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Base Realignment and Closure
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Base Realignment and Closure (or BRAC) is a process of the United States federal government directed at the administration and operation of the Armed Forces, used by the United States Department of Defense (DoD) and Congress to close excess military installations and realign the total asset inventory in order to save money on operations and maintenance, aimed at achieving maximum efficiency in line with Congressional and DoD objectives.
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Encyclopedia
Base Realignment and Closure (or BRAC) is a process of the United States federal government directed at the administration and operation of the Armed Forces, used by the United States Department of Defense (DoD) and Congress to close excess military installations and realign the total asset inventory in order to save money on operations and maintenance, aimed at achieving maximum efficiency in line with Congressional and DoD objectives. More than 350 installations have been closed in four BRAC rounds: 1989, 1991, 1993 and 1995. The most recent round of BRAC completed in the fall of 2005 and with the commission's recommendations became law in November 2005.
History
The BRAC process was developed in an attempt to achieve the government's goal of closing and realigning military installations despite the political challenges which often arise when facilities face reduction or elimination. Because a military base can bring millions of dollars in federal money to its surrounding area each year, challenges raised by members of Congress from affected districts make such initiatives very difficult. Congress created the BRAC process in 1988 as a politically palatable method to pursue such needed goals.
Process
The process begins when The Pentagon officials submit a list of bases to be closed, shrunk, or enlarged. This was accomplished on 13 May 2005. An independent nine-member commission, the BRAC Commission, evaluated the list by taking testimony from interested parties and paying visits to affected bases. The BRAC Commission had the opportunity to add bases to the list and did so in a 19 July 2005 hearing. By September 2005, the commission must submit its list to the President, who must either approve or disapprove the list in its entirety. If approved, the list then goes to Congress no later than 7 November 2005. Congress has the opportunity to disapprove the entire list within 45 days by enacting a resolution of disapproval - if Congress does not enact such a resolution, the BRAC recommendations are final.
BRAC Rounds
Past Rounds
1988 Commission
1991 Commission
- Bergstrom AFB (Active Component only),
- Carswell AFB,
- Castle AFB,
- Chase Field NAS,
- Eaker AFB,
- England AFB,
- Fort Benjamin Harrison,
- Fort Devens,
- Fort Ord,
- Grissom AFB,
- Treasure Island NS Hunters Pt Annex,
- Lowry AFB,
- Loring AFB,
- Moffett NAS,
- Myrtle Beach AFB,
- NAV ElecSysEngrCtr,
- Naval Station Long Beach,
- Naval Station Philadelphia,
- Naval Station Puget Sound,
- Philadelphia Naval Complex,
- Presidio of Monterey,
- Richards-Gebaur ARS,
- Rickenbacker AGB,
- Sacramento Army Depot,
- Marine Corps Air Station Tustin,
- Williams AFB,
- Wurtsmith AFB,
1993 Commission
The 1993 Commission report included
- Camp Evans - Fort Monmouth,
- Cecil Field NAS,
- Marine Corps Air Station El Toro,
- Homestead AFB,
- K.I. Sawyer AFB
- March AFB,
- Mare Island Naval Shipyard,
- Naval Air Rework Facility (NARF), Alameda
- Naval Air Station Agana,
- Naval Air Station Barbers Point,
- Naval Air Station Dallas,
- Naval Air Station Glenview,
- Naval Air Station Alameda,
- Naval Aviation Depot Alameda,
- Naval Aviation Depot Norfolk,
- Naval Aviation Depot Pensacola,
- Naval Hospital Charleston,
- Naval Hospital Oakland, Oak Knoll Naval Hospital
- Naval Hospital Orlando,
- Naval Station Charleston,
- Naval Station Mobile,
- Naval Station Staten Island,
- Naval Station Treasure Island,
- Naval Supply Center Oakland, Oakland Naval Supply Center
- Naval Training Center Orlando,
- Naval Training Center San Diego,
- NESEC, St. Inigoes,
- Newark AFB,
- O'Hare IAP ARS,
- Plattsburgh AFB,
- San Diego NTC,
- Vint Hill Farms
1995 Commission
- Adak NAF,
- Bergstrom AFB,
- Camp Bonneville,
- Castle Air Force Base,
- US Army Operations Fitzsimons,
- Fort Chafee,
- Fort Greely,
- Fort Indiantown Gap,
- Fort McClellan,
- Fort Pickett,
- Fort Ritchie,
- Letterkenny Army Depot,
- Mcclellan AFB,
- Military Ocean Terminal,
- Naval Air Warfare Center, Aircraft Division, Indianapolis,
- Naval Shipyard, Long Beach,
- Naval Supply Center, Oakland, Oakland Naval Supply Center
- NAWC, Aircraft Div., Warminster,
- NAWC, Crane Division Detachment,
- NSWC, Dahlgren Division Detachment,
- Oakland Army Base,
- Ontario IAP Air Guard Station,
- Red River Army Depot,
- Reese AFB,
- Roslyn Air Guard Station,
- Savanna Army Depot Activity,
- Seneca AD,
- Sierra Army Depot,
- Ship Repair Facility, Guam,
- South Weymouth NAS,
- Stratford Army Engine Plant
Source:
BRAC 2005
For full coverage, see Base Realignment and Closure, 2005
The Pentagon released its proposed list for BRAC 2005 (see Base Realignment and Closure, 2005) on May 13, 2005 (a date given the moniker "BRAC Friday," a pun on Black Friday). After an extensive series of public hearings, analysis of DoD-supplied supporting data, and solicitation of comments from the public, the list of recommendations was revised by the 9-member Defense Base Closure and Realignments Commission in two days of public markups and votes on individual recommendations (the proceedings were broadcast by C-SPAN and are available for review on the network's website). The Commission submitted its revised list to the President on September 8, 2005. The President approved the list and signalled his approval to Congress on September 15. The House of Representatives took up a joint resolution to disapprove the recommendations on October 26, but the resolution failed to pass. The recommendations were thereby enacted. The Secretary of Defense must implement the recommendations not later than September 15, 2011.
Major facilities slated for closure include:
- Fort McPherson, Georgia
- Fort Gillem, Georgia
- Naval Submarine Base New London in Connecticut (removed from list August 24, 2005)
- Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine (removed from list August 26, 2005)
- Naval Air Station Brunswick in Maine
- Ellsworth Air Force Base in South Dakota (removed from list August 26, 2005)
- Cannon Air Force Base in New Mexico (temporarily removed from closure August 26, 2005, pending review of new mission assignment)
- Fort Monmouth in New Jersey
- Defense Finance and Accounting Service in New York
- Fort Monroe, Virginia
- Willow Grove Naval Air Station/Joint Reserve Base in Pennsylvania
- Naval Station Ingleside, Texas
- Otis Air National Guard Base, Massachusetts (removed from list August 26, 2005)
- Navy Supply Corps School
Major facilities slated for realignment include these:
See also
External links
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