Battle of Ulm: Facts, Discussion Forum, and Encyclopedia Article

Battle of Ulm

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	Topics Battle of Ulm Topic Home The Battle of Ulm was a series of minor skirmishes at the end of Napoleon Bonaparte'sNapoleon I of France Napoleon I Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Mediator of the Swiss Confederation and Protector of the Confede... Ulm CampaignUlm Campaign The Ulm Campaign consisted of a series of French and Bavarian military maneuvers and battles to outflank and capture an Aust... , culminating in the surrender of an entire AustrianAustrian Empire The Austrian Empire was an empire centred on what is modern day Austria that lasted from 1804 to 1867.... army near UlmFacts About Ulm Ulm is a city in the German Bundesland of Baden-Wrttemberg, situated on the river Danube, about 90 km south-east of Stuttgar... in WürttembergWürttemberg Wrttemberg refers to an area and a former state in Swabia, a region in south-western Germany.... . In 1805, the United KingdomUnited Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a country and sovereign state that lies off the northwest coast... , the Austrian EmpireAustrian Empire The Austrian Empire was an empire centred on what is modern day Austria that lasted from 1804 to 1867.... , SwedenSweden The Kingdom of Sweden is a Nordic country in Scandinavia.... , and the Russian EmpireRussian Empire The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until it was declared a republic in August 1917.... formed the Third CoalitionThird Coalition In the Napoleonic Wars, the Third Coalition against the French Empire emerged in 1805 and consisted of an alliance of the Un... to overthrow the French EmpireFirst French Empire The First French Empire, commonly known as the French Empire or the Napoleonic Empire, covers the period of the ... . When BavariaBavaria The Free State of Bavaria , with an area of 70,553 km and 12.4 million inhabitants, forms the southernmost state... sided with Napoleon, the Austrians, 72,000 strong under General Mack von Leiberich, prematurely invaded while the Russians were still marching through PolandPoland Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country located in Central Europe.... . This mix-up was caused by the fact that while the Austrians used the Gregorian calendarGregorian calendar The Gregorian calendar is the calendar that is used nearly everywhere in the world.... , the Russians were still using the Julian calendarJulian calendar The Julian calendar was introduced in 46 BC by Julius Caesar and took force in 45 BC .... . This meant that their dates did not correspond, and the Austrians were brought into conflict with the French before the Russians could come into line. (This simple but implausible explanation for the Russian army being far behind the Austrian is dismissed by , author of The End of the Old Order: Napoleon and Europe, 1801-1805, as .) Napoleon had 177,000 troops of the Grande ArméeLa Grande Armée The name *La Grande Arme* first entered the annals of history when, in 1805, Napoleon I renamed the army that he had assem... at BoulogneBoulogne-sur-Mer Boulogne-sur-Mer is a city in northern France, in the Pas-de-Calais dpartement of which it is a sous-prfecture.... , ready to invade England. They marched south on August 27 and by September 24 were in position facing General Mack, around UlmUlm Ulm is a city in the German Bundesland of Baden-Wrttemberg, situated on the river Danube, about 90 km south-east of Stuttgar... , from StrasbourgStrasbourg Strasbourg is the capital and principal city of the Alsace rgion of northeastern France, with approximately 650,000 inh... to Weißenburg in Bayern. On October 7, Mack learned that Napoleon planned to march round his right flank so as to cut him off from the Russians who were marching via ViennaVienna Vienna is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria.... . He accordingly changed front, placing his left at Ulm and his right at RainRain (Lech) Rain is a town in the Donau-Ries district, in Bavaria, Germany.... , but the French went on and crossed the DanubeDanube The Danube is the longest river of the European Union and Europe's second-longest .... at NeuburgNeuburg an der Donau Neuburg an der Donau, literally Neuburg on the Danube river, is a town which is the capital of the Neuburg-Schrobenhausen di... . Trying to extricate himself, Mack attempted to cross the Danube at GünzburgGünzburg G?nzburg is a Gro?e Kreisstadt and capital of the district of G?nzburg in Swabia, Bavaria.... , but clashed with the French VI Corps at ElchingenElchingen Elchingen is a municipality about 7 km east of Ulm/Neu-Ulm in the district of Neu-Ulm in Bavaria, Germany... on October 14 in the Battle of ElchingenBattle of Elchingen The Battle of Elchingen was fought on October 14, 1805, between French forces and a small Austrian force.... . The Austrians lost 2,000 men and returned to Ulm. By October 16, Napoleon had surrounded Mack's entire army at Ulm, and three days later Mack surrendered with 30,000 men, 18 generals, 65 guns, and 40 standards. Some 20,000 escaped, 10,000 were killed or wounded, and the rest made prisoner. About 6,000 French were killed or wounded. At the surrender, Mack offered his sword and presented himself to Napoleon as "The unfortunate General Mack." Bonaparte smiled and replied, "I give back to the unfortunate General his sword and his freedom, along with my regards to give to his Emperor". Francis IIFrancis II, Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor also referred to as Franz I, Emperor of Austria was the last Holy Roman Emperor, rul... was not as kind, however. Mack was court martialed and sentenced to two years' imprisonment. The Ulm CampaignUlm Campaign The Ulm Campaign consisted of a series of French and Bavarian military maneuvers and battles to outflank and capture an Aust... is considered one of the finest examples of a strategic turning movementTurning movement In military tactics, a turning movement involves an attacker's forces reaching the rear of a defender's forces, separating t... in military history.