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The bayan is a type of chromatic button accordion
Chromatic button accordion

A chromatic button accordion is a type of button accordion where the melody-side keyboard consists of rows of buttons arranged chromatically. The bass -side keyboard is usually the Stradella bass system or one of the various free-bass systems....
 developed in Russia
Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
 in the early 20th century and named after the bard, Boyan
Boyan (bard)

Boyan or Bayan is the name of a bard who was mentioned in the Rus' epic The Lay of Igor's Campaign as being active at the court of Yaroslav the Wise....
. It differs from western chromatic button accordions in some details of construction:

The differences in internal construction give the bayan a different tone color from western instruments, especially the bass
Bass (musical term)

Bass , when used as an adjective, is used to describe Pitch s of low frequency or range . Played in an musical ensemble/orchestra, such notes are frequently used to provide a counterpoint or counter-melody, in a harmony context either to outline or juxtapose the progression of the chord s, or with Percussion instrument to underline the rhyth...
 has a much fuller sound. Because of their range and purity of tone, bayans are often the instrument of choice for accordion virtuosi who perform classical and contemporary classical music
Contemporary classical music

Contemporary classical music can be understood as belonging to a period that started in the mid-1970s with the retreat of modernism . However, the term may also be employed in a broader sense to refer to the post-1945 Modernism of post-tonal music from the death of Anton Webern ...
.






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The bayan is a type of chromatic button accordion
Chromatic button accordion

A chromatic button accordion is a type of button accordion where the melody-side keyboard consists of rows of buttons arranged chromatically. The bass -side keyboard is usually the Stradella bass system or one of the various free-bass systems....
 developed in Russia
Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
 in the early 20th century and named after the bard, Boyan
Boyan (bard)

Boyan or Bayan is the name of a bard who was mentioned in the Rus' epic The Lay of Igor's Campaign as being active at the court of Yaroslav the Wise....
. It differs from western chromatic button accordions in some details of construction:
  • Reeds are broader and rectangular
    Rectangle

    In geometry, a rectangle is a Closed set planar quadrilateral with four right angles. A rectangle with vertices ABCD would be denoted as .A rectangle with adjacent sides of lengths a and b has area ab and diagonals of equal length ....
     (rather than trapezoid
    Trapezoid

    In geometry, a trapezoid or trapezium is a quadrilateral with twoparallel sides. The term “trapezoid” is used in North America, while the term “trapezium” is prevalent in Britain....
    al).
  • Reeds are often attached in large groups to a common plate (rather than in pairs); the plates are screw
    Screw

    A screw is a shaft with a helix groove or screw thread formed on its surface and provision at one end to turn the screw. Its main uses are as a threaded fastener used to hold objects together, and as a simple machine used to translate torque into linear force....
    ed to the reed block (rather than attached with wax
    Wax

    Wax has traditionally referred to a substance that is secreted by bees and used by them in constructing their honeycombs.It is an imprecisely defined term generally understood to be a substance with properties similar to beeswax, namely...
    ).
  • The melody
    Melody

    In music, a melody , also tune, voice, or line, is a linear succession of musical tones which is perceived as a single entity....
    -side keyboard
    Musical keyboard

    A musical keyboard is the set of adjacent depressible levers or keys on a musical instrument, particularly the piano. Keyboards typically contain keys for playing the twelve notes of the Western musical scale, with a combination of larger, longer keys and smaller, shorter keys that repeats at the interval of an octave....
     is attached near the middle of the body (rather than at the rear).
  • Reeds are generally not tuned with tremolo
    Tremolo

    Tremolo, or tremolando, is a Musical terminology with several meanings:* A regular and repetitive variation in amplitude for the duration of a single note; this is the most common meaning....
    .
  • Register
    Register (music)

    In music, a register is the relative "height" or Range of a note, Musical set theory of Pitch es or pitch classes, melody, part, Musical instrument or group of instruments....
     switches may be operated with the chin on some larger models.
  • The diminished seventh chord row is shifted, so that the diminished seventh G chord is where one would expect the diminished seventh C chord in the Stradella bass system
    Accordion

    The accordion is a portable box-shaped musical instrument of the hand-held bellows-driven free reed aerophone family, sometimes referred to as a squeezebox....
    .
  • Converter switches to go from standard pre-set chords to free bass (individual bass notes) are common on the larger instruments.
  • Newer instruments may feature a register, where every tone played actually produces a perfect fifth
    Perfect fifth

    The perfect fifth is the musical interval between a note and the note seven semitones above it on the musical scale. For example, the note G lies a perfect fifth above C; D is a perfect fifth above G, C is a perfect fifth above F, and so on....
    .


The differences in internal construction give the bayan a different tone color from western instruments, especially the bass
Bass (musical term)

Bass , when used as an adjective, is used to describe Pitch s of low frequency or range . Played in an musical ensemble/orchestra, such notes are frequently used to provide a counterpoint or counter-melody, in a harmony context either to outline or juxtapose the progression of the chord s, or with Percussion instrument to underline the rhyth...
 has a much fuller sound. Because of their range and purity of tone, bayans are often the instrument of choice for accordion virtuosi who perform classical and contemporary classical music
Contemporary classical music

Contemporary classical music can be understood as belonging to a period that started in the mid-1970s with the retreat of modernism . However, the term may also be employed in a broader sense to refer to the post-1945 Modernism of post-tonal music from the death of Anton Webern ...
. The composer Sofia Gubaidulina
Sofia Gubaidulina

Sofia Asgatovna Gubaidulina, is a Russian composer of half Russians half Volga Tatars ethnicity....
 wrote several pieces for bayan and stringed instruments.

External links

  • , an open repository of squeezebox knowledge on Wikia.


Sources

  • Cherkasky, L. - Ukrainski narodni muzychni instrumenty // Tekhnika, Kyiv, Ukraine, 2003 - 262 pages. ISBN 966-575-111-5