Biblia Hebraica

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Biblia Hebraica

Biblia Hebraica is a Latin phrase meaning Hebrew Bible. It is traditionally used as a title for printed editions of the Tanakh

Tanakh

The Tanakh is the Bible used in Judaism. The name "Tanakh" is a Hebrew language Acronym and initialism formed from the initial Hebrew alphabet of the Tanakh's three traditional subdivisions: The Torah , Nevi'im and Ketuvim - hence TaNaKh....
(Hebrew Bible

Hebrew Bible

The term Hebrew Bible is a generic reference to those books of the Bible originally written mostly in Biblical Hebrew with some Biblical Aramaic....
).

In current scholarly usage, it refers almost exclusively to the three editions of the Hebrew Bible edited by Rudolf Kittel

Rudolf Kittel

Rudolf Kittel was a Germany Old Testament scholar.Kittel studied at T?bingen University. He became Professor of Old Testament at Breslau and Leipzig....
(BHK).

Rudolf Kittel's Biblia Hebraica (BHK)
The first two editions of Kittel's Biblia Hebraica appeared in 1906 and 1913; the differences between them are slight, apart from a list of errors in the second.

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Biblia Hebraica is a Latin phrase meaning Hebrew Bible. It is traditionally used as a title for printed editions of the Tanakh

Tanakh

Hebrew Bible

Rudolf Kittel

Rudolf Kittel was a Germany Old Testament scholar.Kittel studied at T?bingen University. He became Professor of Old Testament at Breslau and Leipzig....
(BHK).

Rudolf Kittel's Biblia Hebraica (BHK)

The first two editions of Kittel's Biblia Hebraica appeared in 1906 and 1913; the differences between them are slight, apart from a list of errors in the second. The second edition was reprinted several times. Both editions reproduced the Hebrew text found in the Mikraot Gedolot

Mikraot Gedolot

Mikraot Gedolot , often called the "Rabbinic literature Bible" in English, is anedition of Tanakh that generally includes four distinct elements:...
published by Daniel Bomberg

Daniel Bomberg

Daniel Bomberg was an early printer of Hebrew language books. Christian, born in Antwerp, he was primarily active in Venice between 1516 and 1549....
in Venice

Venice

Venice is a city in northern Italy, the capital city of the Italian regions Veneto, a population of 271,251 . Together with Padua, Italy, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area ....
in 1524. These editions did not include Masoretic note

Masoretic Text

The Masoretic Text is the Hebrew language text of the Jewish Bible . It defines not just the Development of the Jewish Bible canon, but also the precise letter-text of the biblical books in Judaism, as well as their niqqud and cantillation for both public reading and private study....
s, although the Bomberg's edition did.

Their main feature was their footnotes recording possible corrections to the Hebrew text. Many are based on the Samaritan Pentateuch

Samaritan Pentateuch

The Samaritan Pentateuch is a version of the Pentateuch that is used by the Samaritans.Scholars consult the Samaritan Pentateuch when trying to determine the meaning of text of the original Pentateuch and to trace the development of text-families....
and on early Bible translations such as the Septuagint

Septuagint

The Septuagint , or simply "LXX", is the Koine Greek version of the Hebrew Bible, translated in stages between the 3rd century BC and 1st century BC in Alexandria....
, Vulgate

Vulgate

The Vulgate is an early Fifth Century version of the Bible in Latin, and largely the result of the labors of Jerome, who was commissioned by Pope Damasus I in 382 to make a revision of Vetus Latina....
and Peshitta

Peshitta

The Peshitta is the standard version of the Christian Bible in the Syriac language.The Old Testament of the Peshitta was translated from the Hebrew , probably in the second century....
; others are conjectural emendations.

The third edition had a slightly different Hebrew text and completely revised footnotes. For the first time, a Bible reproduced the text of the Leningrad Codex

Leningrad Codex

The Leningrad Codex is one of the oldest manuscripts of the complete Hebrew Bible produced according to the Tiberian masoretic text; it is dated 1008 according to its colophon ....
. The idea to use that Codex is credited to Paul Kahle. This appeared in instalments, from 1929 to 1937, with the first one-volume edition in 1937; it was reprinted many times, with later editions recording variants in the Book of Isaiah

Book of Isaiah

The Book of Isaiah is a book of the Bible traditionally attributed to the Prophet Isaiah, who lived in the second half of the 8th century BC. In the first 39 chapters, Isaiah prophesies doom for a sinful Judah and for all the nations of the world that oppose God....
and Habakkuk

Book of Habakkuk

The Book of Habakkuk is the eighth book of the 12 minor prophets of the Hebrew Bible. It is attributed to the prophet Habakkuk, and was probably composed in the late 7th century BCE....
from the Dead Sea Scrolls

Dead Sea scrolls

The Dead Sea scrolls consist of roughly 900 documents, including texts from the Hebrew Bible, discovered between 1947 and 1956 in eleven caves in and around the Wadi Qumran near the ruins of the ancient settlement of Qumran, on the northwest shore of the Dead Sea....
. It reproduces the Masoretic notes in the Codex exactly, without editing.

When referenced, Kittel's Biblia Hebraica is usually abbreviated BH, or BHK (K for Kittel). When specific editions are referred to, BH1, BH2 and BH3 are used.

Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia

The third edition was superseded by the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia
Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia

The Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, or BHS, is an edition of the Masoretic Text of the Hebrew Bible as preserved in the Leningrad Codex, and supplemented by masoretic and text-critical notes....
.