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Berber pantheon

Berber pantheon

Overview
The traditional Berber
Berber people
Berbers are the indigenous peoples of North Africa west of the Nile Valley. They are discontinuously distributed from the Atlantic to the Siwa oasis, in Egypt, and from the Mediterranean to the Niger River. Historically they spoke various Berber languages, which together form a branch of the...

 pantheon
Pantheon (gods)
A pantheon is a set of all the gods of a particular polytheistic religion or mythology.Max Weber's 1922 opus, Economy and Society...

contains a variety of god
God
God is a deity in theistic and deistic religions and other belief systems, representing either the sole deity in monotheism, or a principal deity in polytheism....

s. Although most Berbers are now Muslim
Muslim
:A Muslim , , is an adherent of the religion of Islam. The feminine form is Muslimah . Literally, the word means "one who submits ". Muslim is the participle of the same verb of which Islam is the infinitive. Muslims believe that there is only one God, translated in Arabic as Allah...

 (and none profess paganism), vestiges of their previous religion remain, including traditions such as "Tislit" and her husband "Anzar".
  • Africa or Ifri or Ifru: a Berber goddess adopted by the Romans.
  • Agurzil
    Agurzil
    Agurzil is the Berber god of war in Berber mythology, symbolized by a head of a bull. It was taken by the Berber queen Dihya in her battles against Muslims....

     (alternatively, Gurzil): Berber god of war, represented by a head of bull by the Luwata nomads.
  • Ammon
    Ammon
    The Ammon or Ammonites was a kingdom described in the Bible, said to occupy an area east of the Jordan river, Gilead and the Dead Sea....

    : an oracle god.
  • Antaeus
    Antaeus
    Antaeus in Greek mythology was a giant of Libya, the son of Poseidon and Gaia, whose wife was Tinjis. He was extremely strong as long as he remained in contact with the ground , but once lifted into the air he became as weak as other men...

    : a giant from Ancient Libya
    Ancient Libya
    Ancient Libya was the region west of the Nile Valley generally corresponding to modern Northwest Africa. Climate changes affected the locations of the settlements....

    .
  • Anzar: god of the rain.
  • Atlas
    Atlas (mythology)
    In Greek mythology, Atlas was the primordial Titan who supported the heavens from the ranges now called the Atlas Mountains. Atlas was the son of the Titan Iapetus and the Oceanid Asia or Klyménē :...

    : a mountain worshiped by the Berbers, according to Strabo
    Strabo
    Strabo was a Greek historian, geographer and philosopher.-Life:Strabo was born in a wealthy family from Amaseia in Pontus , which had recently become part of the Roman Empire.. He studied under various geographers and philosophers; first in Nysa, later in Rome...

     and Herodotus
    Herodotus
    Herodotus of Halicarnassus was a Greek historian who lived in the 5th century BC and is regarded as the "Father of History" in Western culture. He was the first historian known to collect his materials systematically, test their accuracy to a certain extent and arrange them in a...

    .
  • Ayyur
    Ayyur
    Ayyur was the moon god according to the Berber beliefs. The name "Ayyur" means literally the moon, and it was also used as a term to indicate the word "month" and also as a masculine name....

    : the moon, but also a Berber god.
  • Baal-Hammon or Baal-Ammon: A Carthaginian
    Carthage
    Carthage refers both to an ancient city in present-day Tunisia, and a modern-day suburb of Tunis. The civilization that developed within the city's sphere of influence is referred to as Punic or Carthaginian...

     god worshipped in north-western Africa.
  • Ifrikish ibn Kais: the first Berber king - When the Hebrews invaded Jericho
    Jericho
    Jericho is a city located near the Jordan River in the West Bank of the Palestinian Territories. It is the capital of the Jericho Governorate, and has a population of over 20,000 Palestinians. Situated well below sea level on an east-west route north of the Dead Sea, Jericho is the lowest...

    , few survived.
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Encyclopedia
The traditional Berber
Berber people
Berbers are the indigenous peoples of North Africa west of the Nile Valley. They are discontinuously distributed from the Atlantic to the Siwa oasis, in Egypt, and from the Mediterranean to the Niger River. Historically they spoke various Berber languages, which together form a branch of the...

 pantheon
Pantheon (gods)
A pantheon is a set of all the gods of a particular polytheistic religion or mythology.Max Weber's 1922 opus, Economy and Society...

contains a variety of god
God
God is a deity in theistic and deistic religions and other belief systems, representing either the sole deity in monotheism, or a principal deity in polytheism....

s. Although most Berbers are now Muslim
Muslim
:A Muslim , , is an adherent of the religion of Islam. The feminine form is Muslimah . Literally, the word means "one who submits ". Muslim is the participle of the same verb of which Islam is the infinitive. Muslims believe that there is only one God, translated in Arabic as Allah...

 (and none profess paganism), vestiges of their previous religion remain, including traditions such as "Tislit" and her husband "Anzar".
  • Africa or Ifri or Ifru: a Berber goddess adopted by the Romans.
  • Agurzil
    Agurzil
    Agurzil is the Berber god of war in Berber mythology, symbolized by a head of a bull. It was taken by the Berber queen Dihya in her battles against Muslims....

     (alternatively, Gurzil): Berber god of war, represented by a head of bull by the Luwata nomads.
  • Ammon
    Ammon
    The Ammon or Ammonites was a kingdom described in the Bible, said to occupy an area east of the Jordan river, Gilead and the Dead Sea....

    : an oracle god.
  • Antaeus
    Antaeus
    Antaeus in Greek mythology was a giant of Libya, the son of Poseidon and Gaia, whose wife was Tinjis. He was extremely strong as long as he remained in contact with the ground , but once lifted into the air he became as weak as other men...

    : a giant from Ancient Libya
    Ancient Libya
    Ancient Libya was the region west of the Nile Valley generally corresponding to modern Northwest Africa. Climate changes affected the locations of the settlements....

    .
  • Anzar: god of the rain.
  • Atlas
    Atlas (mythology)
    In Greek mythology, Atlas was the primordial Titan who supported the heavens from the ranges now called the Atlas Mountains. Atlas was the son of the Titan Iapetus and the Oceanid Asia or Klyménē :...

    : a mountain worshiped by the Berbers, according to Strabo
    Strabo
    Strabo was a Greek historian, geographer and philosopher.-Life:Strabo was born in a wealthy family from Amaseia in Pontus , which had recently become part of the Roman Empire.. He studied under various geographers and philosophers; first in Nysa, later in Rome...

     and Herodotus
    Herodotus
    Herodotus of Halicarnassus was a Greek historian who lived in the 5th century BC and is regarded as the "Father of History" in Western culture. He was the first historian known to collect his materials systematically, test their accuracy to a certain extent and arrange them in a...

    .
  • Ayyur
    Ayyur
    Ayyur was the moon god according to the Berber beliefs. The name "Ayyur" means literally the moon, and it was also used as a term to indicate the word "month" and also as a masculine name....

    : the moon, but also a Berber god.
  • Baal-Hammon or Baal-Ammon: A Carthaginian
    Carthage
    Carthage refers both to an ancient city in present-day Tunisia, and a modern-day suburb of Tunis. The civilization that developed within the city's sphere of influence is referred to as Punic or Carthaginian...

     god worshipped in north-western Africa.
  • Ifrikish ibn Kais: the first Berber king - When the Hebrews invaded Jericho
    Jericho
    Jericho is a city located near the Jordan River in the West Bank of the Palestinian Territories. It is the capital of the Jericho Governorate, and has a population of over 20,000 Palestinians. Situated well below sea level on an east-west route north of the Dead Sea, Jericho is the lowest...

    , few survived. Ifrikish ibn Kais led some of Jericho's giants to escape to Africa. They killed the king of that country and settled there, according to some Arab sources.
  • Iguc or Iyuc (as G often beceomes Y etc in Berber), god of the rain at Berghwata of Morocco
    Morocco
    Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country located in North Africa with a population of nearly 32 million and an area just under . Its capital is Rabat, and its largest city is Casablanca. Morocco has a coast on the Atlantic Ocean that reaches past the Strait of Gibraltar into the...

    .
  • Isis
    Isis
    Isis was a goddess in Ancient Egyptian religious beliefs, whose worship spread throughout the Greco-Roman world. She was worshiped as the ideal mother, wife, patron of nature and magic. She was the friend of slaves, sinners, artisans, the downtrodden, as well as listening to the prayers of the...

    : an Egyptian goddess worshiped by the Libyans according to Herodotus.
  • Makurgun: Berber god, of Punico-Berber origin.
  • Maqurtum: an Amazigh God of Punico-Berber origin.
  • Mastiman: a Moorish deity mentioned by Corippus
    Flavius Cresconius Corippus
    Flavius Cresconius Corippus was a late Roman epic poet of the 6th century, who flourished under East Roman Emperors Justinian I and Justin II. His major works are the epic poem Johannis and the panegyric In laudem Justini minoris...

    .
  • Neith: a Libyan goddess mentioned by Herodotus.
  • Osiris
    Osiris
    Osiris was an Egyptian god, usually called the god of the Afterlife, underworld or dead.Osiris is one of the oldest gods for whom records have been found; one of the oldest known attestations...

    : an Egyptian deity worshiped by the Libyans, according to Herodotus.
  • Poseidon
    Poseidon
    In Greek mythology, Poseidon was the god of the sea and, as "Earth-Shaker," of earthquakes. The name of the sea-god Nethuns in Etruscan was adopted in Latin for Neptune in Roman mythology: both were sea gods analogous to Poseidon...

    : a Libyan god mentioned by Herodotus.
  • Saturn
    Saturn (mythology)
    Saturn was a major Roman god of agriculture and harvest. In medieval times he was known as the Roman god of agriculture, justice and strength; he held a sickle in his left hand and a bundle of wheat in his right. His mother's name was Helen, or Hel...

    : a Roman deity worshiped by the Berbers. He was paid honour by human sacrifices, according to Tertullian
    Tertullian
    Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus, anglicised as Tertullian, was a prolific and controversial early Christian Berber author, and the first to write Christian Latin literature. He also was a notable early Christian apologist and a polemicist against heresy...

    .
  • Sinifer: God of war among the Luwata.
  • Sophox: Son of Heracles
    Heracles
    In Greek mythology, Heracles or Herakles , Alcides or Alcaeus , was a divine hero, the son of Zeus and Alcmene, foster son of Amphitryon and great-grandson of Perseus...

     and Tinjis according to Plutarch
    Plutarch
    Plutarch, born Plutarchos then, on his becoming a Roman citizen, Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus , c. AD 46 – 120, was a Greek historian, biographer, essayist, and Middle Platonist known primarily for his Parallel Lives and Moralia...

    .
  • Suggen: or Seggen, name of a Berber divinity, name which is nowadays found in Aïn Me Lila - Algeria
    Algeria
    Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country located in North Africa. It is the largest country on the Mediterranean sea, the second largest on the African continent and the eleventh-largest country in the world in terms of land area.It is bordered by Tunisia in...

    .
  • Sun-cult: a cult that was widespread among the Berbers.
  • Saint worship: a cult which dates back from antiquity.
  • Tanit
    Tanit
    Tanit was a Phoenician lunar goddess, worshiped as the patron goddess at Carthage where from the fifth century BCE onwards her name is associated with that of Baal Hammon and she is given the epithet pene baal and the title rabat, the female form of rab...

     or Tanit or Tinnit: a Libyan goddess worshiped in Carthage.
  • Tililwa: name of a Berber divinity.
  • Tinjis
    Tinjis
    Tinjis was in Berber and Greek Mythology the wife of Antaeus, son of Poseidon and Gaia....

    : a mythic wife of the demi-god Antaeus
    Antaeus
    Antaeus in Greek mythology was a giant of Libya, the son of Poseidon and Gaia, whose wife was Tinjis. He was extremely strong as long as he remained in contact with the ground , but once lifted into the air he became as weak as other men...

    .
  • Triton
    Triton (mythology)
    Triton is a mythological Greek god, the messenger of the sea. He is the son of Poseidon, god of the sea, and Amphitrite, goddess of the sea, whose herald he is...

    : a god the Greeks met in Libya, according to Herodotus.
  • Tislit: Bride of the rain-god Anzar.
  • Warsisima: an Amazigh Berber god; this name is a composed name: name + prefix: wer+isem (without name)