Baramulla
Encyclopedia
Baramulla, بارامولا (Nastaleeq); ; translation
: Boar's Molar), known as Varahamula in antiquity, is a city in the Baramulla district in Jammu and Kashmir
state in northern India
. Baramulla is the third largest city of Jammu & Kashmir state (2001 census) after Srinagar
(894940 people), Jammu
(369959 people), and Anantnag
(72204 people). The old town is connected by five bridges with the new town and five more bridges are in the pipeline. The commonly used language is Kashmiri
, followed by Gujari, Hindi
, and Punjabi
.
The name Baramulla, meaning "Boar's Molar (from the root word Mula which means deep) " is derived from two Sanskrit
words Varaha
(Boar) and Mula. According to Hindu
teaching, the valley of Kashmir was once a lake called "Satisaras," the lake of Parvati
. The ancient Hindu texts state that the lake was occupied by a demon
, Jalodbhava, until Lord Vishnu, assumed the form of a boar
and struck the mountain at Baramulla (ancient Varahamula) boring an opening in it for the water to flow out. As such, the town is located on the banks of river Jehlum at the highest point of the river. The river forms a delta just in the outskirts of the town.
, Baramulla has a population of 71896. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Baramulla has an average literacy rate of 65%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 63% of the males and 37% of the females literate. 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.
The Baramulla District is the largest district in the entire Kashmir valley both with reference to the population and area. The district is spread over an area of 4588 km². The Baramulla District is bounded by Kupwara
in the north and west, Budgam
and Poonch in the south, Bandipore
District in the North East and Neelum District
(Azad Kashmir) in the North.
The district is divided into 8 tehsil
s, and 12 CD Blocks. The eight tehsils of Baramulla are Uri, Boniyar, Baramulla, Rohama, Tangmarg, Pattan, Sopore and Wagoora (Kreri). The twelve blocks of the district are Uri, Boniyar, Baramulla, Wagoora, Pattan, Rafiabad, Rohama, Tangmarg, Sopore, Zaingeer, Kunzer and Singhpora.
Baramulla consists of old town (Approx.population=45,000) and the new town (Greater Baramulla Approx.Population=57,000)are connected with five bridges including a suspension bridge connecting Gulnar park with Dewan Bagh. A new bridge is in the pipeline which will connect Khanpora and Drangbal areas of the town.
There are other towns in the district like Sopore (Population=58000 (2001 census)), Pattan, Uri and Tangmarg. Baramulla and Sopore towns enjoy the status of Municipal Councils and other as Municipal Committees.
is in Greater Baramulla, which is owned by the Catholic diocese
of Jammu-Srinagar, and is administered by its Education Society (Reg. No. 1601-S of 1989) under the provisions of article 30(1) of the Indian Constitution; for Christians and all others without any distinction of caste, creed or colour.
St. Joseph's School is one of the oldest missionary schools in the Kashmir valley. It recently got upgraded to the status of a higher secondary school. The new block cost nearly 60 million INR
The school has started online education. This school is the first in the Kashmir valley to start online education. The school also has a plan to upgrade to the professional college which shall start with Journalism, Business Administration and Computer Science.
Other Schools include Baramulla Public Hr.Sec.School(BPS), Delhi Public School (DPS),Beacon House, Guru Nanak School, Budding Bloom, and and various Government run schools.
Among Colleges, Baramulla has the Govt. Degree College for Boys Baramulla. It has labs, computer browsing centres,well established libraries.In addition it has Govt.College for women and other no. of intermediate colleges (Hr.Secondary Schools).The city has got District Hospital and a nursing college. A medical college and a polytechnic college is in the pipeline.Baramulla has got District Veterinary Hospital which is flourished with the latest technology like X-ray and ultrasonography machines for caring the ailing animal patients. The Govt.is of the opinion to open two more degree colleges for boys and girls in the city.The city has got north campus of University of Kashmir where an Engineering College has already started its function.
is the predominant language spoken in the district. Shina
is the dominant language in Gurez
Valley in Gurez Tehsil which is situated in the northwest on the border with Skardu District
, Pakistan. Pashto is also spoken in a few villages in the far north located on the Line of Control
. Hindi
and Gujari also have many speakers in the city. There are also a number of Punjabi
speakers in the city, who are usually adherents of Sikhism
.
Indian English
Indian English is an umbrella term used to describe dialects of the English language spoken primarily in the Republic of India.As a result of British colonial rule until Indian independence in 1947 English is an official language of India and is widely used in both spoken and literary contexts...
: Boar's Molar), known as Varahamula in antiquity, is a city in the Baramulla district in Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir is the northernmost state of India. It is situated mostly in the Himalayan mountains. Jammu and Kashmir shares a border with the states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab to the south and internationally with the People's Republic of China to the north and east and the...
state in northern India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
. Baramulla is the third largest city of Jammu & Kashmir state (2001 census) after Srinagar
Srinagar
Srinagar is the summer seasonal capital of Jammu and Kashmir. It is situated in Kashmir Valley and lies on the banks of the Jhelum River, a tributary of the Indus. It is one of the largest cities in India not to have a Hindu majority. The city is famous for its gardens, lakes and houseboats...
(894940 people), Jammu
Jammu
Jammu , also known as Duggar, is one of the three administrative divisions within Jammu and Kashmir, the northernmost state in India.Jammu city is the largest city in Jammu and the winter capital of Jammu and Kashmir...
(369959 people), and Anantnag
Anantnag
Anantnag , a city and a municipality in Anantnag district in the state of Jammu & Kashmir, India. Anantnag is regarded as the commercial and financial capital of the valley of Kashmir...
(72204 people). The old town is connected by five bridges with the new town and five more bridges are in the pipeline. The commonly used language is Kashmiri
Kashmiri language
Kashmiri is a language from the Dardic sub-group and it is spoken primarily in the Kashmir Valley, in Jammu and Kashmir. There are approximately 5,554,496 speakers in Jammu and Kashmir, according to the Census of 2001. Most of the 105,000 speakers or so in Pakistan are émigrés from the Kashmir...
, followed by Gujari, Hindi
Hindi
Standard Hindi, or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi, also known as Manak Hindi , High Hindi, Nagari Hindi, and Literary Hindi, is a standardized and sanskritized register of the Hindustani language derived from the Khariboli dialect of Delhi...
, and Punjabi
Punjabi language
Punjabi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by inhabitants of the historical Punjab region . For Sikhs, the Punjabi language stands as the official language in which all ceremonies take place. In Pakistan, Punjabi is the most widely spoken language...
.
Origin and Geography
Sanskrit
Sanskrit , is a historical Indo-Aryan language and the primary liturgical language of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism.Buddhism: besides Pali, see Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Today, it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand...
words Varaha
Varaha
Varaha is the third Avatar of the Hindu Godhead Vishnu, in the form of a Boar. He appeared in order to defeat Hiranyaksha, a demon who had taken the Earth and carried it to the bottom of what is described as the cosmic ocean in the story. The battle between Varaha and Hiranyaksha is believed to...
(Boar) and Mula. According to Hindu
Hindu
Hindu refers to an identity associated with the philosophical, religious and cultural systems that are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. As used in the Constitution of India, the word "Hindu" is also attributed to all persons professing any Indian religion...
teaching, the valley of Kashmir was once a lake called "Satisaras," the lake of Parvati
Parvati
Parvati is a Hindu goddess. Parvati is Shakti, the wife of Shiva and the gentle aspect of Mahadevi, the Great Goddess...
. The ancient Hindu texts state that the lake was occupied by a demon
Demon
call - 1347 531 7769 for more infoIn Ancient Near Eastern religions as well as in the Abrahamic traditions, including ancient and medieval Christian demonology, a demon is considered an "unclean spirit" which may cause demonic possession, to be addressed with an act of exorcism...
, Jalodbhava, until Lord Vishnu, assumed the form of a boar
Boar
Wild boar, also wild pig, is a species of the pig genus Sus, part of the biological family Suidae. The species includes many subspecies. It is the wild ancestor of the domestic pig, an animal with which it freely hybridises...
and struck the mountain at Baramulla (ancient Varahamula) boring an opening in it for the water to flow out. As such, the town is located on the banks of river Jehlum at the highest point of the river. The river forms a delta just in the outskirts of the town.
Demographics
India censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
, Baramulla has a population of 71896. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Baramulla has an average literacy rate of 65%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 63% of the males and 37% of the females literate. 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.
The Baramulla District is the largest district in the entire Kashmir valley both with reference to the population and area. The district is spread over an area of 4588 km². The Baramulla District is bounded by Kupwara
Kupwara District
Kupwara District is located in Jammu and Kashmir, India.-Administration:Kupwara district has 3 tehsils: Handwara, Karnah and Kupwara.This district consists of 11 blocks: Sogam, Tangdar, Teetwal, Ramhal, Kupwara, Rajwal, Kralpora, Langate, Wavoora, Trehgam and Kalaroo...
in the north and west, Budgam
Budgam district
Budgam District is a district of the state of Jammu and Kashmir in India. It was formed in 1979.-Administration:Budgam district consists of 8 blocks: Beerwah, Nagam, Budgam, B.K.Pora, Khan Sahib, Khag, Narbal and Chadoora...
and Poonch in the south, Bandipore
Bandipore
Bandipore is a new District in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, India...
District in the North East and Neelum District
Neelum District
Neelum District is one of the eight districts of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. Until recently it was part of Muzaffarabad District. It is bound by the Gilgit to the North, with Kupwara, Baramulla and Bandipore Districts of Indian-administered Kashmir in India to the South and Southeast,...
(Azad Kashmir) in the North.
The district is divided into 8 tehsil
Tehsil
A Tehsil or Tahsil/Tahasil , also known as Taluk and Mandal, is an administrative division of some country/countries of South Asia....
s, and 12 CD Blocks. The eight tehsils of Baramulla are Uri, Boniyar, Baramulla, Rohama, Tangmarg, Pattan, Sopore and Wagoora (Kreri). The twelve blocks of the district are Uri, Boniyar, Baramulla, Wagoora, Pattan, Rafiabad, Rohama, Tangmarg, Sopore, Zaingeer, Kunzer and Singhpora.
Baramulla consists of old town (Approx.population=45,000) and the new town (Greater Baramulla Approx.Population=57,000)are connected with five bridges including a suspension bridge connecting Gulnar park with Dewan Bagh. A new bridge is in the pipeline which will connect Khanpora and Drangbal areas of the town.
There are other towns in the district like Sopore (Population=58000 (2001 census)), Pattan, Uri and Tangmarg. Baramulla and Sopore towns enjoy the status of Municipal Councils and other as Municipal Committees.
Education
St. Joseph's SchoolSt. Joseph's School (Baramulla)
St. Joseph’s Higher Secondary School , Baramulla, is established and owned by the Catholic Diocese of Jammu-Srinagar and is administered by its Education Society under the provisions of article 30 of the Indian Constitution; for Christians and all others without any distinction of caste, creed or...
is in Greater Baramulla, which is owned by the Catholic diocese
Diocese
A diocese is the district or see under the supervision of a bishop. It is divided into parishes.An archdiocese is more significant than a diocese. An archdiocese is presided over by an archbishop whose see may have or had importance due to size or historical significance...
of Jammu-Srinagar, and is administered by its Education Society (Reg. No. 1601-S of 1989) under the provisions of article 30(1) of the Indian Constitution; for Christians and all others without any distinction of caste, creed or colour.
St. Joseph's School is one of the oldest missionary schools in the Kashmir valley. It recently got upgraded to the status of a higher secondary school. The new block cost nearly 60 million INR
The school has started online education. This school is the first in the Kashmir valley to start online education. The school also has a plan to upgrade to the professional college which shall start with Journalism, Business Administration and Computer Science.
Other Schools include Baramulla Public Hr.Sec.School(BPS), Delhi Public School (DPS),Beacon House, Guru Nanak School, Budding Bloom, and and various Government run schools.
Among Colleges, Baramulla has the Govt. Degree College for Boys Baramulla. It has labs, computer browsing centres,well established libraries.In addition it has Govt.College for women and other no. of intermediate colleges (Hr.Secondary Schools).The city has got District Hospital and a nursing college. A medical college and a polytechnic college is in the pipeline.Baramulla has got District Veterinary Hospital which is flourished with the latest technology like X-ray and ultrasonography machines for caring the ailing animal patients. The Govt.is of the opinion to open two more degree colleges for boys and girls in the city.The city has got north campus of University of Kashmir where an Engineering College has already started its function.
Language
KashmiriKashmiri language
Kashmiri is a language from the Dardic sub-group and it is spoken primarily in the Kashmir Valley, in Jammu and Kashmir. There are approximately 5,554,496 speakers in Jammu and Kashmir, according to the Census of 2001. Most of the 105,000 speakers or so in Pakistan are émigrés from the Kashmir...
is the predominant language spoken in the district. Shina
Shina
Shina can refer to:* Shina , a Japanese term for mainland China* Shina , Shina Gado, a character from the Bloody Roar video game series* Shina people, Dardic people of Pakistani Kashmir* Shin of Hindukush...
is the dominant language in Gurez
Gurez
Gurez or Gurais, also pronounced Gorai in the local Shina language, is a valley located in the high Himalayas , about from Bandipore and from Srinagar in northern Jammu and Kashmir, India. At about above sea level, the valley is surrounded by snow capped mountains. It has diverse fauna and...
Valley in Gurez Tehsil which is situated in the northwest on the border with Skardu District
Skardu District
Skardu District is part of Baltistan and currently constitutes one of the seven districts of the Gilgit-Baltistan territory of Pakistan...
, Pakistan. Pashto is also spoken in a few villages in the far north located on the Line of Control
Line of Control
The term Line of Control refers to the military control line between the Indian- and Pakistani-controlled parts of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir—a line which, to this day, does not constitute a legally recognized international boundary but is the de facto border...
. Hindi
Hindi
Standard Hindi, or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi, also known as Manak Hindi , High Hindi, Nagari Hindi, and Literary Hindi, is a standardized and sanskritized register of the Hindustani language derived from the Khariboli dialect of Delhi...
and Gujari also have many speakers in the city. There are also a number of Punjabi
Punjabi language
Punjabi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by inhabitants of the historical Punjab region . For Sikhs, the Punjabi language stands as the official language in which all ceremonies take place. In Pakistan, Punjabi is the most widely spoken language...
speakers in the city, who are usually adherents of Sikhism
Sikhism
Sikhism is a monotheistic religion founded during the 15th century in the Punjab region, by Guru Nanak Dev and continued to progress with ten successive Sikh Gurus . It is the fifth-largest organized religion in the world and one of the fastest-growing...
.