cellular organisms. They are characterized by the ability to renew themselves through Mitosis cell division and Cellular differentiation into a diverse range of specialized cell types....
     research
  • Synthetic biology
    Synthetic biology

    Synthetic biology is a new area of biology research that combines science and engineering in order to design and build novel biological functions and systems....
  • Systems biology
    Systems biology

    Systems biology is a biology-based inter-disciplinary study field that focuses on the systematic study of complex interactions in biological systems, thus using a new perspective to study them....
  • Tissue Engineering
    Tissue engineering

    Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of Cell s, engineering and Materials science methods, and suitable biochemistry and physio-chemical factors to improve or replace biology functions....


External links

  • part of AIChE