Basic functional groups

The functional groups listed below are the basic functional groups covered by most General Biology courses.

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The functional groups listed below are the basic functional groups covered by most General Biology courses.

Chemical class	Group	Formula	Prefix	Suffix	Example
Alcohol Alcohol In chemistry [i], an alcohol is any organic compound [i] in which a hydroxyl [i] group [i] ...	Hydroxyl	ROH	hydroxy-	-ol	Methanol Methanol Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol or wood alcohol, is a chemical compound [i] with chemical formula [i] ...
Carbonyl Carbonyl In organic chemistry [i], a carbonyl group is a functional group [i] composed of a carbon [i] atom [i] double-bonded [i]...	Aldehyde Aldehyde An aldehyde is an organic compound containing ...	RCHO	oxo-	-al	Acetaldehyde Acetaldehyde Acetaldehyde, systematically known as ethanal, is an [[organic compound\|organic chemical compound]...
	Ketone Ketone A ketone is either the functional group [i] characterized by a carbonyl [i] group linked to two other carbon [i]...	RCOR'	keto-, oxo-	-one
Carboxyl Carboxylic acid Carboxylic acids are organic acid [i]s characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group, which ha ...	Carboxylic acid Carboxylic acid Carboxylic acids are organic acid [i]s characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group, which ha ...	RCOOH	carboxy-	-oic acid
	Carboxylate Carboxylic acid Carboxylic acids are organic acid [i]s characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group, which ha ...	RCOO^-	carboxy-	-oate
Amine Amine Amines are organic compound [i]s and a type of functional group [i] that contain nitrogen [i] as the key ... s	Primary amine Amine Amines are organic compound [i]s and a type of functional group [i] that contain nitrogen [i] as the key ...	RNH₂	amino-	-amine	Methylamine Methylamine Methylamine is a simple primary amine [i] with a formula of CH3NH2....
Phosphate Phosphate In inorganic chemistry [i], a phosphate is a salt [i] of phosphoric acid [i]. ...	Phosphate	ROP₂	phospho-
Thiol	Sulfhydryl	RSH	mercapto-, sulfanyl-	-thiol