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Battle of Corinth (146 BC)

 

 
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The Battle of Corinth
Corinth

Corinth, or Korinth Corinth is now the capital of the Prefectures of Greece of Corinthia. The city is surrounded by the coastal townlets of Lechaio, Isthmia, Kechries, and the inland townlets of Examilia and the archaeological site....
 was a battle fought between the Roman Republic
Roman Republic

The Roman Republic was the phase of the Ancient Rome characterized by a republican form of government; a period which began with the overthrow of the Roman Roman Kingdom, c....
 and the Greek
Roman Greece

Roman Greece is the period of History of Greece following the Roman victory over the Corinthians at the Battle of Corinth 146 BC until the reestablishment of the city of Byzantium and the naming of the city by the Emperor Constantine I as the capital of the Roman Empire in 330 AD....
 state
City-state

A city-state is an independent country whose territory consists solely of a single major city and the area immediately surrounding it. Examples include the city-states of ancient Greece , the Phoenician cities of Canaan , the Sumerian cities of Mesopotamia , the Mayans of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica , the central Asian cities along the Silk Roa...
 of Corinth
Corinth

Corinth, or Korinth Corinth is now the capital of the Prefectures of Greece of Corinthia. The city is surrounded by the coastal townlets of Lechaio, Isthmia, Kechries, and the inland townlets of Examilia and the archaeological site....
 and its allies in the Achaean League
Achaean League

The Achaean League was a confederation of Greece poliss in Achaea, a territory on the northern coast of the Peloponnese. An initial confederation existed during the 5th century BC through the 4th century BC....
 in 146 BC, that resulted in the complete and total destruction of the state
City-state

A city-state is an independent country whose territory consists solely of a single major city and the area immediately surrounding it. Examples include the city-states of ancient Greece , the Phoenician cities of Canaan , the Sumerian cities of Mesopotamia , the Mayans of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica , the central Asian cities along the Silk Roa...
 of Corinth which was previously so famous for its fabulous wealth
Wealth

Wealth is an abundance of valuable material possessions or resources. The word is derived from the old English wela, which is from an Indo-European word stem....
.

Preface
The 140's BC was a decade when Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
 proved its military superiority to its neighbors. In 146 BC the Romans stormed the city of Carthage
Carthage

Carthage refers both to an ancient city in present-day Tunisia, and a modern-day suburb of Tunis. The civilization that developed within the city's sphere of influence is referred to as Punic or Carthaginian....
 and set it ablaze.

The Romans spent the spring of 146 taunting the Greeks.






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The Battle of Corinth
Corinth

Corinth, or Korinth Corinth is now the capital of the Prefectures of Greece of Corinthia. The city is surrounded by the coastal townlets of Lechaio, Isthmia, Kechries, and the inland townlets of Examilia and the archaeological site....
 was a battle fought between the Roman Republic
Roman Republic

The Roman Republic was the phase of the Ancient Rome characterized by a republican form of government; a period which began with the overthrow of the Roman Roman Kingdom, c....
 and the Greek
Roman Greece

Roman Greece is the period of History of Greece following the Roman victory over the Corinthians at the Battle of Corinth 146 BC until the reestablishment of the city of Byzantium and the naming of the city by the Emperor Constantine I as the capital of the Roman Empire in 330 AD....
 state
City-state

A city-state is an independent country whose territory consists solely of a single major city and the area immediately surrounding it. Examples include the city-states of ancient Greece , the Phoenician cities of Canaan , the Sumerian cities of Mesopotamia , the Mayans of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica , the central Asian cities along the Silk Roa...
 of Corinth
Corinth

Corinth, or Korinth Corinth is now the capital of the Prefectures of Greece of Corinthia. The city is surrounded by the coastal townlets of Lechaio, Isthmia, Kechries, and the inland townlets of Examilia and the archaeological site....
 and its allies in the Achaean League
Achaean League

The Achaean League was a confederation of Greece poliss in Achaea, a territory on the northern coast of the Peloponnese. An initial confederation existed during the 5th century BC through the 4th century BC....
 in 146 BC, that resulted in the complete and total destruction of the state
City-state

A city-state is an independent country whose territory consists solely of a single major city and the area immediately surrounding it. Examples include the city-states of ancient Greece , the Phoenician cities of Canaan , the Sumerian cities of Mesopotamia , the Mayans of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica , the central Asian cities along the Silk Roa...
 of Corinth which was previously so famous for its fabulous wealth
Wealth

Wealth is an abundance of valuable material possessions or resources. The word is derived from the old English wela, which is from an Indo-European word stem....
.

Preface


The 140's BC was a decade when Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
 proved its military superiority to its neighbors. In 146 BC the Romans stormed the city of Carthage
Carthage

Carthage refers both to an ancient city in present-day Tunisia, and a modern-day suburb of Tunis. The civilization that developed within the city's sphere of influence is referred to as Punic or Carthaginian....
 and set it ablaze.

The Romans spent the spring of 146 taunting the Greeks. That winter a group of Greek cities retaliated against Rome, leading to a war that doomed the city of Corinth
Corinth

Corinth, or Korinth Corinth is now the capital of the Prefectures of Greece of Corinthia. The city is surrounded by the coastal townlets of Lechaio, Isthmia, Kechries, and the inland townlets of Examilia and the archaeological site....
.

Overview


The Roman consul Mummius
Lucius Mummius Achaicus

Lucius Mummius , was a Roman empire statesman and general. He later received the Roman naming conventions#agnomen Achaicus.Consul in 146 BC, Mummius was appointed to take command of the Battle of Corinth , and having obtained an easy victory over the incapable Diaeus, entered Corinth after a victory over the defending forces....
, with 23,000 infantry and 3,500 cavalry (probably two legions plus Italian allies) with Cretans
Crete

Crete is the largest of the Greek islands and the List of islands in the Mediterranean largest island in the Mediterranean Sea at 8,336 km? ....
 and Pergamese, advanced into the Peloponnese
Peloponnese

The Peloponnese or Peloponnesus is a large peninsula and Regions of Greece in southern Greece, forming the part of the country south of the Gulf of Corinth....
 against the revolutionary government of the Achaean League
Achaean League

The Achaean League was a confederation of Greece poliss in Achaea, a territory on the northern coast of the Peloponnese. An initial confederation existed during the 5th century BC through the 4th century BC....
. The Achaean general Diaios camped at Corinth with 14,000 infantry and 600 cavalry (plus probably some survivors of another army beaten earlier). The Achaeans made a successful night attack on the camp of the Roman advance guard, inflicting heavy casualties. Encouraged by this success they offered battle the next day but their cavalry, heavily outnumbered, did not wait to receive the Roman cavalry charge but fled at once. The Achaean infantry however held the legions until a picked force of 1000 Roman infantry charged their flank and broke them. Some Achaians took refuge in Corinth, but no defense was organized because Diaios fled to Arcadia
Arcadia

Arcadia, Arkad?a , or Arcady is a region of Greece in the Peloponnesus. It takes its name from the mythological character Arcas....
. Corinth was utterly destroyed in this year by the victorious Roman army
Roman army

The Roman Army was employed by the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire, as part of the Roman military. Its most important infantry constituent for much of its history was the Roman legion....
 and all of her treasures and art plundered. The annihilation of Corinth marked a severe departure from previous Roman policy in Greece and it is perhaps telling that Carthage
Carthage

Carthage refers both to an ancient city in present-day Tunisia, and a modern-day suburb of Tunis. The civilization that developed within the city's sphere of influence is referred to as Punic or Carthaginian....
 shared a similar fate in this same year. Rome could no longer pretend that they were conquering the world in self defence. Memories of the looting of Corinth embarrassed the Romans for years to come.

While there is archeological evidence of some minimal habitation in the years afterwards, Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar

'Gaius Julius Caesar' , July 13, 100 BC ? March 15, 44 BC,) was a Roman Republic military and political leader. He played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire....
 refounded the city as Colonia Laus Iulia Corinthiensis in 44 BC shortly before his assassination
Assassination

Assassination is the targeted killing of a public figure. Assassinations may be prompted by ideology, politics, or military reasons. Additionally, assassins may be motivated by contract killing, revenge, or celebrity or may be mental disorder....
.

With Greece under Rome's control, a new chapter was added to Rome's history called the Greco-Roman Era.