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In physics
Physics

Physics is the natural science which examines basic concepts such as energy, force, and spacetime and all that derives from these, such as mass, charge, matter and its Motion ....
, the Standard Model
Standard Model

The Standard Model of particle physics is a theory of three of the four known fundamental interactions and the elementary particles that take part in these interactions....
 of particle physics
Particle physics

Particle physics is a branch of physics that studies the elementary particle constituents of matter and radiation, and the interactions between them....
 is currently the best description of all experimental data. Nevertheless, there are reasons to believe that there are phenomena that are not accurately described by this theory and "Beyond the Standard Model" physics studies possible extensions to the Standard Model that will be probed in up-coming experiments.

There are several areas where "Beyond the Standard Model" physics focuses.

In addition to these subjects, there are also attempts at relating different phenomena and parameters to a more fundamental theory.






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In physics
Physics

Physics is the natural science which examines basic concepts such as energy, force, and spacetime and all that derives from these, such as mass, charge, matter and its Motion ....
, the Standard Model
Standard Model

The Standard Model of particle physics is a theory of three of the four known fundamental interactions and the elementary particles that take part in these interactions....
 of particle physics
Particle physics

Particle physics is a branch of physics that studies the elementary particle constituents of matter and radiation, and the interactions between them....
 is currently the best description of all experimental data. Nevertheless, there are reasons to believe that there are phenomena that are not accurately described by this theory and "Beyond the Standard Model" physics studies possible extensions to the Standard Model that will be probed in up-coming experiments.

There are several areas where "Beyond the Standard Model" physics focuses.
  • The hierarchy problem
    Hierarchy problem

    In theoretical physics, a hierarchy problem occurs when the fundamental parameters of some Lagrangian mechanics are vastly different from the parameters measured by experiment....
  • The missing matter problem (dark matter
    Dark matter

    In astronomy and physical cosmology, dark matter is Hypothesis matter that is undetectable by its emitted electromagnetic radiation, but whose presence can be inferred from gravity effects on visible matter....
     and dark energy
    Dark energy

    In physical cosmology & astronomy dark energy is a hypothetical form of energy that permeates all of space and tends to increase the Hubble's law....
    )
  • The cosmological constant problem
  • The strong CP problem


In addition to these subjects, there are also attempts at relating different phenomena and parameters to a more fundamental theory. A partial classification of these attempts are
  • gauge coupling unification
    Grand unification theory

    Grand Unification, grand unified theory, or GUT refers to any of several very similar unified field theory or models in physics that predicts that at extremely high energies , the electromagnetic, weak nuclear, and strong nuclear forces are fused into a single unified field....
  • A theory of quark
    Quark

    Quarks are a type of elementary particle and major constituents of matter. They are the only particles in the Standard Model to experience all four fundamental interaction, which are also known as fundamental interactions....
     masses and mixings
  • A theory of neutrino masses
    Neutrino

    Neutrinos are elementary particles that travel close to the speed of light, lack an electric charge, are able to pass through ordinary matter almost undisturbed and are thus extremely difficult to detect....
     and mixings


See also


  • Quantum mechanics
    Quantum mechanics

    Quantum mechanics is a set of principles underlying the most fundamental known description of all physical systems at the microscopic scale . Notable amongst these principles are both a dual wave-like and particle-like behavior of matter and radiation, and prediction of probabilities in situations where classical physics predicts certaintie...
  • Theory of everything
    Theory of everything

    The theory of everything is a putative theory of theoretical physics that fully explains and links together all known physical phenomena. Initially, the term was used with an ironic connotation to refer to various overgeneralized theories....
  • String theory
    String theory

    String theory is a developing branch of theoretical physics that combines quantum mechanics and general relativity into a quantum gravity. The String s of string theory are one-dimensional oscillating lines, but they are no longer considered fundamental to the theory, which can be formulated in terms of points or surfaces too....
  • Holographic principle
    Holographic principle

    The holographic principle is a property of quantum gravity theories which resolves the black hole information paradox within string theory. First proposed by Gerard 't Hooft, it was given a precise string-theory interpretation by Leonard Susskind....
  • Big Bang
    Big Bang

    The Big Bang is the physical cosmology model of the initial conditions and subsequent development of the universe supported by the most comprehensive and accurate explanations from current scientific method and observation....


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