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Basic functional groups

The functional groups listed below are the basic functional groups covered by most General Biology courses.

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Encyclopedia

The functional groups listed below are the basic functional groups covered by most General Biology courses.

















































































Chemical classGroupFormulaGraphical FormulaPrefixSuffixExample
Alcohol Alcohol

In chemistry [i], an alcohol is any organic compound [i] in which a hydroxyl [i] group [i] ... 

HydroxylROH
hydroxy--ol

Methanol Methanol

Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol or wood alcohol, is a chemical compound [i] with chemical formula [i] ... 

Carbonyl Carbonyl

In organic chemistry [i], a carbonyl group is a functional group [i] composed of a carbon [i] atom [i] double-bonded [i]... 

Aldehyde Aldehyde

An aldehyde is an organic compound containing
... 

RCHO
oxo--al

Acetaldehyde Acetaldehyde

Acetaldehyde, systematically known as ethanal, is an [[organic compound|organic chemical compound]... 

Ketone Ketone

A ketone is either the functional group [i] characterized by a carbonyl [i] group linked to two other carbon [i]... 

RCOR'
keto-, oxo--one
Carboxyl Carboxylic acid

Carboxylic acids are organic acid [i]s characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group, which ha ... 

Carboxylic acid Carboxylic acid

Carboxylic acids are organic acid [i]s characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group, which ha ... 

RCOOH
carboxy--oic acid
Carboxylate Carboxylic acid

Carboxylic acids are organic acid [i]s characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group, which ha ... 

RCOO-



carboxy--oate
Amine Amine

Amines are organic compound [i]s and a type of functional group [i] that contain nitrogen [i] as the key ... 

s
Primary amine Amine

Amines are organic compound [i]s and a type of functional group [i] that contain nitrogen [i] as the key ... 

RNH2
amino--amine

Methylamine Methylamine

Methylamine is a simple primary amine [i] with a formula of CH3NH2.... 

Phosphate Phosphate

In inorganic chemistry [i], a phosphate is a salt [i] of phosphoric acid [i]. ... 

PhosphateROP2
phospho-
ThiolSulfhydrylRSH
mercapto-, sulfanyl--thiol




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